2016中考英语 考点聚焦 第43讲 任务型阅读课件 人教新目标版

1、人教版人教版英语英语第43讲任务型阅读You probably talk to friends more than you talk to your parents.Thats natural.Still，most of us want a parents help，advice，and support at times.But talking to the parents may be difficult or terribleespecially when it comes to certain subjects.Here are some suggestions to make it e

2、asier.Talk about everyday stuffand do it every day.The_more_you_do_something，the_easier_it_gets.Talking to parents about everyday stuff builds a bond that can help you discuss something more serious with them later.Find something to chat (聊天) about each day.Talk about how yourteam did at the sports

3、meet.Share something one of your teachers said.Even small talk about whats for dinner can keep your relationship comfortable.Its never too late to start.If your relationship with your parents makes you feel nervous，try getting into conversations slowly.Mention the cute thing the dog did.Talk about h

4、ow well your little sister is doing in math.Chatting with parents every day not only keeps the present relationship strong，it also can help a mightbeworse relationship get better.When parents feel connected to your daily life，they can be there for you if something really important _.1What is the tex

5、t mainly about？(根据短文内容回答问题根据短文内容回答问题)(Some_suggestions/advice_on)_How_to_build_(develop)_a_good_(great)_relationship_with_your_(our)_parents./How_to_get_along_well_with_your_parents.2Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.(请将请将文中画线句子翻译成汉语文中画线句子翻译成汉语)你做得越多你做得越多，事情就越容易。事情就越容易。3Please li

6、st two advantages of chatting with parents every day according to Paragraph 4.(请根据第四段内容列举与父母聊请根据第四段内容列举与父母聊天的两个好处天的两个好处)(1)It_can_keep_the_present_relationship_strong.(2)It_can_help_a_mightbeworse_relationship_get_better.4Please fill in the blank at the end of the text with a proper word or phrase.(

7、请在文末空白处填入一个适当的词或短语请在文末空白处填入一个适当的词或短语)comes_up/appears/happens5Please write one more sentence about what you did with your parents in your daily life.(请结合实际请结合实际，写一个英语句子描写一个英语句子描述你和父母曾做过的一件事述你和父母曾做过的一件事，不得重复文中内容不得重复文中内容)We_had_a_picnic_together_last_month./.任务型阅读不仅可以测试考生的语言知识水平和阅读能力，它还可以测试考生对必须知道的普通生

8、活常识的了解，其特点是考查的内容丰富多彩，题型设计多种多样。在答题时，首先要用阅读材料所提供的信息进行分析处理，然后再按要求完成各项任务。常见题型有判断型、还原型、匹配型、完成句子型、完成表格型、回答问题型和其他任务型等。判断型：首先，要把握每个待定句子的含义；其次，要通读短文，把握文章大意，明确作者的观点和态度；再通过寻读法在原文中找出与每个问题相关的段落与词句，与这些段落、词句意思相符或与作者观点相同的，可判断为正确的，否则，就是错误的。【例1】 阅读短文，判断句子正误。正确的写“T”；错误的写“F”。(2015，长春)Today，people use the Internet to sh

9、op，play games，make friends and read the news.Many young people cant imagine life without it.Most older people，on the other hand，think the Internet is only 10 or 15 years old.In fact，the Internet has been used for a much longer time than most people think.In 1957，the United States was in the middle o

10、f the Cold War.The Soviet Union (苏联) had sent up the first satellite (卫星)，named Sputnik，into space.This meant the Soviets were ahead of the US. in technology.Americans were afraid.Scientists in the army of America started developing ideas for protecting the country.One of the ideas was a network (网络

11、) that would let people across the country communicate by using computers.The network took more than ten years to develop.It was first tried out in 1969.For another twenty years，it was used only by scientists who worked with the US. government，and by some engineers.Then，in 1990，the army of America g

12、ave the control of the Internet to the National Science Foundation.The Internet then became available to colleges all over the United States and to scientists across Europe.The biggest change in the way that people use the Internet came in 1992.For the first time，the Internet was opened to the gener

13、al public，creating what is now known as the World Wide Web.Soon，people began finding all kinds of different things they could do on the Internet.Today，no one government controls the Internet and it just gets bigger and bigger.It makes our world different.1In fact，the Internet has been used for a muc

14、h longer time than most people think.2Scientists in the US.started developing ideas for protecting the environment in 1957.3After more than ten years development，the network was first tried out in 1969.4In 1990，the Internet became available to colleges all over Europe.5Today，many governments are in

