高考地理 技法点拨——气候 1 (467)

1、Module 5A Lesson in a Lab 第一板块重点单词第一板块重点单词1. conclusion n. 结论结论; 结束结束(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论得出结论bring. . . to a conclusion 使使结束结束in conclusion=to conclude 总之总之, 最后最后(2)conclude v. 得出结论得出结论; 结束结束conclude. . . with. . . 以以结束结束conclude. . . from. . . 从从中得出结论中得出结论【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句

2、子完成句子When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _it _important points. 当小组讨论接近尾声时当小组讨论接近尾声时, 一定要以重点而结束。一定要以重点而结束。_, I have the confidence that I am qualified for the position. 总之总之, 我有信心我能胜任这个职位。我有信心我能胜任这个职位。concludewithIn conclusionWhat can be _these observations? 从这些观察中能够得出什么样的结论呢从

3、这些观察中能够得出什么样的结论呢? concluded from2. expand v. 膨胀膨胀; 扩大扩大; 扩展扩展expand into (使使)扩大成扩大成expand in 在在方面增加方面增加/膨胀膨胀expand with遇遇而膨胀而膨胀【即时训练】【即时训练】用用expand的正确形式填空的正确形式填空Their _business became a large corporation in 1996, with three generations of Ans working together. He was so eager _his farm that he did n

4、ot notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. expandingto expand完成句子完成句子The small store eventually_ _. 那家小商店最终发展成一个超市。那家小商店最终发展成一个超市。Metals _. 金属遇热则膨胀。金属遇热则膨胀。expanded into aexpand with heatsupermarket【易混辨析】【易混辨析】expand(使使)(尺寸、数字或数量尺寸、数字或数量等等)扩大扩大, 增加增加(活动量活动量), 扩大扩大(活动范围活动范围)extend延伸延伸, 延长延长

5、(建筑或道路、建筑或道路、时间等时间等), 扩大扩大(控制、影控制、影响力等响力等), 伸展伸展(手臂、腿手臂、腿等等)spread把把(物物)铺开、张开铺开、张开, (疾病、疾病、感情、问题或火等感情、问题或火等)蔓延蔓延, (消息、思想等消息、思想等)流传流传, 传播传播, 扩展扩展(使能覆盖大的面积使能覆盖大的面积), 张开张开(手臂、双腿等手臂、双腿等)stretch伸展伸展, 拉长拉长, 一般指由曲变直、一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展由短变长的伸展, 不是加长不是加长3. aim n. 目标目标; 目的目的 v. 瞄准瞄准, 针对针对; 目的在于目的在于; 以以为目标为目标(1)ta

6、ke aim at 瞄准瞄准with the aim of 以以为目标为目标; 意在意在【误区点拨】【误区点拨】aim作主语时作主语时, 其表语常用不定式形式其表语常用不定式形式, 说明主语的内容。说明主语的内容。【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子In another experiment _long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. 在另一个旨在测试长期的记忆力的实验中在另一个旨在测试长期的记忆力的实验中, 学生像以学生像以前一样记笔记前一样记笔记,

7、但是在演讲的一周后再进行测试。但是在演讲的一周后再进行测试。aimed at testing(2016上海高考上海高考)More recently, the Paris Agreement,stuck by nearly 200 countries, also _. 最近有近最近有近200个国家所遵守的个国家所遵守的巴黎协定巴黎协定旨在控制旨在控制全球变暖。全球变暖。aims to limit globalwarmingEnglish television _normally _native English speakers. 通常英语节目是针对以英语为母语的人。通常英语节目是针对以英语为母语

8、的人。isaimed at【巧学助记】【巧学助记】瞄准目标学瞄准目标学“aim”4. balance n. 天平天平; 平衡平衡v. (使使)平衡平衡; 权衡权衡(1)keep/lose ones balance 保持保持/失去平衡失去平衡out of balance 失去平衡失去平衡on balance 总的来说总的来说(2)balanced adj. 平衡的平衡的keep a balanced diet 保持饮食均衡保持饮食均衡【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016江苏高考江苏高考)Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, _,

9、 than they lose. 总体来说总体来说, 富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺现象中获得富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺现象中获得的比损失的要多。的比损失的要多。on balanceWhen he was running after his brother, the boy_and had a bad fall. 当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候, 失去平衡失去平衡, 狠狠地狠狠地摔倒了。摔倒了。lost his balanceMove slowly, then be sure to _and dont let your body shake. 慢慢移动慢慢移动, 确保你的身体平衡

