新概念3Lesson 19

1、 Objective: Review the usage of verbs. Question the phrases learned in lesson 18. Ask two students to tell the usage of prep. Check the written word list on students homework. dear adj. (1) Loved and cherished 亲爱的，心爱的亲爱的，心爱的eg. my dearest friend 我最亲爱的朋友我最亲爱的朋友(2) (usu used with “to sb”) Greatly valu

2、ed; precious 非非常受珍视的；宝贵的常受珍视的；宝贵的eg. He lost everything that was dear to him. 他所珍贵他所珍贵的一切都的一切都 失去了失去了。(3) Highly esteemed or regarded. Used in direct address, especially in salutations 敬爱的敬爱的, 常用于常用于书信中书信中，尤指用，尤指用于尊称于尊称eg. Dear Lee Dawson 敬爱的李道森先生敬爱的李道森先生(4) High-priced; expensive 价格高的；昂贵的价格高的；昂贵的eg

3、. Fruit is dear at this time of year. 一年中这个时候水果是很贵的。一年中这个时候水果是很贵的。 dear n. (1) One that is greatly loved; An endearing, lovable, or kind person 亲爱的人亲爱的人, 受爱戴的人受爱戴的人, 可爱的或善良的人可爱的或善良的人eg. Be like a dear! 口口做好人做好人, 做个好孩子做个好孩子Thats a dear! 这才是好孩子这才是好孩子! 这才乖呢这才乖呢!Theres a dear! 这才是好孩子这才是好孩子! 这才乖呢这才乖呢! de

4、aradv.(1) With fondness; affectionately 热爱地热爱地, 钟爱地，充满深情地钟爱地，充满深情地(2) At a high cost 高价地高价地eg. They sold their wares dear 高价出售他们的加工品高价出售他们的加工品We will pay dear for your goods. 将付很高的价将付很高的价interj. Used as a polite exclamation, chiefly of surprise or distress 呵，哎呀呵，哎呀, 用于表示有礼用于表示有礼貌的感叹貌的感叹, 尤指表示惊讶或痛苦尤指

5、表示惊讶或痛苦eg. oh dear; dear me 哦；哎呀哦；哎呀 kidnap vt. kidnap(p)ed; kidnap(p)ing 绑架绑架, 拐骗拐骗, 诱拐诱拐(小孩小孩) kidnapee n. 美美被绑架的人被绑架的人, 肉票肉票 kidnap(p)er n. 拐骗者拐骗者; 绑架者绑架者 considerableadj. (1)Large in amount, extent, or degree 相当大的在数量、相当大的在数量、范范围或程度上很大的围或程度上很大的eg. a writer of considerable influence 一名有很大影响的作一名有很大

6、影响的作家家a considerable distance 一段颇远的距离一段颇远的距离(2) Worthy of consideration; significant 重要的重要的, 值得考虑的；值得考虑的；有重大意义的有重大意义的eg. The economy was a considerable issue in the campaign.在竞选运动中经济是一个重要问题在竞选运动中经济是一个重要问题a considerable man in local affairs 地方事务上相当重要的人物地方事务上相当重要的人物n. (Informal) A considerable amount,

7、 extent, or degree.美俗美俗大量大量, 很大的数量、范围或程度很大的数量、范围或程度多多eg. He has done considerable for me. 他为我做了不少事。他为我做了不少事。wealthy adj.(1) Having wealth; rich 有钱的；富的有钱的；富的eg. a wealthy family 富裕的家庭富裕的家庭I wish everyone to be healthy, wealthy and happy.我我希望每个人都能过健康，富裕，幸福的生活。希望每个人都能过健康，富裕，幸福的生活。(2) Marked by abundanc

8、e 以丰富为特征的：以丰富为特征的：eg. a wealthy land 富饶的土地富饶的土地(3) Well supplied 储备丰富的储备丰富的eg. wealthy in compassion 感情丰富感情丰富 rich 系常用词系常用词, 指指“有比正常需要更多钱财的有比正常需要更多钱财的“eg. He was rich. 他很富。他很富。 wealthy 表示表示富裕的富裕的, 程度比程度比 rich 强强, 指指有大量钱财的有大量钱财的 eg. This is a wealthy family. 这是个非常有钱的家庭。这是个非常有钱的家庭。 well-to-do 语意不如语意不如