15、control of the Internet and it gets bigger and bigger.【短文大意】【短文大意】本文介绍了因特网的发展历史。在本文介绍了因特网的发展历史。在1957年年，美国美国正处于冷战时期。出于军事目的正处于冷战时期。出于军事目的，美国的科学家建了一个军用网美国的科学家建了一个军用网，这就是因特网的前身。后来这就是因特网的前身。后来，因特网逐步流行起来因特网逐步流行起来，并逐渐渗并逐渐渗入社会各个部门。今天入社会各个部门。今天，网络成了我们生活中不可缺少的一个重网络成了我们生活中不可缺少的一个重要组成部分。要组成部分。解析：解析：1.我我们们可用可用“细

16、节细节理解法理解法”解答本解答本题题。由第一段的最后。由第一段的最后一句一句In fact，the Internet has been used for a much longer time than most people think.可知可知，实际实际上上，因特网比大多数人因特网比大多数人认为认为的的使用使用时间时间更更长长，故本句正确。故本句正确。2我我们们可用可用“细节细节理解法理解法”解答本解答本题题。由第二段的倒数第二。由第二段的倒数第二句句Scientists in the army of America started developing ideas for protecti

17、ng the country.可知可知，在在1957年年，美国的科学家是美国的科学家是为为了保了保卫卫国家而开始提出一些想法国家而开始提出一些想法，而不是而不是为为了保了保护环护环境境，故本句故本句错误错误。3我我们们可用可用“细节细节理解法理解法”解答本解答本题题。由第三段的第一、二。由第三段的第一、二句句The network took more than ten years to develop.It was first tried out in 1969.(网网络络开开发发花花费费了十年了十年多的多的时间时间，在在1969年第一年第一次次试试用。用。)可知本句正确。可知本句正确。4我我

18、们们可用可用“细节细节理解法理解法”解答本解答本题题。由第三段的最后两句。由第三段的最后两句Then，in 1990，the army of America gave the control of the Internet to the National Science Foundation.The Internet then became available to colleges all over the United States and to scientists across Europe.可知可知，1990年因特网在全美国的大学被使年因特网在全美国的大学被使用用，而不是在全欧洲的大

19、学被使用而不是在全欧洲的大学被使用，故本句故本句错误错误。5我我们们可用可用“细节细节理解法理解法”解答本解答本题题。由最后一段的倒数第。由最后一段的倒数第二句二句Today，no one government controls the Internet and it just gets bigger and bigger.可知可知，今天没有一个政府控制因特网今天没有一个政府控制因特网，它它变变得越来越大得越来越大，故本句故本句错误错误。答案：答案：1._T_2._F_3._T_4_F_5._F_阅读下列短文阅读下列短文，判断正判断正(A)误误(B)。An important part of

20、learning something is making sure you plan your time and use it well.If you want to remember things well，you need to review information youve learned.Try to follow the advice：( )1.When learning something，youd better make a plan first.( )2.Make sure to review as much as possible every time.( )3.Youll

21、 feel more awake after a 45minute break while studying.( )4.If you worry too much，you cant learn well.( )5.You should stay up late the night before exams.ABBAB 还原型：还原型：1要在理解全文的基础上要在理解全文的基础上，把握段落与段落之间、句子与句把握段落与段落之间、句子与句子之间的行文关系和逻辑关系。子之间的行文关系和逻辑关系。2找出突破口找出突破口，先还原位置较明显的句子先还原位置较明显的句子，然后把其余的句然后把其余的句子逐一回归

22、原文。对于模棱两可的句子子逐一回归原文。对于模棱两可的句子，可试着回归原文可试着回归原文，反复反复诵读上下文诵读上下文，判断其位置是否恰当。判断其位置是否恰当。3将所有的句子都还原到短文中后将所有的句子都还原到短文中后，再通读全文再通读全文，检查文章检查文章是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。【例【例2】 根据短文内容根据短文内容，将将AD填入填入14小处小处，然后完成第然后完成第5小小题。题。(2015，兰兰州州)Earthquakes usually come without warning.What should you do if this happens to you？A

23、n earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect yourself.Stay calm as the earth begins to shake.Your chances of survival (幸存；存活幸存；存活) in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm.1._2._ You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects.Do not

24、stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen.The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects.3._ Stay away from buildings and trees.If you are in a car，pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car.If you are close to the sea，try to get as far