10、并且不要让你的身确保你的身体平衡并且不要让你的身体颤抖。体颤抖。Many people have come to realize that they should _. 许多人开始认识到他们应该保持饮食均衡。许多人开始认识到他们应该保持饮食均衡。keep your balancekeep a balanced diet【熟词生义】【熟词生义】Could you tell me what the balance is in my account? (balance意为意为: _)余额余额【巧学助记】【巧学助记】掌握掌握“平衡平衡”5. ordinary adj. 普通的普通的; 平常的平常的【易

11、混辨析】【易混辨析】ordinary普通的普通的, 平常的平常的, 平凡的。强调等级和类别平凡的。强调等级和类别方面普通。有方面普通。有“平庸无奇平庸无奇”之意之意, 其反义词其反义词extraordinary意为意为“不寻常的不寻常的; 非凡的非凡的”common普通的普通的; 常见的。强调经常发生常见的。强调经常发生, 司空见惯司空见惯, 可修饰人或物。也可指共同的、共存的。可修饰人或物。也可指共同的、共存的。短语短语common sense意为意为“常识常识”, have. . . in common with. . . “与与有共同之处有共同之处”usual通常的通常的; 惯常的惯常的

12、; 惯例的。强调依照惯例来惯例的。强调依照惯例来判断判断, 有有“遵循常规遵循常规”之意。之意。as usual意为意为“像往常一样像往常一样”normal正常的正常的, 合乎标准的。强调在正常情况下应合乎标准的。强调在正常情况下应有的有的, 短语短语return to normal意为意为“恢复正恢复正常常”【即时训练】【即时训练】选词填空选词填空ordinary/common/usual/normal(2016江苏高考江苏高考)It makes no difference from _voting events, in which candidates go around to seek

13、supports. (2016浙江高考浙江高考)A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-month-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in _. ordinarycommon(2015全国卷全国卷)Admission is at _charges and you dont need to book. I got up at six that morning as _. normalusual6. astonished adj. 吃惊的吃惊的; 惊愕的惊愕的(1)

14、be astonished at/by sth. 对某事感到惊讶对某事感到惊讶be astonished to do sth. 因做某事感到惊讶因做某事感到惊讶be astonished+that-clause因因感到惊讶感到惊讶(2)astonish vt. 使惊讶使惊讶; 使震惊使震惊astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的令人惊讶的(3)astonishment n. 惊讶惊讶; 震惊震惊to ones astonishment令某人吃惊的是令某人吃惊的是in astonishment 吃惊地吃惊地【即时训练】【即时训练】单句语法填空单句语法填空(2016江苏高考江苏高考)“Wher

15、e did she come from? ”asked an _(astonish) sprinting world(2016浙江高考浙江高考)What brought about this _ (astonish) change in me? astonishedastonishing完成句子完成句子_, the man lifted the rock effortlessly. 使我们吃惊的是使我们吃惊的是, 那人毫不费力地把石头举了起来。那人毫不费力地把石头举了起来。To our astonishment7. react vi. (化学化学)反应反应; 发生作用发生作用(1)react

16、to对对作出反应作出反应react with 与与起起(化学化学)反应反应react against反对反对; 反抗反抗react on/upon对对有影响有影响(2)reaction n. 反应反应【即时训练】【即时训练】单句语法填空单句语法填空(2016浙江高考浙江高考)I made friends with the natives, and their _(react) amazed me. So you will need to give your friend time to react _you. reactionto完成句子完成句子Iron reacts _water and a

17、ir to produce rust. 铁与水和空气起反应形成铁锈。铁与水和空气起反应形成铁锈。with第二板块常考短语句式第二板块常考短语句式1. add. . . to. . . 往往加入加入add to 增加增加; 增添增添add up 把把加起来加起来add up to 合计达合计达add (that). . . 补充说补充说【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子Perhaps you think you could easily _with more money. 或许你认为你能轻而易举地用更多的钱来增加或许你认为你能轻而易举地用更多的钱来增加你的幸福。你的幸福。add to yo

18、urhappinessLater, I decided to _. 后来后来, 我决定把更多的事情加到清单上。我决定把更多的事情加到清单上。_all the figures and find out what they_. 把所有数字加起来把所有数字加起来, 弄清楚总计是多少。弄清楚总计是多少。add more things to the listAdd upadd up to【巧学助记】【巧学助记】合计学合计学add2. be supposed to应当应当; 理应理应(1)be supposed to do sth. =should do sth. (现在现在)应该应该/理应做某事理应做某

19、事be supposed to be doing sth. =should be doing sth. (现在现在)应该应该/理应正在做某事理应正在做某事be supposed to have done sth. =should have done sth. 本应该做了某事本应该做了某事(事实上没做事实上没做)(2)suppose sb. to be. . . 认为某人是认为某人是supposing/suppose (that). . . 假定假定(3)I suppose so. 我认为是这样。我认为是这样。I suppose not. (=I dont suppose so. )我认为不是这