9、 rich, 更不如更不如wealthy , 指指高于一般水平富高于一般水平富的的“eg. a well-to-do family 一个小康之家。一个小康之家。 well-off 语意与语意与well-to-do接近接近, 指指相当富有的相当富有的,富裕的富裕的”eg. We are very well-off now for out-door labor.由于在外边做事由于在外边做事, 我们现在很富裕。我们现在很富裕。 orderly adv. Systematically; regularly 按部就班地；规律地按部就班地；规律地adj. (1) Free from disorder; n

10、eat 整洁的整洁的, 干净的干净的eg. an orderly room 洁净的房间洁净的房间The girl students rooms are all in orderly condition.女同学们的房间都整齐清洁。女同学们的房间都整齐清洁。(2) Having a systematic arrangement 有条理的有条理的, 有系统有系统安排的安排的eg. an orderly mind 有条理的头脑有条理的头脑(3) Marked by or adhering to method or system:有秩序的有秩序的; 守纪律的守纪律的eg. an orderly foot

11、ball crowd 守秩序的足球观众守秩序的足球观众an orderly class 一个一个守纪律的守纪律的班级班级 anonymous adj.(1) Having an unknown or unacknowledged name; Having an unknown or withheld authorship or agency 姓氏不明的姓氏不明的, 姓名不被知道或不被认识的姓名不被知道或不被认识的; 匿名匿名的的, 不知道或保守作者或机构的不知道或保守作者或机构的 eg. an anonymous author 无名作者无名作者匿名信匿名信an anonymous letter

12、匿名电话匿名电话 an anonymous phone call 不留赠送者姓名的礼物不留赠送者姓名的礼物an anonymous gift 不愿透露姓名的捐赠者不愿透露姓名的捐赠者an anonymous donor unknown adj. Not well known or widely known; Not known; unfamiliar; Not identified or ascertained 无名的无名的, 不知名的或不广为人知的不知名的或不广为人知的; 未知的未知的, 未被人知晓的；不熟悉的未被人知晓的；不熟悉的, 未被辨明身份的或未被确定未被辨明身份的或未被确定的的eg

13、. a man of unknown origin 来历不明者来历不明者 a man unknown to me 我不认识的人我不认识的人an unknown term 未知项未知项 an unknown artist 一位默默无闻的艺术家一位默默无闻的艺术家She received flowers from an unknown admirer. 从一个不知其名的敬慕者那儿收到鲜花从一个不知其名的敬慕者那儿收到鲜花 ransom 赎金赎金 premium 保险金，奖金保险金，奖金 pension 养老金，退休金养老金，退休金 allowance 津贴津贴 bonus 奖金奖金, 红利红利 c

14、ommission 佣金，同意给予提供服务的销售代佣金，同意给予提供服务的销售代表或代理人的酬金或百分比表或代理人的酬金或百分比 kick-back 回扣、酬金回扣、酬金, 归还已收到的一笔钱的一归还已收到的一笔钱的一部分，通常是由于压力、威力或秘密约定部分，通常是由于压力、威力或秘密约定 fund 基金，资金基金，资金 withdraw vt. 取回取回; 收回收回; 领回领回; 撤回撤回; 缩回缩回; 移开移开; 拉开拉开; 拿拿; 取消取消; 撤消撤消; 撤退撤退eg. withdraw ones hand from the hot stove 把手从热火把手从热火炉旁缩回炉旁缩回wit

15、hdraw money from the bank 从银行取款从银行取款withdraw troops from a place 从某地撤军从某地撤军withdraw the children from school 把孩子从学校领回把孩子从学校领回withdraw ones eyes from 把视线从把视线从.移开移开(不再看不再看.)withdraw a bill 撤消议案撤消议案withdraw a remark 收回发言收回发言 withdraw vi. 退回退回; 缩回缩回; 撤回撤回; 退出退出; 撤退撤退eg. He withdrew against the wall as t

16、he car passed by.车过时把身子紧靠着墙车过时把身子紧靠着墙withdraw from a meeting / discussion 退出会退出会议议/讨论讨论withdraw from society 隐遁隐遁The enemy troops had to withdraw. 敌人不得敌人不得不撤退。不撤退。After dinner the ladies withdrew. 饭后女士们饭后女士们退了席。退了席。 punctual adj.(1) Acting or arriving exactly at the time appointed; prompt.准时的准时的, 守时