25、away from the water as possible.Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm the people nearby.4._ For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake.If you see a fire，quickly move outdoors to an open area.Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.AIf you are outside，g

26、et to an open area as fast as you can.BStaying calm is not easy，but it can save your life.CIf you are inside when the earthquake starts，get under a table or a bed.DWhen the earthquake is over，there is still plenty of danger.5What is the passage mainly about?AThe ways to protect yourself when an eart

27、hquake happens.BThe ways to stay away from tall buildings.CThe ways to stay calm.DThe ways to move outdoors to an open area.【短文大意】【短文大意】本文主要介绍了地震来临时该如何保护自己。首本文主要介绍了地震来临时该如何保护自己。首先要保持冷静；在室内时先要保持冷静；在室内时，躲到桌子或床底下躲到桌子或床底下，保护自己免受落保护自己免受落物的伤害物的伤害，远离墙壁、窗户和厨房；在室外时远离墙壁、窗户和厨房；在室外时，要到空旷的区域要到空旷的区域，远离高大建筑物、海边和树木

28、；当地震结束时远离高大建筑物、海边和树木；当地震结束时，要注意防火。要注意防火。解析：解析：1.由本段的前两句句意由本段的前两句句意“当地面开始晃当地面开始晃动时动时，要保持冷静要保持冷静。如果你能保持冷静。如果你能保持冷静，在地震中你存活的机会就会有所提升在地震中你存活的机会就会有所提升”可可知知，本段主要本段主要强调强调当当地震来地震来临时临时保持冷静的重要性保持冷静的重要性，分析各分析各选项选项可知可知B符合文意。符合文意。2由空格后面的句子由空格后面的句子You need to have something strong around you to protect you from f

29、alling objects.(你需要在你周你需要在你周围围有有结实结实的的东东西来保西来保护护你免受落物的你免受落物的伤伤害。害。) )可知可知选选C。3由由Stay away from buildings and trees.(远远离建筑物和离建筑物和树树木木。)中的中的buildings and trees可知是在可知是在谈论谈论室外的情况室外的情况，由此可由此可知答案知答案选选A。4由由For example，gas fire often comes with an earthquake.(例如例如，煤气火灾煤气火灾经经常伴随着地震常伴随着地震发发生。生。)可知此可知此处处是是对对危危

30、险险情情况的况的举举例例，故故D符合此符合此处处文意。文意。5我我们们可用可用“主旨大意法主旨大意法”解答本解答本题题。本。本题题是一道主旨大意是一道主旨大意题题，做做这这种种类类型的型的题题目目时时要要学会找中心句。通常情况下学会找中心句。通常情况下，中心句中心句在第一段或最后一段出在第一段或最后一段出现现。由第一段的最后一句。由第一段的最后一句An earthquake is dangerous，but there are still things you can do to protect yourself.(地震是危地震是危险险的的，但是你仍然可以做一些事情来保但是你仍然可以做一些事情

31、来保护护自己自己。)可知本可知本题选题选A。答案：答案：1._B_2._C_3._A_4_D_5._A_Why is setting goals (目标) important？Because goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life.Instead of just letting life happen to you，goals allow you to make your life happen.Successful people in life imagine how their life should

32、 be and set lots of goals._6_ Its like having a sign to show you where you want to go.Think of it in this way.There are two drivers.One has a place to go to clearly in mind which can be found on a map.He can drive straight there without any wasted time.The other driver has no goal，or a map._7_ But h

33、e drives aimlessly (漫无目的地) around，never getting anywhere，just using up oil.Which driver do you want to be?_8_ They decide what they want in life and then get there by setting goals and making plans.Unsuccessful people usually just let life happen by accident.Goals arent difficult to set and they are

34、nt difficult to reach._9_ You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it._10_ They are harder to forget.Also when you write your goals in your own way，you are able to make yourse

35、lf realize situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.根据材料内容根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整使短文意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。号后的横线上。AWritten goals can be reviewed usually.BHe starts off at the same time from the same place.CIts up to you to find out

36、 what your goals really are.DBy setting goals you are taking control of your life.EWinners in life set goals and follow through on them.6_7._8._9_10._DBFCA 完成表格完成表格/句子型：句子型：1通读全文通读全文，了解短文大意；了解短文大意；2阅读语篇后所给的句子阅读语篇后所给的句子，从文中找出与之相同或相近的句从文中找出与之相同或相近的句子；子；3分析句子的含义分析句子的含义，兼顾上下文之间的联系兼顾上下文之间的联系，确定所要填的确定所要填的

