基于ADAMS的麦弗逊悬架运动学仿真分析外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

1、PAGE PAGE 10附录APerformance Kinematics Simulation of MacphersonSuspension Based on ADAMSWANG Yuefang, WANG Zhenhua(Department of Vehicle & Power Engineering，College of Mechatronics Engineering,North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030051, China)Phone:+863513920300 Fax:+863513922364 E-Mail:Abstr

2、act: The paper discusses a basic simulation way on founding a front suspension simulation model. It applies on method of multi-body dynamics and uses virtual prototyping technology software ADAMS building up Macpherson suspension entity mold. It analyzes the relations between a Macpherson suspension

3、 system and wheel alignment characteristic through kinematics simulation, and obtains the changing trend of the wheel alignment parameters. This provides theoretical foundation with further optimization design.Key words: Macpherson Suspension; Kinematics Simulation; ADAMS1. IntroductionSuspension sy

4、stem is a key part for cars, and has decisive effect on car drivability, stability, and comfortability. Because of its characteristics of simple structure, low cost and space economy, Macpherson suspension has become the most popular independent suspension since its emergence. Hence, the kinematics

5、analysis of Macpherson suspension has great significance. ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical System) is a simulation software of mechanical system used most widely in the world. Based on the ADAMS virtual model technology, the automobile suspension is regard as a multi-body system which

6、 parts connect and motion each other. With the help of ADAMS/View, this paper established multi-body dynamics model of Macpherson front suspension of some car which is increasingly wide used in modern car, and the effects of suspension parameters when wheel travel or turn were studied. The ADAMS ent

7、ity numeric suspension kinetics simulation provides an efficient and updated tool for developing suspension system.2. Simulation model2.1 Front suspension subsystem simulation modelFirstly, three-dimensional model of Macpherson suspension system in the Pro/E according to acquired geometric parameter

8、s is established. Secondly, ADAMS/CAR model is imported by utilizing MECHANISM/Pro, and the geometric characteristic parameters can be obtained from Pro/E three-dimensional documents. The founding model time is short and very accurate. Fig.1 is the model of Macpherson suspension subsystem. Table 1 i

9、s the constraints relationship between rigid bodies of front Macpherson suspension.Fig.1 Front Macpherson suspension subsystem1-lower triangle swinging arm 2-universal joint3-subsidiary car frame 4-upper suspension support 5-tie rod 6-wheel rim 7-driving axle 8-driving joint axle9-shock absorber 10-

10、rubber liner2.2 Steering subsystem simulation modelGear and rack steering system model adopts partial coordinate system. The base point lies in center of circle of steering wheel. The direction of x, y, z axle is radial, tangential, normal of steering wheel separately. Figure 2 is the model which co

11、ntains six rigid bodies that are rack, rack shell, gear axle, middle axle, steering limb and steering wheel axle. Three assembled bodies connect tie rod, subsidiary car frame and car body. Fig.2 is the model of steering system. Table 2 is the constraints relationship between rigid bodies of steering

12、 subsystem.Fig.2 The model of steering subsystem2.3 Simulation model of front Macpherson suspension systemFront Macpherson suspension subsystem and steering subsystem models from ADAMS/CAR that have been established are invoked. Then, combined parameters are input. So far , front Macpherson suspensi

13、on model is finished. Figure 3 is the kinematics simulation model of Macpherson suspension.Fig.3 Suspension simulation model3. Kinematics simulation analyses3.1 Data processInitial simulation conditions uniform actual parameters of the researched car. Utilizing ADAMS/CAR model simulates bilateral pa

14、rallel travel and opposite direction travel. So, the alteration of camber angle, kingpin inclination angle, caster angle and toe angle are analyzed. The structure of Macpherson suspensions left and right is symmetrical, it is totally the same to alignment parameters, only the left wheel alignment pa

15、rameters are analyzed3. The range that this car beats is 150mm -130mm actually. Under two kinds of operating modes, the comparison of changed curves on wheel alignment parameters are shown in Fig. 4-7.Fig.4 Camber angle vs wheel travelFig.5 Caster angle vs wheel travelFig.6 Toe angle vs wheel travel

16、Fig.7 Kingpin inclination angle vs wheel travel3.2 Discussion and analysis(1)In the process of wheel parallel travel and opposite travel, the alignment parameters change with the change of wheel vertical shift. In Fig.4, camber angle reduces firstly and increases secondly. The changing amount is 0.9

