高一英语-Unit4-Earthquake-Pre-reading-and-Reading课件-人教版大纲

1、Unit 4earthquake well pipeburstmillion eventnationn. 地震地震n. 井井n. 管；导管管；导管vi. 爆裂；爆发爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发n. 百万百万n. 事件；大事事件；大事n. 民族；国家；国民民族；国家；国民Words previewcanalsteamdirtruinsufferingextremeinjure n. 运河运河; 水道水道n. 蒸汽；水汽蒸汽；水汽n. 污垢；泥土污垢；泥土n. 废墟；毁灭废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产毁灭；使破产n. 苦难；痛苦苦难；痛苦adj. 极度的极度的 vt. 损害；伤害损

2、害；伤害Words previewdestroybrickdamtrackuselessshockrescuevt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭破坏；毁坏；消灭n. 砖；砖块砖；砖块 n. 水坝；堰堤水坝；堰堤n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹轨道；足迹；痕迹adj. 无用的；无效的无用的；无效的vt. & vi. (使使)震惊；震动震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊休克；打击；震惊 n. & vt. 援救；营救援救；营救 Words previewtrapelectricitydisasterburymineminersheltervt. 使陷入困境使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境陷阱；困境n. 电；电流；电学电；电流；

3、电学 n. 灾难；灾祸灾难；灾祸 vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋葬；掩埋；隐藏n. 矿；矿山；矿井矿；矿山；矿井n. 矿工矿工n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处Words previewright away as ifat an endin ruinsdig out立刻；马上立刻；马上仿佛；好象仿佛；好象结束；终结结束；终结严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪掘出掘出Expressions preview1 Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have tine to take

4、only one thing. What wil you take? Why?What strange things do you think may happen before an earthquake? well wallmicepondwellbrickcanaldamAnimals are too nervous, such as cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, etc. What strange events happened before the earthquake in Tang Shan?In the wellIn the farmyardI

5、n the skyIn the city well water, cracks ,smelly gaschickens, pigs , mice , fish bright light ,the sound of planeswater pipesnervous to eat, run out, jump cracked and burst rose and fell, came out of地震，特别是强烈地震之前，总会地震，特别是强烈地震之前，总会出现一些异常现象，人们把与地震出现一些异常现象，人们把与地震发生有密切联系的异常现象称之为发生有密切联系的异常现象称之为地震的前兆。地震的前兆。

6、 下面这首民谣是群众在长期预测下面这首民谣是群众在长期预测地震中的总结，细读一下，对观察地地震中的总结，细读一下，对观察地震是有极大好处的。震是有极大好处的。 震 前 动 物 有 预 兆 ， 群 测 群 防 很 重 要 。震 前 动 物 有 预 兆 ， 群 测 群 防 很 重 要 。 牛 羊 骡 马 不 进 圈 ， 猪 不 吃 食 狗 乱 咬 。牛 羊 骡 马 不 进 圈 ， 猪 不 吃 食 狗 乱 咬 。 鸭 不 下 水 岸 上 闹 ， 鸡 乱 上 树 高 声 叫 。鸭 不 下 水 岸 上 闹 ， 鸡 乱 上 树 高 声 叫 。 冰 天 雪 地 蛇 出 洞 ， 大 猫 携 着 小 猫 跑 。

7、冰 天 雪 地 蛇 出 洞 ， 大 猫 携 着 小 猫 跑 。 兔 子 竖 耳 蹦 又 撞 ， 鱼 跃 水 面 惶 惶 跳 。兔 子 竖 耳 蹦 又 撞 ， 鱼 跃 水 面 惶 惶 跳 。 蜜 峰 群 迁 闹 轰 轰 ， 鸽 子 惊 飞 不 回 巢 。蜜 峰 群 迁 闹 轰 轰 ， 鸽 子 惊 飞 不 回 巢 。 家家户户都观察，综合异常作预报。家家户户都观察，综合异常作预报。 -There is often a great sound. -Animals too nervous to eat.-There are bright lights in the sky.-A smelly gas

8、may come out of the well.-Water pipes may crack or burst.strange things before an earthquakeImagine there has been a big earthquake, what will happen to the things around us?cracks, cut across houses, roads and canals, fall down, lie in ruins, destroy, damage, loss 震前应做哪些准备？地震来临，震前应做哪些准备？地震来临，在民房中、在

9、公共场所怎么避震？在民房中、在公共场所怎么避震？专家提出，学习必要的防震知识，专家提出，学习必要的防震知识，提高防震意识，做好防震准备，提高防震意识，做好防震准备，对更好地保护身处险境的自己大对更好地保护身处险境的自己大有好处。有好处。 地震来临地震来临, 我们如何保护自己呢我们如何保护自己呢? 地震前应做好防震准备，如清理杂物，地震前应做好防震准备，如清理杂物，保持门口、楼道畅通；固定高大家具，将重物下保持门口、楼道畅通；固定高大家具，将重物下置，防止倾倒伤人；准备电筒、创可贴、水等物置，防止倾倒伤人；准备电筒、创可贴、水等物品，做成家庭防震包；腾空牢固家具的下方，以品，做成家庭防震包；腾空