37、词或短语。词或短语。注意：如果文章中出现了注意：如果文章中出现了not，never等否定词等否定词，则补全句子时则补全句子时很有可能要填语篇中对应词的反义词。很有可能要填语篇中对应词的反义词。【例3】 根据短文内容，完成表格。(2015，锦州)Hillary is one of the most famous women in America.Born in 1947，she lived a happy childhood.Her parents were open to anything that interested her.But they were also strict with h

38、er.When young Hillary got A grades at school，her father said the school must have been too easy.When she ran home from a bad school boy，her mother wouldnt let her in.“Go back and face up to him.There is no room in the house for a coward (懦夫)！”Years later，young Hillary put all of her energy into poli

39、tics (政治)As a student leader，she often discussed and researched social problems.In 1969，Hillary entered Yale Law School，where she met Bill Clinton.The two soon became partners in political activities and the journey of love.Even after Bill was elected (选举选举) as president in 1992，Hillary didnt want t

40、o just be the presidents wife.She worked on US healthcare.However，she was not popular with those against her husband.At that time，some people said she was too interested in politics.But Hillary kept her head held high，“When she takes on a project，she works tirelessly until it is completed，” said Bet

41、ty Lowe，an old friend of the Clintons.“Its that kind of determination (决心决心) that will help her win the White House.” She has made a decision that she will take part in the election of the next president in 2016.Even after Bill was elected (选举选举) as president in 1992，Hillary didnt want to just be th

42、e presidents wife.She worked on US healthcare.However，she was not popular with those against her husband.At that time，some people said she was too interested in politics.But Hillary kept her head held high，“When she takes on a project，she works tirelessly until it is completed，” said Betty Lowe，an o

43、ld friend of the Clintons.“Its that kind of determination (决心决心) that will help her win the White House.” She has made a decision that she will take part in the election of the next president in 2016.【短文大意】【短文大意】这篇短文主要介绍了前美国第一夫人希拉里不同这篇短文主要介绍了前美国第一夫人希拉里不同寻常的经历。寻常的经历。解析：解析：1.细节细节理解理解题题。根据第一句。根据第一句Hill

44、ary is one of the most famous women in America.可知答案。可知答案。2细节细节理解理解题题。根据第一段中。根据第一段中But they were also strict with her.可知小可知小时时候希拉里的父母候希拉里的父母对对她要求很她要求很严严格。格。3细节细节理解理解题题。根据第二段中。根据第二段中young Hillary put all of her energy into politics可知大学可知大学时时希拉里就希拉里就对对政治感政治感兴兴趣趣，take/show/have an interest in.意意为为“对对感感兴

45、兴趣趣”，注意注意时态时态为为一般一般过过去去时时。4细节细节理解理解题题。根据第三段中。根据第三段中When she takes on a project，she works tirelessly until it is completed.可知希拉里工作的可知希拉里工作的时时候充候充满满了能量。了能量。5细节细节理解理解题题。根据第三段中。根据第三段中She has made a decision that she will take part in the election of the next president in 2016.可知答可知答案。案。答案：答案：1.famous/po

46、litical2.strict3.took/showed/had4.full5.decided/made_a_decisionAre your parents often angry with you？Or you always disagree with your parents？Maybe the relationships between you and your parents are terrible.Its difficult to make your home a happy and healthy place.In face，you can change the situati

47、ons by the following keys.Respect (尊重尊重)Its important to show your respect and care about your parents feelings.Though you have disagreements (分分歧歧)，at least try to understand whatever they are trying to tell you.You shouldnt keep your own thoughts only.CommunicationYou can communicate with your par

48、ents in a polite way.You may not get what you want，but explaining your thoughts calmly and rationally (理性的理性的) may show your parents that you are no longer a kid，not just a kid.TrustHow can your parents build trust in you？It depends on what you do.For example，if you get home late without calling fir

49、st，next time your parents may not believe you.To earn (赢赢得得) ) their trust，you must pay attention to the ways you do things instead of fighting with them.It will make your life much easier.Taking time togetherSome teens find that sharing time together can build trust and communication.Your parents m

50、ay be interested in going shopping，hanging out and playing cards with you.Spending time together will drive away the “black cloud” hanging over your home.Your parents give all their love to you.Why not try these ways actively to own a happy family as you want?根据短文内容填空根据短文内容填空，每空词数不限。每空词数不限。 回答问题型：回答

