英语翻译中的语序问题

1、2.7 语序语序l英汉两种语言在语序的排列上有英汉两种语言在语序的排列上有诸多差异，因此翻译时有必要对语诸多差异，因此翻译时有必要对语序做些序做些 调整。调整。2.7.2简单句的语序调整简单句的语序调整 (P35)l1. Do you have a single room available tomorrow night? l明晚还有单人间吗？明晚还有单人间吗？l2. Id like a wake up call at seven tomorrow morning.l明天早晨七点请叫我起床。明天早晨七点请叫我起床。 l3.May I have your name again？l请再告诉我一次您

2、的大名？请再告诉我一次您的大名？l 4. I could not agree more.l你说得对极了你说得对极了.l5) 5) They, not unexpectedly, did not respond. l他们没有回答，他们没有回答，这完全是意料之中的事。这完全是意料之中的事。l6) The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their achievements in aviation industry.l中国似乎为他们在航天事业上取得的成就中国似乎为他们在航天事业上取得的成就而自豪，而自豪，这是合乎情理的。这是合乎情理的。l7）Fathers a

3、ttitude toward anybody who wasnt his kind used to puzzle me. l以前我总不懂父亲为什么对那些脾气跟他以前我总不懂父亲为什么对那些脾气跟他不一样的人采取那么个态度。不一样的人采取那么个态度。l8).Students are not allowed to take the lnewspaper and magazine/issue out of the reading room.l不允许学生把报纸和杂志拿出阅览室不允许学生把报纸和杂志拿出阅览室.l9). In engineering, such a large unit is seldo

4、m used.l在电器工程中，很少使用这样的大单位。在电器工程中，很少使用这样的大单位。2.7.3复合句或长句的语序调整复合句或长句的语序调整l1.原因和结果原因和结果 (Cause and Result)l 在表示因果关系的英语复合句中，因果顺序比较灵活，表示原因的从句的位置可以在主句之前，也可以在主句之后，汉语中多数情况是“因”在前，“果”在后。lIt doesnt boil, despite temperatures It doesnt boil, despite temperatures reaching up to 400 degrees C, because reaching up

5、 to 400 degrees C, because it is under terrific pressure.it is under terrific pressure.l尽管温度可高达摄氏尽管温度可高达摄氏400400度，水却因为处于度，水却因为处于高压之下而不会沸腾。高压之下而不会沸腾。As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain.由于天气很好由于天气很好，我们决定去爬山。He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.因为他病了因为他病了，昨天他不得不呆在家里

6、。lThe isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded(更糟) by the paucity(少量) of the information media.l因为距离遥远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会与外界是隔绝的。这种隔绝状态，由于通信工具不足，就变得更加严重了。假设和推测假设和推测在表示条件（假设）与结果关系的英语复合句中，条件（假设）与结果的顺序也不固定，从句可以在主句前或后，汉语中多数情况则是条件（假设）在前，结果在后。Suppose we

7、 cant get the necessary equipment, what shall we do?假定我们弄不到必要的设备，那怎么假定我们弄不到必要的设备，那怎么办？办？He would be a rash(鲁莽的)man if he should venture to forecast the results of this event.如果有人敢于预言此事的结果如果有人敢于预言此事的结果，那他一定是个鲁莽之徒。lWhat should we do if there were a fire?l万一发生火灾我们怎么办万一发生火灾我们怎么办.lHe would have come and

8、helped us if he had had time .l如果他有时间的话如果他有时间的话,他一定会来帮助我们的他一定会来帮助我们的.lThe first two must be equal for all who are being compared，if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. l如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的素必须是一样的.时间顺序时间顺序英语英语复合句中，表示时间的从句可以在主句之前

9、，也可以在主句之后，叙述顺序很灵活；汉语汉语则通常先发生的事先叙述，后发生的事后叙述。Nothing has happened since we parted.我们分别之后，一直没有发生什么事情。lBefore messages can be sent by radio they have to be changed from sound into electricity.l信息必须先从声音转换成电后才能信息必须先从声音转换成电后才能由无线电发送。由无线电发送。2.7.4 松散句与圆周句松散句与圆周句lSee page 38l1.But there is another story, a fa

10、mily saga, that may turn out to be important to unlocking the mystery of what actually happened between Lewinsky and the President. l莱温斯基和总统之间究竟发生了什么事是个谜，但是，另外一个故事，即家史，最终对解开这个谜十分重要。 lArguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.l极端主义者认为，人与动物在各方面都不同，对动物无需无需考虑道德问题。lAfter walking a long way, the young man came upon a foolish man who had fasten a pair of trousers between trees and who was jum