2011年阅读百题精练

1、2011 年百题精练（ 1）III阅读（共两节，满分40 分）第 节阅渎理解（共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、 C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AJudging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behaviour agree that there is virtually anepidemic (流行病 ) of sleepiness in the nation “ canI think of a single study that hasn foundtAmerica

2、ns getting less sleep than they ought to, David”saysEvenDrpeople who think they aresleeping enough would probably be better off with more restThe beginning of our sleep-deficit (lack) crises can be traced back to the invention of the lightbulb a century ago From diary entries and our personal accoun

3、ts from the 18thand 19thcenturies,sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 95 hoursa night “ The best sleephabits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the eveningdown on the farm, and it was dark” By the 1950s and1960s, the sleepschedul

4、e had beenreduceddramatically, to between 7 5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock“ Peoplecheat in their sleep, and they don t even realizetheyDaviredoing“Theyit,think” thesays Dr reokey because they can get by on 65 hours, when they reallyneed 7 5, 8 or even more to feelideall

5、y energetic ”Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is thecomplexity of thedayWhenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people considersleep the least expensive item on their programme “ In our society, youyou say you need only 5 5 hours sleepIfy

6、ou ve got to get58 hours, people think you lack driveand ambition ”To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set ofpsychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers orrecall a passage read to them only minutes ea

7、rlier “ We vefound that if you rein sleep deficit,performance suffers, ” saysDavidDr “ Short-erm memory is weakened, as are abilities tomake decisions and to concentrate ”41 What is the main topic of the passage?A Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit B The epidemic of sleepiness

8、in the modern times C The history of people s sleeping patternsD The minimum of our sleeping hours 42 Which of the following is Dr David s opinion?A People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who dontB Some people can remain energetic with only 6 5 hours sleep a nightC If th

9、ey get 8 5 hours sleep, people will be full of drive and ambitionD People s metal power suffers if they are lackng in sleep43 People in the 18thand 19thcenturies slept about 9 5 hours a night because _ A they were forced by their parents to do soB they knew what was best for their healtC they had no

10、 electricity- 1 -D they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are44 The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _A the endless TV programmes in the evenings and the internetB the heavy work load of the dayC the sufficient energy modern people usually haveD loud noises in the mo

11、dern cities45 What does the word“ subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?A Peoson or thing that is being discussed or described B Branch of knowledge studied in a school C Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented onD Any member of a State apart from the the supreme rulerBFor most

12、people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the street or loading a cart in ashopping mall Soon, that will change Electronic commerce(trade) is growing fast and will soonbring people more choices There will, however, be a cost: protecting the consumer from beingcheated will be harder Many g

13、overnments therefore want to apply street regulations to the electronicworld But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation Consumers in richcountrieshave grownused totheidea thatthegovernmenttakesresponsibility for everything for the stability

14、 of the banks to the safety of the drugs or their rights torefund when goods are faulty But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whoseonly presence is on the screen Even in a country where a clear right to compensation exists, the on-line customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to Ne

15、w York to get a refund for a clothes purchase One answer is for government to cooperate more: to recognize each other But that s rulesrequires years of work and volumes of detailed rules And plenty of countries have rules too fancifulfor sober countries to accept There is, however, another choice Le

16、t the electronic businesses dothe regulation themselves They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so In electroniccommerce, a reputationfor honest dealing willbe a valuable competitiveasset Governments, too, may compete to be trusted For instance, customers ordering medicineson-line may pref

17、er to buy from the United States because they trust the rigorous screening of theFood and Drug Administration; or they may decide that the FDAare too strict, andrulesbuy fromSwitzerland instead Customers will still need to use their judgement But precisely because the technology is new,electronic sh

18、oppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than customers of the normalsort And the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain when a company letsthem down In this way, at least, theadvent of cyberspace may argue for fewerconsumerprotection laws, not more 46 According

19、to the author, what will be the best policy for electronic commerce?A Self-regulation by the business B Strict consumer protection laws C Close international cooperation DGovernment protection 47 In case an electronic shoper bought faulty goods from a foreign country, what could he do?A Refuse to pa

20、y for the purchase B Go to the seller and ask for a refund C Appeal to consumer protection lawD Complain about it on the Internet48 In the author s view, businesses would place a high emphasis on honest dealing because in the- 2 -electronic world _ A international cooperation would be much more freq

21、uentB consumers could easliy seek government protectionC a good reputation is a great advantage in competitionD it would be easy for consumers to complain49 We can infer from the passage that in licensing new drugs the FDA in the United States is_A very quickB very cautiousC very slowD rather carele