17、的守时的, 精确地在约定的时间行动或到达精确地在约定的时间行动或到达eg. She is always punctual, but her friend is always late. 她总是很守时，可是她的朋友总是迟到。她总是很守时，可是她的朋友总是迟到。She is always punctual for the class 她总是准时去上课她总是准时去上课(2) Paid or accomplished at or by the appointed time 如期的如期的, 及时的及时的, 在约定时间或到约定时间为止偿还或完成在约定时间或到约定时间为止偿还或完成的的 eg. You sh

18、ould be punctual in answering business letters.你应该及时回复商业你应该及时回复商业信信函。函。 punctually adv. 按时地按时地, 如期地如期地 punctuality n. 严守时刻严守时刻, 准时准时 astonish 在现代英语中通常表示某事使人震惊得难以置信。在现代英语中通常表示某事使人震惊得难以置信。eg. The successful laying of the Atlantic cable astonished everybody: its later breaks astonished no one; but afte

19、r it was finally in operation. Many said that no future invention could surprise them. 在大西洋底下成功地铺设了电缆，这使得大家都感到骇然；在大西洋底下成功地铺设了电缆，这使得大家都感到骇然； 后来有几处电缆折断了，谁也不感到惊奇。不过在这些电缆后来有几处电缆折断了，谁也不感到惊奇。不过在这些电缆终于投入工作之后，许多人都说，未来的任何发明再也不会终于投入工作之后，许多人都说，未来的任何发明再也不会使人吃惊了。使人吃惊了。He was astonished at what he found. A man wa

20、s lying in the box on top of a pile of woolen goods.他所看到的使他大为震惊，箱子里的一堆毛织品上面躺着一他所看到的使他大为震惊，箱子里的一堆毛织品上面躺着一个人。个人。 surprise 是通用词，它的含义是使人一愣。这种吃是通用词，它的含义是使人一愣。这种吃惊可能包含着高兴也可能包含害怕或忧虑。惊可能包含着高兴也可能包含害怕或忧虑。eg. In spite of this, some people - including myself - were surprised by a recent exhibition of modern scu

21、lpture. 尽管如此，最近举办的现代雕塑展览会却使一些尽管如此，最近举办的现代雕塑展览会却使一些人人包括我在内包括我在内吃了一惊。吃了一惊。I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was as fat as ever. 我按响了门铃，毫不觉得奇怪地看到赫伯特仍然和我按响了门铃，毫不觉得奇怪地看到赫伯特仍然和以往一样胖。以往一样胖。 astound 比比 astonish 的词义强得多，常用于表示的词义强得多，常用于表示某件事你虽然认为有可能，但与你所发现的实际情某件事你虽然认为有可能，但与你所发现的实际情况之间有很

22、大差距。况之间有很大差距。eg. The police were astounded when Mrs. Ramsay told them what she had done. 当莱姆赛夫人把自己所做的事告诉了警察时，他们当莱姆赛夫人把自己所做的事告诉了警察时，他们为之骇然。为之骇然。He was astounded when he heard his son had taken drugs.他听说他儿子吸毒他听说他儿子吸毒,不禁大为惊讶。不禁大为惊讶。 amaze 所表示的吃惊中包含着使人迷惑不解、困窘或所表示的吃惊中包含着使人迷惑不解、困窘或惊疑不定。惊疑不定。eg. When the a

23、rchaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman 当考古学家把那些碎块拼起来的时候，他们惊诧地发现当考古学家把那些碎块拼起来的时候，他们惊诧地发现那女神原来是一个现代装束的妇女。那女神原来是一个现代装束的妇女。Scientists have been amazed to find that it can cut through the hardest rock with great ea

24、se, 科学家惊诧地发现，它可以轻而易举地钻穿最坚硬的岩科学家惊诧地发现，它可以轻而易举地钻穿最坚硬的岩石。石。 shock To strike with great surprise and emotional disturbance, To strike with disgust; offend.使使震惊；使震惊；使激怒激怒, 使使充满极度的惊奇充满极度的惊奇和情感上的不安定和情感上的不安定eg. I was shocked when I heard about your accident. 当我听到你出事后我很震惊。当我听到你出事后我很震惊。 These peculiar forms s

25、eemed designed to shock people emotionally.这些奇形怪状的设计这些奇形怪状的设计好像是为了给人感情上的强烈震惊。好像是为了给人感情上的强烈震惊。 Please close your text books. Listen to the tape of the text carefully and try to answer the following question: Why was Rastus “very dear” in more ways than one? (Because he was not only much loved but als

