大学英语四级新题型听力

1、大学英语四级听力考试方法与技巧2022-6-10目录1大学英语四级听力新题型介绍22022-6-10方法与技巧大学英语四级听力新题型介绍自2016年6月考试起，全国大学英语四级考试委员会对四级考试规定的内容：1.短篇新闻(3段)，每段设置23个小题，共7题，每小题1分，新闻长度130190词。2. 长对话(2段)共8题，每小题1分。3. 短文理解(3段)，分值为每小题2分。4.考试时间为25分钟。2016大学英语四级新题型听力解读四级听力部分的试题结构见下表：方法与技巧2022-6-10目录1短对话2新闻听力3长对话2022-6-104篇章听力2022-6-10短对话听力的特点和考查重点短对话

2、一直以来都是英语考试中最有规律也最易提高的部分，这主要是因为对话本身必须兼顾文化背景常识与语言考查点两个部分，所以考试时既不会出两人见面问候“吃了没”这样不符合文化背景的题目，也鲜见直接对yes, no这样简单单词提问的没有任何考查难度的题目。正是出于这两点考虑，加之为了保证考试成绩的公正性与平衡性，四级考试的短对话部分产生了一些固有的套路和思维模式。 预测选项；明确出题方式：同义替换（往往是正确答案），考查细节 （要速记，要听清问题），转折（要听清转折后的内容）。 2022-6-10根据出题思路与喜好偏向，我们不难发现，就考点而言，短对话出题主要集中在以下五个方面：1. 原因考查，如：W:

3、Bob said that Seattle is a great place for conferences.M: He is certainly in the position to make that comment. He has been there so often.Q: What does the man say about?本题考查的划线部分实际为前一句的原因阐述，因此成为考查重点。 短对话听力的特点和考查重点短对话听力的特点和考查重点2. 建议句型，如：W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her. Her left

4、leg doesnt hurt as much as it did yesterday. M: Shed better have it examined by a doctor anyway. And Ill call her about it this evening.Q: What does the man think Carol should do?本题中男人用had better一词表达了建议的内容，从而使之成为考查重点。短对话听力的特点和考查重点3. 反问句式，如：W: I just read in the newspaper that Lord of the Rings is th

5、is years greatest hit. Why dont we go and see it at the Grand Cinema?M: Dont you think that cinema is a little out of the way(偏僻的）?Q: What does the man mean?本题中连续两个反问句式，前者表达了女人的建议，后者则表达了男人的言外之意，所以反问句式是个多功能的表达方式。短对话听力的特点和考查重点4. 转折变化，如：M: Hi, Melissa, hows your project going? Have you thought about go

6、ing to graduate school（研究所，研究院）? Perhaps you can get into Harvard.W: Everything is coming along really well. Ive been thinking about graduate school. But Ill talk to my tutor Dr. Garcia first and see what she thinks.Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?本题中句子相对比较长，但重点却非常突出地表现在转折之

7、后。5. 场景考查，如：W: Wow, I do like this campus. All the big trees, the green lawns, and the old buildings with tall columns（圆柱）. Its really beautiful.M: It sure is. The architecture of these buildings is in the Greek style. It was popular in the 18th century here.Q: What are the speakers talking about?场景

8、一直以来就是听力考试的重点所在，只是目前的考题中场景内容描述用词难度加大而已。短对话听力的特点和考查重点短对话听力的特点和考查重点 其他考点虽然考查较少，但依然值得注意，其中主要包括：态度考查、细节把握、数字时间、人物关系、言外之意、比较表达、近音词汇、词组词汇等。 就考试技巧而言，应该从考点着手，把握听力关键小词（转折、因果、时间、暗示等）、加强对关键句型的敏感度（反问、建议等）、忽略次要信息与混淆内容（量词、特殊疑问等）、积累场景相关词汇（家庭、学习、生活、工作、娱乐、用餐、天气、购物、医疗、交通等）。短对话听力的一些原则1. but题：转折词语后面易现考点 W: Im sure the

9、Smiths new house is somewhere on the street, but I dont know exactly where it is.M: But Im told its two blocks from their old home.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? D) The Smiths new house is not far from their old one. 短对话听力的一些原则2. well题：所接内容常为考点W: Professor, a few of us at the back didnt

10、get your copy of reading as assignment.M: Well, there are only 38 names on my class list. And I didnt bring any spare copies.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? C) Some of the students are not on the professors list.短对话听力的一些原则3. 建议请求题注意事项： 第二个人回答的态度往往比第一个人的提问重要得多，尤其要注意答语中的反问句 引导建议的小词：what abo

11、ut, how about, why not, why dont you, youd better, lets, shall we等1) W: If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis in the afternoon.M: Oh. I dont think itll last long. The weather forecast says it will cloud-over by mid-afternoon.Q: What does the man mean?