51、问题型：1如果问题是考查对短文细节的理解如果问题是考查对短文细节的理解，就需要抓住关键词来就需要抓住关键词来回答问题。如果考查对短文实质性的理解回答问题。如果考查对短文实质性的理解，则需要以原文为基础则需要以原文为基础，利用其提供的信息利用其提供的信息，运用多种方法进行分析、归纳运用多种方法进行分析、归纳，从而得出结从而得出结论。论。2写出能回答所提问题的关键词或词组。回答时写出能回答所提问题的关键词或词组。回答时，可以用完可以用完整的句子整的句子，也可以用省略句也可以用省略句，如果用省略句回答如果用省略句回答，务必要写出能务必要写出能回答问题的关键内容。回答问题的关键内容。3要确保写出的句子

52、正确要确保写出的句子正确，要注意人称、时态和语态的变化。要注意人称、时态和语态的变化。【例【例4】 阅读短文阅读短文，回答问题。回答问题。(2015，重重庆庆)Hot pot (火火锅锅) is many Chinese peoples favorite and Liu Yang is one of them.Three days ago，Liu Yang arrived in England.There he had three days of hamburgers，sandwiches and potatoes.Yesterday he was very excited when he h

53、eard that there was going to be a meal of hotpot to welcome the new students.He went into the room and sat next to an American girl.To his surprise，he saw potatoes and bread in front of him.Where was the hot pot?When she saw Liu Yang was very surprised，the American girl told him that hotpot is NOT h

54、ot pot.China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word.Hotpot is made from meat，potatoes and onions.People put it in the oven (烤箱烤箱) all day in a heavy pot and on a low heat.It is easy to cook.Hotpot tastes fine.But Liu Yang still misses hot pot，two words!1Is hot pot many Ch

55、inese peoples favorite?_2When did Liu Yang arrive in England?_3Who told Liu Yang that hotpot is not hot pot?_4Which country has hot pot in two words?_【短文大意】【短文大意】爱吃火锅爱吃火锅(hot pot)的刘扬到了英格兰之后的刘扬到了英格兰之后，吃了三吃了三天汉堡、三明治和土豆后天汉堡、三明治和土豆后，听说要吃听说要吃hotpot非常兴奋。但令他非常兴奋。但令他惊讶的是惊讶的是，他看到的是土豆和面包。一个美国女孩告诉他他看到的是土豆和面包。一

56、个美国女孩告诉他，英英国的国的hotpot(焖罐焖罐)是一个词是一个词，与中国两个词的与中国两个词的hot pot (火锅火锅)意思意思是不同的。是不同的。解析：解析：1.由文章第一句由文章第一句Hot pot is many Chinese peoples favorite and Liu Yang is one of them.(火火锅锅是是许许多多中国人最喜中国人最喜爱爱的食物的食物，刘刘扬扬是其中之一。是其中之一。)可知可知，此此处应处应作肯定回答。作肯定回答。2由文章第二段中的由文章第二段中的Three days ago，Liu Yang arrived in England.可知可

57、知，刘刘扬扬三天前到达英格三天前到达英格兰兰。3由文章第四段中的由文章第四段中的When she saw Liu Yang was very surprised，the American girl told him that hotpot is NOT hot pot.(当她看到刘当她看到刘扬扬非常惊非常惊讶时讶时，这这个美国女孩告个美国女孩告诉诉他他“焖焖罐罐”不是不是“火火锅锅”。)可知答案。可知答案。4由第四段中的由第四段中的China has hot pot in two words but English hotpot is written in one word.(中国有两个中国有

58、两个词词的的hot pot，但英国但英国的的hotpot写成一个写成一个词词。) )可知答案。可知答案。答案：答案：1.Yes，it_is.2.Three_days_ago.3An/The_American_girl.4.China.It seems that everybody tells lieswell，not big lies，but what we call “white lies”Telling “white lies” isnt really that bad.Most of the time，people do it because they want to protect a

59、 friendship.A survey shows that each person lies about seven times a day.The only real questions are about when we lie and who we tell lies to.Here are some reasons why people tell “white lies”Lying to hide something：People often lie because they want to hide something from someone.For example，Paul

60、doesnt tell his parents that he is going to play basketball because he doesnt think they will agree.He tells a lie that hes going to the library to study.Lying to make someone feel good：Often we dont tell the truth to make someone feel good.For example，your friend cooks dinner for you，but it tastes