高中英语：Working_the_land—Grammar课件(新人教版必修4)

1、Unit 2 Working the landGrammarWhy ? developed super hybrid rice But he leads a simple life Find and underline the sentences in the passage that use ing forms as either the subject or the object . He enjoys listening to violin music , playing mah-jong , swimming and reading . Spending money on himsel

2、f or leading acomfortable life also means very little to him . object subject Since then , finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal . As a young man , he saw the great need for increasing the rice output . Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area o

3、f the fields . Just dreaming for things , however , costs nothing . However, he doesnt care about being famous, Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people . subject object object subject object object 一一. 动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语的用法 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动动

4、名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作作, 谓语动词用单数。如：谓语动词用单数。如： Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty. Working with you is a pleasure. V-ing vs. infinitive as Subject 1. _ English is not so easy. _ English well this year is not so possible. (A.To learn/ B.Learning) 2._ chess is fun.(A.To play/ B.playing)A/ BAB1）作主

5、语时，不定式与动名词一般可以通用。2）表示一种普遍性的事情或一种经验和体会，一般用动名词作主语：3）表示具体动作（指句中有具体的时间、频率、地点、方式状语）或将来的动作不定式作主语。动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：作形式主语。如： To learn English well isnt very easy . Helping her is my duty. Working with you is a pleasure. It is my duty helping her. It is a pleasure working wit

6、h you . It isnt very easy to learn English well. 不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：将来的动作。如： Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。覆水难收。 He realized that to go on like this was wrong.（指抽象动作）（指抽象动作）（指具体动作）（指具体动作）【考例】 What do you think made Mary so upset？ _ her new bicycle（1997上海高考题）上海高考题） A. A

7、s she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 解析：解析：losing her new bicycle是句子的是句子的主语，谓语主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，被省略，losing 在此表示具体的动作。在此表示具体的动作。 It isnt worth _ that program. A. to watch B. watched C. watching D. being watching It is/was worth doing此外还有一些相似的句型：此外还有一些相似的句型： It is a waste of time

8、doing It is a waste of time arguing about it. Its no good/use/need doing . 做做 是没益处是没益处/ /没用没用/ / 没必要的没必要的 Its no use waiting here. * It is no need telling her the news. There is no need _ her the news. There is no need to do sth 干没必要，to do 不可换为doing.特别注意一些只能用特别注意一些只能用V-V-inging做的句型做的句型to tell3. 3. 在

9、在there be no+ there be no+ v-ingv-ing结构中作主语结构中作主语 这事不是开玩笑的。这事不是开玩笑的。There is no joking about the matter.其他其他常见类似句型：常见类似句型： V- ing 做宾语做宾语There is no sense in doing sth. 做做没有道理没有道理There is no point （in） doing sth 做做没有意义没有意义There is no good/use in doing sth. 做做没有好处没有好处/用处用处There is nothing worse than d

10、oing sth没有比没有比更糟糕的更糟糕的没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。There is nothing worse than _.考试作弊没有任何意义。考试作弊没有任何意义。There is no point _ in the exam.failing in the examin cheating二二. 动名词作宾语的用法动名词作宾语的用法 1可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住。口诀记住。避免错过少延期（避免错过少延期（ avoid, miss, postpone)建议完成多练习（建议完成多练习（advise,

11、 finish, practice)喜欢想象禁不住（喜欢想象禁不住（enjoy, imagine, cant help)承认否定与嫉妒承认否定与嫉妒 （admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅（逃避冒险莫原谅（escape, risk, excuse)忍受保持不介意（忍受保持不介意（stand, keep, mind)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如feel like, appreciate, forgive, cant stand（不能忍（不能忍受）受）, consider，get down to, give up, insist o

12、n, keep (on), look forward to, devote to, pay attention to, stick to(坚持）坚持）, mention, miss（错过）（错过）put off(推迟，阻止推迟，阻止), get used to, suggest, object to (反对），反对）， be good at, lead to 等等。等等。 【考例考例】 I cant imagine _ that with them（MET 1986） A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing She looks forward every s

13、pring to _ the flower-lined garden（1995上海高考题上海高考题） A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 解析：解析：考查短语动词考查短语动词 look forward to 后跟动名词作宾语的用法。后跟动名词作宾语的用法。 动词-ing形式作宾语 在有些动词的后面，如：start，begin, continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 He continued working/ to work as if nothing had happened.在love, ha

14、te, prefer, like 等动词后接动名形式作宾语指经常性的情况，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.I preferred staying at home when it rained.动名词做主语/宾语要注意的事项: 1.有些动词或词组后跟动名词或不定式都可以但有些动词或词组后跟动名词或不定式都可以但是意思不同。是意思不同。 forget regret remember to do doing 已经发生的动作已经发生的动作将要发生的动作将要发生的动作be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事不敢做某事

15、be afraid of doing sth. 害怕发生害怕发生go on doing 继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事go on to do 接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事意味着要做某事mean to do 想要做某事想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下来去做别的事停下来去做别的事try doing 试着做某事试着做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事

16、禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事_both to do and doing manage expect decide seem offer imagine suggest avoid admit practise hate love prefer remem-ber regret promise , enjoy , fail , try , finish , hope , stop , begin , afford , forget , like , mind , miss , start , plan , keep to do doing promis

17、e fail hope afford plan enjoyfinishmindmisskeep trystopbegin forgetlike start 【考例】 Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet（MET 1985） A. study B. to study C. for studying D. studying 解析：解析：stop studying意为意为“停止学习停止学习”。 Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me th

18、e story yesterday？（？（1999上海高上海高考题）考题） A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 解析解析: remember telling me意为意为“记得曾经告诉过我记得曾经告诉过我”。 2. 当当 need, want, require, worth, deserve +doing表示被动表示被动(= to be done)。 Your hair wants cutting.=Your hair wants to be cut. 你的头发该理了。你的头发该理了。The floor requires washing.

19、 地板需要冲洗。地板需要冲洗。动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not， 带有逻辑主语时not 应放在动词-ing 形式之前。 Excuse me for my not coming on time. Im sorry for not having kept my promise. Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad. Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.动词-ing形式的复合结构用形容词性物主代词/名词所有格 做 v

20、-ing 的逻辑主语 主语； sbs + V ing 表示某人的某个行为，状况等 Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried. It s a waste of time your talking to him.宾语： Would you mind my opening the window我姐姐病了，使我很担心。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 _ made we worried.My sisters being ill1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish

21、_ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repairedExcersice2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing3. The classroom wants _. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning4. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A