12、 A) They shouldnt change their plan.B) Theyd better change their mind. 注意相反项的处理。短对话听力的一些原则2) M: Washing dishes at the restaurant every day is really boring.W: Why dont you quiet and deliver flowers for me?Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?D) Leave his job to work for her.3) M: Alien is in

13、the basement trying to repair the washing machine.W: He isnt going to work his term paper?Q: What does woman think Alien should do? D) Finish his assignment.短对话听力的一些原则3. 数字时间题：常需要通过计算得出答案M: So, when are the other guys going to get here? The train is leaving in 10 minutes. We cant wait here forever!W

14、: Its 10:30 already? They are supposed to be here by now! I told everybody to meet here by 10:15.Q: When is the train leaving? C) At 10:40.短对话听力的一些原则4. 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家。女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、成绩都很好。M: Can I borrow

15、 your math textbook? I lost mine on the bus.W: Youve asked the right person. I happened to have an extra copy.Q: What does the woman mean? B) She can help the man out.短对话听力的一些原则11. 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习。12. 除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home/at Marys home之类的选项一般都是不对的。新闻报道文体特征时间顺序结构

16、：根据新闻事实发生的时间先后顺序做报道。多用于体育比赛，文艺演出，交通事故，灾难报道等包括三部分：导语（lead）按时间顺序叙述的新闻事实（facts）a. 结尾（ending） 句法特点：新闻报道一般采用结构简短的句子，但为了在一个句子中包含较多新闻信息，常采用合并句子（sentence combining）的方法，即把两句或两句以上的句子可包含的新闻事实放在一句话里，因此组成语法结构复杂、松散、冗长的句子。四大设题处1.新闻的首句。新闻命题点常常是新闻报道中所说到的6要素即为（what, who, which, where, when, how）,其中又有50%位于导语部分即第一句话，所以

17、每个新闻的第一句话非常重要。2. 新闻的尾句 。尾句有时是对新闻做总结或概述，所以设题点也可能在新闻的尾句。 3. 含有年代，数量，价格等数字处 。4. 新闻材料的列举处 。地区，改革，相关人物等信息的例举处往往是新闻的设题重点，而且往往是Except, Not, Incorrect等题型的首选。长对话听力的特点和考查重点 长对话其实是结合了短对话的考查点与语段题的出题分布而形成的所谓新题。 就其出题分布而言完全类似语段题的排布，一般会有一题整体把握，考查对话主题、人物关系或地点场景等。之后部分，若对话为多话题内容，则选择其中几个话题进行考查，这类似于语段题中说明文的考查特点；若对话内容为单一

18、事件的描述，则关注事件的起因、经过、结果等方面，这又类似于记叙文的考查特点；如果是调研性内容，则考点往往集中在被调研人的观点、意见、建议等方面，这又完全是议论文的考查模式。长对话听力的特点和考查重点可见，就考点位置而言，长对话完全类似于语段题，甚至可能比语段题简单一些，因为对话本身的特性决定了考查内容往往会出现在文中问答交替处，尤其是问题的回答部分，因此考生须对此部分引起注意。当然，就考点本身的特点而言，则完全可以模仿短对话中的反问、建议、原因等内容特色来出题，所谓“换汤不换药”，只是对话多几个回合罢了。 长对话听力的做题步骤1. “先纵后横”预测选项 1) 纵向确定场景（工作、学习、生活及旅

19、游）2) 横向排除干扰选项，了解每道小题的内容2. 解题三原则1) 开头原则：第一道题一般在开头部分2) 问答原则：回答的内容往往是答案所在3) 转折原则：转折词后的内容为关键内容例题解析Conversation OneW: Hello, Gary. Howre you?M: Fine! And yourself?W: Cant complain. Did you have time to look at my proposal(提议）?M: No, not really. Can we go over it now?W: Sure. Ive been trying to come up wi

20、th some new production and advertising strategies. First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory. New equipment shouldve been installed long ago. / (1)例题解析M: How much will that cost?W: We have several options ranging from one hundred thousand dollars all the way up t

21、o half a million.M: OK. Well have to discuss these costs with finance. / (2)W: We should also consider human resources. Ive been talking to personnel(人事部门）as well as our staff（职员） at the factory.M: And whats the picture?W: Well probably have to hire a couple of engineers to help us modernize the fac

22、tory. / (3)例题解析M: What about advertising?W: Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials.M: TV? Isnt that a bit too expensive for us? Whats wrong with advertising in the papers, as usual?W: Quite frankly, its just not enough anymore. We need to be more aggressive in order to keep

23、ahead of our competitors. / (4)M: Will we be able to afford all this?W: Ill look into（调查）it, but I think higher costs will be justified. These investments will result in higher profits for our company.M: Well have to look at the figures more closely. Have finance draw up a budget（预算） for these inves

24、tments.W: All right. Ill see to it. / (5)例题解析Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What are the two speakers talking about?20. What does the woman say about the equipment of their factory?21.What does the woman suggest about human resources?22. Why does the woman s

25、uggest advertising on TV?本文已用双斜杠划分成五段，分别对应一个话题的五个方面：设备、价格、人力资源、广告以及投资，其中第一段还包括了对话主题。四题中第一题是整体把握题，考查对话主题，出现在第一段最后一个问答处。第二题也在第一段中，考查了五个方面中的第一个方面，正因为是first，自然也最重要，因此借用了语段题中典型论据的特点。第三题在第三段人力资源的问答处，主要考查言外之意和建议句型的特点，该问题Whats the picture?是“计划情况如何”的意思。第四题则是对第四段广告部分中建议句型的考查。例题解析1. 预读备选项，从中推测文章的体裁和大致内容。2. 根据不同类型文章的重点大致推测考点可能出现的位置。3. 听语段，尤其要抓住标志词，确定考点。4. 听问题，将原文的意思对应选项。对应选项一般有四种情况，按难度依次为： 原词复现：选项的用词和原文完全一样； 同义复现：选项用同义词（组）替换原文中的词（组）； 近义复现：选项与原文意思相近，但