22、ss50 If a customer buys something that does not meet his expectation, what is the advantage ofdealing through electronic commerce over the present normal one?A It will be easier for him to return the goods he is not satisfied withB It will be easier for him to attain the refund from the sellerC It w

23、ill be easier for him to get his complaints heard by other consumersD It will be easier for him to complain about this to the governmentCIt s hardly surprising that weather is a favorite topic for so many people around the world-itaffects where we choose to live, what we wear, our moods, and perhaps

24、 even our nationalcharacteristics Studies have shown that changeable weather can make it difficult to concentrate,cloudy skies slow down reaction,and high humiditywithhot, dry winds makes many peoplebad-tempered If you live in a place like Britain, where the weather seems to change daily if not hour

25、ly, youcould be forgiven for thinking that the weather is random In fact, the weather is controlled bysystems which move around areas of the globe In the UK the weather depends on depressions,often called lows, and anticyclones, also known as highs These systems start in the Atlantic Ocean,and make

26、their way across the British Isles from the west to the east Highs bring sunny weather,while lows bring rain and wind In modern times, human activities seem to be altering weatherpatterns Gases produced by heavy industry change the temperature of the Earth s surface, andaffect cloud formation Some r

27、esearchers say that factories in Europe and North America may havebeen one of the causes of the droughts in Africa in the 1980sThe human race has always tried to guess the weather, especially in areas of the world wherethere are frequent changes Traditional rhymes point to early attempts to identify

28、 weather patterns,popular poems include:Red sky at night, shepherds delight;in thered morning,sky shepherdswarningFlies will swarm before a storm Rain before 7, clear by 11 While folk wisdom can still provide a guide to help forecast weather, today methods ofprediction increasingly rely on technolog

29、y Satellites, balloons, ships, aircrafts and weather centerswith sensitive monitoring equipment, send data to computers The data is then processed, and theweather is predicted However, even this system cannot predict weather for longer than about aweek51 When weather keeps changing, _ A people becom

30、e bad-tempered B people s reaction slows downC people find it hard to focus on their workD people become hungrier52 What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?- 3 -A Changes in weatherB Weather in Britain C African droughts D Research on weather53 The weather in Britain is _ A randomB moist

31、C depressingD satisfying54 According to a traditional rhyme, if there is a red sky at night, the next day will be _A windyB rainyC fineD snowy55 Which of the following statements is true?A Anticyclones often bring rain and wind B Weather forecasting has been done for a long time C Weather could neve

32、r be predicted D Modern methods of weather prediction are developed from folk wisdom第二节信息匹配（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卷上作答。以下是景点信息：A Brightwood ParkTake you up to Westfield s natural preserve for a short hike or to practice skipping stones in thelarge pond You can look for deer

33、and other woodland animals or go on a nature treasure huntB Jewark AirportThe airportoffers free tours covering the history of the airport,terminaloperations, andemergency vehicles and equipment for groups of 15 to 30 persons The tours are intended forstudents in grades three and above See also Newa

34、rk International Airport C Cheesequake State ParkThe Cheesequake State Park features 1,284 acres of open fields, a hardwood forest, a varietyof wildlife and about 200 species of birds Activities include hiking, boating, canoeing, swimming anda variety of winter sports An interpretive Center provides

35、 live wildlife exhibits and environmentaleducation programs, including nature walks D The Model Railroad ClubThe Model Railroad Club is an activity of the Union County Park System The Club is open tovisitors every Saturday afternoon for viewing the model train displays Every fall, the Club sponsorsa

36、 Light and Sound Show that will delight the model train loversE Fosterfields Living Historical FarmLearn about farming as it was done 100 years ago at Fosterfields Living Historical Farm Thereare weekend demonstrationson planting and harvesting crops as well as special programs heldthroughout the ye

37、ar Some of these include wool cutting and carriage drivingF Deutsch MuseumGermanys leading museum of science, engineering, and transportationhas everything fromsteam engines to space exhibits-some of which are closed for remodeling until May, 2003 Dontmiss the Forum der Technik, which has a world-cl

38、ass planetarium and an IMAX theatre以下是出游者的信息。请匹配适合他们的旅游景点。56 Daniel, a young computer programmer, has been working hard and needs a holiday to relax inwinter He likes to get close to nature and enjoy water sports 57Henry and Ann and their two teenage sons, hope to take their holiday outdoorsThey wou

39、ld liketo find a place where they can play games, such as looking for treasure 58 Philip, a high school student, wants to travel on weekends, and would like to learn about- 4 -materials to use when building a setting for the train set59Teresa, a primary school teacher, plans to take the whole class

40、of 20 students for a holiday Thestudents will graduate this year, so she d like to organize an activity without charge but it isinstructive 60 Tony, a young engineer in a modern car factory, enjoys an adventure journey once a year Thistime, he would like to have journeys to the countryside, where he

