时间状语从句练习

1、一般来说,时间状语从句常由连词 when, before, after, as soon as或 until 等引导。在使用时,从句 一般不用一般将来时态。若主句为一般将来时态或是含有将来的意味时,时间状语从句常用一般现在时态 来代替将来,即“主将从现”1. when连接的时间状语从句when 相当于汉语的“当时候” 。 when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态,而只是把它作为一 个时间点,所以 when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时,则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时,它表 示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。 根据这一点, 有的文章补充说:when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。 这种说法

2、也可以参照。2. before/after连接的时间状语从句before 表示“在之前” , after 表示“在这后” 。3. as soon as连接的时间状语从句as soon as表示“一就” ,强调动作紧密相连。4. until连接的时间状语从句until 表示一个动作一直持续到某一时刻,即“直到” 。5. while连接的时间状语从句while 连接时间状语时,表示主句的行为在从句行为过程之中发生。由于 while 从句表示一个持续的 行为,所以从句中要用持续性动词或状态动词,并且持续性动词常用进行时态 while 从句的侧重点在于描 述动作正在发生的状态, 它的意思是:当 whi

3、le 事件正在发生的时候, 另一件事如何如何。 所以, while 从 句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求,根据具体情况而定。 。几组引导词的辨析1. till, until和 notuntil(1 until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动词 , 表示动作或状态一直持 续到 until/till所表示的时间 , 意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止” 。如:We waited until he came.直到他来,我才买了这本书。(2 用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始” 。 如:I didn t

4、 buy this book until he came. 直到他回来我才买了这本书。(3 till不可以置于句首,而 until 可以。如:Until you told me I had no idea of it. 知道你告诉我我才知道这件事。(4 not until 句型中的倒装和强调说法:Not until he came did I buy this book. 直到他回来我才买了这本书It was not until he came that I bought this book. 直到他回来我才买了这本书2. when, while 和 as(1 when引导的从句的谓语动词可以

5、是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。并且 when 有时表示“就 在那时” 。例如:When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我停止吃饭。 (瞬时动词 When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时,我常常为他担水。 (延续性的动词We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开,就在那时他进来了。(2 while 引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的, 并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生 (或者相对应 . 并且 whi

6、le 有时还可以表示对比。例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动 词, was reading和 was watching同时发生 I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。 (对比(3 As表示“一边一边” , as 引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生; as 也可以强调“一先一后。 as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生,另一件事也正在进行当中。

7、 但与 while 从句不同的是, as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时,而只是一般过去时。 as 从句一般可以翻译 成“边边” 。例如:We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。 (as 表示“一边一边” As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了。 (as 强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定 时间3. before和 after由 before 和 after 引导的时间状语从句。 注意 before 引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语, 并且当 before 引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“

8、就,才” 。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时, 从句总是用现在时; 如果 before 引导的主句谓语用的是过去完成时, 则从句动词多用一般过去时,这样以 便体现动作发生的先后。 After 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与 before 引导的从句相反。例如:It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. 爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。My father had left for Ca

9、nada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。They had not been married four months before they were divorced.他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的。After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后,我们回家了。 (从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时4. till和 unt

10、il由 till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句。 till 和 until 一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中 多用 until 。并且要注意的是:如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓 语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。 till 不可以用在句首,而 until 可以放在句首。例如:I didn't go to bed until(till my father came back. 直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to

11、 teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。I didn't work until he came back. 他回来我这才开始工作。Please wait until I arrived. 在我到达之前请等我。班级:姓名:练习:在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词1. _ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been.2. _ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully.3. I saw h

12、er just _ she was getting off the train.4. Have a good look at that man _ you pass him.5. It was already eight o'clock _ we got there.6. I was about to go out _ a visitor came.7. We'll go to the country at the beginning of June, _ the summer harvest will start.8. He learned to speak German _

13、 he was in Berlin.9. Henry is in charge of the office _ Mr. Smith is away.10. I listen to the recorder _ I have time. 11. He had learned Chinese _ he came to China. 12. _ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience.13. I haven't seen him _ he moved to the other side of the town.14. I wai

14、ted _ he came back.15. It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him.16. She likes everything to be in place _ she starts to work.17. The thieves ran away _ they caught sight of the police.18. They decided to go back home _ their money ran out.19. We played outside till sunset, _ it began to rain 。20. _ I get to the airport, I will phone you to pick me up.21. They were about to leave _ it began to