17、786. The change of camber angle contains two parts: the change of camber angle that comes from car body roll and the changing amount of camber angle that relates car body travel. In Fig.5, the change of caster angle with the wheel vertical shift rise sharply.(2)Under two kinds of operating modes of

18、wheel parallel travel and opposite travel, Fig.6 is shown , the change of toe angle is obviously. Under the operating modes of opposite travel, toe angle increases from -0.8029 to 1.6844. Its change affects car drivability and stability.(3)As we can see in Fig.4 and Fig.7, when the wheel travels dow

19、nward, the change range that is from 0-130mm, the changing trend of kingpin inclination angle is opposite to camber angle. This could aggravate the wheel wear. But, according to the theoretical relationship and adjust, proper and acceptedcorresponding relation can be obtained.4. ConclusionThis paper

20、 discusses kinematics simulation analysis on founding a front Macpherson suspension simulation model that uses technology software ADAMS. Three conclusions are as follows:(1)ADAMS/CAR model is imported from Pro/E by utilizing MECHANISM/Pro, but model can also be imported to SolidWork or UG in STEP f

21、ormat, then, imported to ADAMS in ParaSolid format.(2)The original wheel orientation parameters of Macpherson suspension meet the require. These indicate that the model is rational. The wheel wear range is accepted.(3)The change trend of the wheel alignment parameters is gained through kinematics si

22、mulation analysis of Macpherson suspension. Wheel alignment characteristic has effect on full-vehicle capability through suspension and Camber angle. On contrary, full-vehicle motion characteristic affects wheel alignment characteristic through suspension. In a word, virtual prototyping technology s

23、oftware ADAMS can greatly predigest design program and shorten exploitive cycle, greatly reduce exploitive expense and cost, clearly improve product quality and system capability to get optimized and innovated product.附录B基于ADAMS的麦弗逊悬架运动学仿真分析 王月芳，王振华 （中北大学车辆与动力工程系, 山西太原030051)摘要：本文讨论了一种建立麦弗逊前悬架模型的基本仿

24、真分析方法。它运用多体动力学的理论并在虚拟样机技术软件ADAMS上建立麦弗逊悬架实体模型。通过运动学仿真，分析了麦弗逊悬架系统与车轮定位参数特性之间的关系，得到车轮定位参数的变化趋势。这些为进一步优化设计提供了理论依据。关键词: 麦弗逊式悬架;运动仿真；ADAMS前言悬架系统是汽车的关键部件，对汽车的动力性，操纵稳定性，舒适性有决定性影响。由于它的结构简单，成本低，节省空间的特点，麦弗逊悬架从它诞生以后就成为了应用最广泛的独立悬架类型。因此对麦弗逊悬架进行运动学分析具有重要意义。ADAMS (Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical System)是世界

25、上应用最广泛的机械系统仿真软件。基于ADAMS虚拟样机技术，汽车悬架可以看作是各部件相互连接和运动的多体系统。借助于ADAMS/View，本文建立了某轿车的麦弗逊前悬架（在现代轿车上应用越来越广泛）的多体动力学模型，并研究了当车轮跳动，转动时，悬架结构参数产生的影响。在ADAMS上进行悬架动力学仿真为悬架技术的发展提供了有效而且及时的方法。仿真模型前悬架系统建模首先，根据必要的几何参数，在Pro/E中建立麦弗逊悬架的三维模型。其次，通过MECHANISM/Pro，ADAMS/CAR模型被导入，而且模型的几何参数通过Pro/E三维模型文件也能得到。建模花费时间短，并且精确。图1所示的即为麦弗逊悬

26、架子系统。表1列出了悬架各部件间的连接关系。图1：麦弗逊前悬架1-下三角摆臂；2-转向节3-副车架；4-悬架上支架5-转向横拉杆6-轮毂；7-传动轴8-传动轴节9-减震器；10-橡胶衬套转向系统模型 齿轮齿条式采用局部坐标系,坐标原点位于转向盘圆心处,x、y、z轴的方向分别为转向盘的径向、切向、法向。模型如图2,包括6个刚体,分别为齿条、齿条壳体、齿轮轴、中间轴、转向管柱和转向盘轴。3个装配刚体,分别用来连接转向横拉杆、副车架和车身。刚体之间的相互约束关系如表2。Fig.2 转向系统模型2.3 建立前悬架仿真平台模型在ADAMS/CAR 中调用上面建立好的前悬架子系统和转向子系统,输入相关参数,完成麦弗逊式悬架的建模。悬架运动学仿真模型如图3所示。图3：悬架运动学仿真平台模型运动学仿真分析3.1 数据处理仿真初始条件和