10、牢固家具的下方，以备藏身。备藏身。 地震来临时，最重要的是要保持冷静，并地震来临时，最重要的是要保持冷静，并灵活选择藏身之所：震时应就近躲避，震后迅速撤灵活选择藏身之所：震时应就近躲避，震后迅速撤离到安全地方；室内避震时应选择易于形成三角空离到安全地方；室内避震时应选择易于形成三角空间的地方避震，如内墙墙根、墙角等，或躲避到厨间的地方避震，如内墙墙根、墙角等，或躲避到厨房、厕所、储藏室等开间小的地方。震时切记不要房、厕所、储藏室等开间小的地方。震时切记不要跳楼、不要站到阳台上和窗边。跳楼、不要站到阳台上和窗边。 学生在教室上课时遇到地震，学生在教室上课时遇到地震，老师应疏导学生迅速抱头躲在课桌

11、老师应疏导学生迅速抱头躲在课桌旁，待地震过后迅速撤离；在操场的旁，待地震过后迅速撤离；在操场的学生可原地蹲下，注意避开附近高学生可原地蹲下，注意避开附近高大建筑物或危险物，不要回到教室中。大建筑物或危险物，不要回到教室中。 在商场、影剧院等公共场所遇到在商场、影剧院等公共场所遇到地震时，应尽快找到结实的柜台、低地震时，应尽快找到结实的柜台、低矮家具或柱子边、内墙角等处就地蹲矮家具或柱子边、内墙角等处就地蹲下，同时注意预防高空落物伤人。下，同时注意预防高空落物伤人。 在户外遇到地震时，应就地选择开在户外遇到地震时，应就地选择开阔地蹲下，并注意避开变压器、电线阔地蹲下，并注意避开变压器、电线杆、广

12、告牌、高烟囱、水塔、过街桥、杆、广告牌、高烟囱、水塔、过街桥、立交桥等构筑物。立交桥等构筑物。 Talk about the great earthquakes that have ever happened in the world? What damages they caused?Natural disasters occur throughout the world, and China has a particular problem with earthquakes. Tangshan earthquake in 1976 is a case in point. An earthq

13、uake measuring 8 Richter hits Wenchuan County of Chinas Sichuan Province on May 12 this year. So it is especially important to take steps to reduce the damage caused by quakes.Seismology: the study of Quake recordingsSeismologist:the person who studies quakes.Seismometer:the machine to record seismi

14、c waves.Zhang Heng in Han Dynasty:the inventor of the 1st seismology1. Why is the title called A Night the Earth Didnt Sleep?2. When and where did the earthquake happen?Read the text silently and quickly and try to get the information about the following questions.A the army came to help themB the q

15、uake happened while they were sleepingC they were nervousD dames and wells were uselessE they didnt know the quake caused the strange things1 The chickens didnt eat because2 Before the earthquake the people didnt worry because3 Such a great number of people died because4 Water was needed because5 Th

16、e people did not lose hope becauseRead the text aloud and join the correct parts of the sentences.Read the passage again and make a timeline.TimeEventthree days before the earthquakeat 3:42 am Later that afternoonafter that TimeEventthree daysbefore theearthquakesaw: crackswater in the wellsrose and

17、 fell,animalstoo nervous; hidefish jumped out of bowls &ponds; bright light in the sky;water pipes cracked and burstheard: sound of planessmelt: smelly gas in the cracks of the wells TimeEventat 3:42 am Later that afternoonfelt: everything shookone-third nation felt itheard: in Beijing 100 km. aways

18、aw: a huge crack cut acrosshouses, roadssteam burstfrom holes in the ground hardhills of rock-rivers of dirtcity lay in ruins TimeEventa f t e r that hope not lostarmy sent 150,000 soldiers workers built shelters forsurvivorsfresh water taken to the city Strange things happened before the earthquake

19、.Main idea of the textThe earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan.The army came to help the survivors.ParagraphParagraph 2&3Paragraph 4Part1Part2Part3to get the main idea, you should pay special attention to the beginning and ending sentences in each paragraph1Suppose the earth begins to shake wha

20、t will you do to protect yourself? Discuss the following open question in group of four If at school : Hide under a desk or table. Face away from windows. If at home: Hide under a heavy table or bed. Sit in a corner, away from doors, windows, ect. Life is beautiful.We must love our lives.In an earth

21、quake SPEED IS LIFE.Lets practise hiding.Filling the blacks with the first given letter:Several days before July 28, 1976, many s_things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the e_. But people in the city of Tangshan didnt think m_of these. At 3:42am that day,the earth began to s_,which d_the c

22、ity. trangearthquakeuchhakeestroyedMany people,including workers and doctors,came to r_those t_under the ruins. Later that afternoon,another big earthquake struck Tangshan. More people were killed or injured and more buildings f_down. Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers. T_were organi