20、样。我认为不是这样。【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016北京高考北京高考)The college years_important growth in autonomy and the development of adult identity. 大学时期应该是培养自主性和成年人特征的重要大学时期应该是培养自主性和成年人特征的重要时期。时期。are supposed tobe a time forThey _the person of a higher rank. 他们应该服从更高等级的人。他们应该服从更高等级的人。are supposed to obeyBetter ways o

21、ut are available, among which “green”farming _the first choice. 可以获得更好的解决办法可以获得更好的解决办法, 在其中在其中“绿色农业绿色农业”被认为被认为是第一选择。是第一选择。He _my letter, but he didnt. 他本应该收到我的信他本应该收到我的信, 但是他却没有。但是他却没有。is supposed to bewas supposed to have received3. go ahead开始做某事开始做某事(表示允许表示允许); (口语口语)请说吧请说吧; 请用请用吧吧; 走在前面走在前面go aga

22、inst违背违背; 对对不利不利go all out to do/for sth. 全力以赴做某事全力以赴做某事go by (时间时间)过去过去go down/up 降低降低/上升上升go on 继续继续; 进行进行; (时间时间)过去过去【即时训练】【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义写出黑体部分的含义(2016天津高考天津高考)I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose. ( )Could I use this dictionary? Just go ahead. Its a spare one. ( )I prob

23、ably shouldnt have any more cake. Oh, go ahead. It wont kill you. ( )开始做吧开始做吧请用吧请用吧吃点吧吃点吧4. used to过去过去(常常常常)be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯习惯(做做)某事某事be used to do sth. 被用来做某事被用来做某事【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016上海高考上海高考)Stress _an almost unknown word, but now we are used to talking about it. 压力过去常常是个鲜为人知的

24、单词压力过去常常是个鲜为人知的单词, 但是现在我们习但是现在我们习惯于谈论它了。惯于谈论它了。used to be(2016全国卷全国卷)There are many common methods _. 有很多烹鱼使用的普通的方法。有很多烹鱼使用的普通的方法。He _late but now he _early. 他过去起得晚他过去起得晚, 现在习惯早起了。现在习惯早起了。used to cook fishused to get upis used to gettingupThat is mainly because shopping is a very different experienc

25、e to _. 那主要是因为购物是一种完全不同于过去的经历。那主要是因为购物是一种完全不同于过去的经历。what it used to be5. It is hard to think of a world without metals. 很难想象一个没有金属的世界。很难想象一个没有金属的世界。(1)本句使用了本句使用了It is+ adj. + to do sth. 句型句型, 其中的其中的It为形为形式主语式主语, 真正的主语是不定式短语。真正的主语是不定式短语。(2)该句型中的不定式前可加逻辑主语该句型中的不定式前可加逻辑主语for/of sb. 。在在It is + adj. + fo

26、r sb. + to do sth. 这个句型中这个句型中, 常见常见的形容词有的形容词有: easy, difficult, hard, possible等。等。在在It is+ adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 这个句型中这个句型中, 常见的常见的形容词有形容词有: kind, nice, honest, foolish, rude, polite等。等。【即时训练】【即时训练】完成句子完成句子(2016浙江高考浙江高考)_your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit. 准时

27、付电费很重要准时付电费很重要, 因为付晚了会影响你的信用。因为付晚了会影响你的信用。It is important to payOf course, I guess _not so _to learn Chinese. 当然当然, 我想对你来说学汉语并不那么容易。我想对你来说学汉语并不那么容易。It is everybodys duty _to keep our society in order. 每个人都有义务遵守规则来维护社会秩序。每个人都有义务遵守规则来维护社会秩序。it iseasy for youto observe the rules_so many mistakes in the

28、 exam. 在这次考试中你出了这么多错在这次考试中你出了这么多错, 你真是太粗心了。你真是太粗心了。It is careless of you to make【知识拓展】【知识拓展】it作形式主语的句式作形式主语的句式“大联欢大联欢”(1)It+be+过去分词过去分词+that从句从句用于该句型的过去分词有用于该句型的过去分词有: known, thought, told, believed, hoped等。等。It was reported that dozens of people died in the accident. 据报道一些人死于这场事故。据报道一些人死于这场事故。(2)It+seems/appears/happens+that从句从句It seems that he enjoys this film very much. 看来他非常喜欢这部电影。看来他非常喜欢这部电影。(3)It doesnt matter (doesnt matter too much, doesnt make too much dif