41、 can try to learn aboutdriving a horse and carriage 2011 年百题精练（ 2）第二部分阅读理解（共 20小题；每小题2分，满分 40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分30分）- 5 -阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AScores of people queued up to use a cash machine after it started giving out double moneyrequested The cash machine, outside a Sainsbury store in B

42、arham Road, Hull, attracted a big crowdhoping to take advantage of the fault, on Tuesday night Police officers were eventually sent toguard the machine and prevent more money from being taken out The fault is thought to haveaffected cash machines at supermarkets across the city It is not yet known w

43、hether the customerswill have to repay the cash or how much money was taken out A spokeswoman for Humberside Police said,“ Officers were sent out and an attempt was madeto contact the owners of the machine and officers remained at the scene to prevent more peoplefrom taking more money out ” The spok

44、eswoman said those who benefited from the fault could betraced and face theft charges, but investigations would only take place if the operator made ancomplaint The cash machine is owned by a company called Payzone, a spokesman later confirmed He saidthe fault was due to the machine being filled wit

45、h the wrong denomination（面值） of notes Aninvestigation was under way into the incident and the machine had been taken out of service, headdedThe Payzone spokesman said,“ The cash in Transit Company which is contracted to service thisATM has filled it up with the wrong denomination of notes, which mea

46、ns it is paying out double ”He could not say how much money had been taken out of the machine, or whether it would have tobe paid back It was understood that a number of cash machines owned by other companies hadalso been affected by this problem in Hull, he added 61 When people found the cash machi

47、ne outside a Sainsbury s store broke down, _A they queued up to check their own moneyB they asked the police to protect the cash machineC they waited outside the store for the generous cash machineD they took out money from the other cash machines62 People who got illegal money would face theft char

48、ges if_A the police traced their theftB the police contacted the owners of the machineC they got more money after the police cameD the operator complained to the police63 Which situation probably c aused the cash machine s fault?A The largest denomination put into the machine was the one hundred-dol

49、lar billB Notes of larger denomination were put into the machine instead of the required onesC Notes of new denomination were issued by the bankD Notes put into the machine included different denomination64 What is the best title for the passage?AGreedy customersB Cash machine gives double moneyC Wh

50、o is the owner of the cash machineD How to get more money from ATMB- 6 -More and more birds are flying to settle at Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes inChina, thanks to the protection efforts of local governments Covering an area of over 4,000 squarekilometers Qinghai Lake is also the co

51、untryt-swaterbiggestlakesalLocated in NorthwestChina Qinghais Province, the lake is famous for the two islands at itsnorthwest point-Cormorant Island and Egg Island The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various schools of fish, offering rich foodsources for birds The islands have become

52、a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and havebeen called Bird Islands Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau starts to melt,over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the isla

53、nds and birds eggs can befound everywhere Visitors can hear the singing of birds frommiles away These have become aworld famous symbol of the lake To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up theQinghai Lake Natural Protection Zone at the end of 1997 M

54、eanwhile , the State has pointed out the Bird Islands and Spring bay of the Qinghai Lake ascentral protection zones Inspection officials and managementemployees oftenpatrolthe lake , improvinglocalresidentsknowledgeof related laws and spreading knowledgeaboutanimalprotectiontovisitors They are makin

55、g great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birdsAt the same time, they have built special fences around the island area, to prevent wolves,foxes and othercarnivorous animals, as wellas illegal hunters frombreaking up thebirdsnest-building, egg-laying and breeding As a result , more an

56、d more birds are coming to the islandsfor sheltering and breeding 65 Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest salt-water lake in the Great Northwest?A Because it is getting warmer and warmer B Because it is being reformedC Because environments there are getting more and more agreeable for t

57、hem to live inD Because the people there are becoming richer and richer66 The birds feed on _according to the passage A floating fish and various grassB grass moving on the water surface and different kinds of fishC salt water and plenty of grainsD corn from the local farmers67 Which of the followin

58、g statements is TRUE according to the passageA The ice and snow covering the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau doesnchanget into water, unlessmore than 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird IslandsB Flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over islands to lay eggsC Visitors can listen to the singing of birds from

59、miles away, but they couldn t see anbirdsD “ The ice on the Plateau begins to change into water” means spring is coming68 The officials go around the lake mainly to _A let the farmers there know the animal protection lawB tell the farmers there some knowledge about animal protection- 7 -C call on pe

60、ople to love and protect the birdsD all of the aboveCOnce I spoke at a high schoolAfter the speech, I was asked to see a special student An illnesshad kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a greatdeal to him I agreedHe was Matthew When he was born, the