23、zed to dig out the trapped and b_the dead.escuerappedelleamsuryadv. 好好; 令人满意地令人满意地 She sings well. 她歌唱得很好。她歌唱得很好。n. 井井; 水井水井 The old well in the village had awall around it . 村里的古井有井栏围绕。村里的古井有井栏围绕。1 wellThe balloon suddenly burst.burst into + n. Some robbers burst into that house.burst out + doing T

24、hey burst out laughing.2 burst : to come open or fly apart suddenly 爆裂爆裂; 爆发爆发 Burst & Crackburst v. (使使)破裂破裂; (使）爆使）爆炸炸crack v. (使使)裂开裂开 n. 裂缝裂缝1. The windows was cracked but not broken. 窗玻璃裂了但没有碎。窗玻璃裂了但没有碎。2. The balloon burst . 气球吹炸了。气球吹炸了。burst burstThe war was at an end.at the end of 在在尽头，在尽头，在

25、末末Go straight and youll find the hospital at the end of the road.by the end of 直到直到末末,到到结束的结束的时候，主句一般用完成时时候，主句一般用完成时in the end 最后、终于最后、终于3 at an end (=finished) 结束结束; 终结终结1. His father will return home _ this year.2. He tried various jobs and_ became a teacher.3. How many English words had you learn

26、ed _ last term?4. I must warn you that my patience is almost_. at the end ofin the endby the end ofat an endAn earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins .in ruins : severely damaged or destroyed 毁坏毁坏; 严重受损严重受损; 破败不堪破败不堪4 ruin n. 毁灭毁灭; 崩溃崩溃; 覆灭覆灭The castle has fallen into ruins .

27、 5 injure v. to hurt oneself / sb / sth physicallyHe fell off the bicycle and injured his arm.She was serious injured in a road accident.6 destroy v. The fire destroyed most of the building.honour (honor. Am) n.荣誉荣誉honourable adj. 荣誉的荣誉的; 光荣的光荣的an honourable duty 荣誉的职位荣誉的职位destroyer 破坏者破坏者, 消灭者消灭者,

28、驱逐舰队驱逐舰队 damage destroy ruindamage vt. to harm or spoil sth.指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用或指使用价值有所降低。价值有所降低。Compare:Many buildings were badly damaged during the war.n. U harm or injury +to sth. 1 Strong winds had caused serious damageto the roof.2 The doctors were worried that he might have suffered

29、 brain damage.1 Most of the old part of the city was destroyed by bombs during the war.2 The accident seemed to have completely / totally destroyed his confidence.destroy vt. to damage sth. so badly thatit does not exist or cannot be used 彻底破坏彻底破坏, 摧毁以致不可能修复摧毁以致不可能修复, 也可指希望、计划等破灭。也可指希望、计划等破灭。ruin表示破

30、坏严重表示破坏严重,以致不能修复以致不能修复,但这但这种破坏不像种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物那样毁灭某物,而是而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作名词时用作名词时,它表示它表示 “毁灭毁灭”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “废墟废墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用也有借喻的用法。法。ruin vt.1 to spoil or destroy severely or completely 使毁灭使毁灭;使崩溃使崩溃;弄糟弄糟 a Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline

31、.b Her injury ruined her chances of winning the race.2 to cause a person or company to lose all their money or their reputation 使破产使破产; 毁灭毁灭a Cheap imported goods are ruining many businesses.b If theres a scandal Ill be ruined!1 U when sth. is spoilt or destroyed 毁坏；毁坏；毁灭毁灭The company is facing ruin

32、. 2C the broken parts that are left from an old building or town废墟废墟We visited a Roman ruin.the ruins of the ancient city of Carthageruin n.harm 的含义侧重于的含义侧重于“损害，伤害损害，伤害”，可，可指精神或肉体的伤害，程度较轻指精神或肉体的伤害，程度较轻Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light. injure指指“损害，受伤损害，受伤”，着重容貌、机，着重容貌、机能的损坏，例如：能的损坏，例如：She

33、was injured badly in the accident. 事故中她受了伤。事故中她受了伤。词义辨析 harm, injure, hurt, woundhurt指指“伤害；刺痛伤害；刺痛”，尤指在精神，尤指在精神或肉体上的伤害，含有强烈的疼痛或肉体上的伤害，含有强烈的疼痛No feelings were hurt though the criticism was sharp. 批评虽然尖锐，却批评虽然尖锐，却未伤感情。未伤感情。wound指外伤，如枪伤指外伤，如枪伤,刀伤刀伤,剑伤剑伤,尤指尤指在战斗中受伤。在战斗中受伤。Their criticisms _him deeply.Sm

34、oking will _his health.He was slightly _in the car accident.He got _in the fighting.What you said _my feeling.have hurtinjuredinjuredwoundedhurt7 rescue(n.) an act of rescuing or being rescued 搭救搭救; 解救解救A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped mines.They came to our rescue when we were in danger .(v.) to save or set free from harm, danger, or loss 救出救出; 解救解救 He rescued the man from drowning.8 sheltern. 庇护所庇护所; 避难所避难所; 遮蔽物遮蔽物 a shelter for the homeless In the storm I took shelter under a tree .v. 庇护庇护; 掩蔽掩蔽; 保护保护 The plants must b