26、o very expensive.) Read the text by yourselves and pay attention to the usage of verbs. Explain the text: qMrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, had shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.(1) Structure: “a very wealthy lady” is used as an appositive to modify “Mrs. Eleano

27、r Ramsay”. “a very wealthy lady”做同位语修饰”Mrs. Eleanor Ramsay”。“Rastus” is used as an appositive to modify “her cat”. “Rastus”做同位语修饰“her cat”。 Explain the text: qMrs. Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, had shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years.(2) Phrases: share: vt. share st

28、h (with sb) （与某人）合用/共享/分担eg. I share a room with one of my classmates.我与一个同学同居一室。He shared the story with us. 他给我们讲了这个故事。vi. share in sth with sb (与某人）分享eg. They shared in the profits. 他们分享利润。 Explain the text: qShe looked everywhere for him but could not find him.(1) structure: “but” introduces a c

29、ompound statement. “but”连接并列句。(2) phrases: look for sth/sb 寻找 find 找到eg. I am looking for my gloves.我正在找我的手套。I found my gloves in my bag. 我在包里找到了我的手套。I have been looking for him everywhere, but I cant find him. 我到处找遍了也未能找到他。could not: shows a past action which was not completed successfully. It can

30、be replaced by “wasnt able to” or “didnt manage to”. 表过去未能成功完成的动作，可以换成“wasnt able to” 或“didnt manage to”。 Explain the text: qThe writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of 1,000 pounds.(1) structure: “that” introduced an objective cl

31、ause; the objective clause was made of a compound statement connected by “and”; then in the latter half of the compound statement there is a conditional clause introduced by “if”. “that”引出一个宾语从句，这个宾语从句是一个由“and”连接的并列句，并列句的后半部分又用了一个由“if”连接的条件状语从句。 Explain the text: qThe writer stated that Rastus was i

32、n safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of 1,000 pounds.(2) Phrases: in safe hands: in good hands, being managed well 在可靠的在可靠的/中用的人那里，在妥善的管理中中用的人那里，在妥善的管理中eg. I left the company in Bills good hands. 我把我把公司交给比尔做妥善管理。公司交给比尔做妥善管理。Dont worry about the children. They a

33、re in the safe hands of their grandmother. 不用担心孩子不用担心孩子们，他们的祖母把他们照顾的好好的。们，他们的祖母把他们照顾的好好的。 Explain the text: qThe writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs. Ramsay paid a ransom of 1,000 pounds.(2) Phrases: be returned: be given back 被归还return: give back; co

34、me/go back 归还；回来/去eg. Ill return your book to you tomorrow. 明天我会把书还给你。Ill return to Guangzhou next month. 我下个月回广州。 Explain the text: qAt first, she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again-the letter had made that quite clear-she changed her mind.(1) Main struct

35、ure: “She decided to go to the police, but she changed her mind.” “but” introduces a compound statement; in its latter clause, “fearing that” is a present participle with its own objective clause, it is used as an adverbial of reason; “the letter had made that quite clear” is a parenthesis. “but” 连接

36、一个并列句；并列句的后一个分句里连接一个并列句；并列句的后一个分句里“fearing that”是一个带有自己宾语从句的现在分是一个带有自己宾语从句的现在分词短语，作原因状语；词短语，作原因状语； “the letter had made that quite clear” 是插入语。是插入语。Explain the text: (2) Phrases: fearing that she would never see Rastus again: afraid of never seeing Rastus again, in fear of never seeing Rastus again

37、由于害怕再也见不到由于害怕再也见不到Rastus，“fear” 这里是动词这里是动词(v.)in fear of 处于害怕，担心的状态处于害怕，担心的状态 “fear” 这里是名词（这里是名词（n.） for fear of 唯恐，以免（避免发生危险）唯恐，以免（避免发生危险） “fear” 这里是名词（这里是名词（n.）eg. She slept with the light on in fear of darkness. 由于怕黑，她开着灯睡觉。由于怕黑，她开着灯睡觉。She turned on the light for fear of knocking down something. 她打开灯以免撞到什么东西。她打开灯以免撞到什么东西。Mary went home alone in fear of meeting robbers all the way.Mary独自回家了，一路上担心遇到强盗。独自回家了，一路上担心遇到强盗。Mary went home earlier for fear o