巧用构词法帮助解答高考猜词题

1、weightlifting Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. What does the word “shoplifter” mean? 商店里的小偷商店里的小偷 B. B. 商店里的推销员商店里的推销员 C.C.商店里的老客户商店里的老客户D.D.商店里的搬运工商店里的搬运工 shop+lifter shoplif

2、ter lifter n. 小偷小偷 Word Formation 构词法构词法巧用构词法原则帮助解答巧用构词法原则帮助解答 阅读理解中的猜测词义题阅读理解中的猜测词义题构词法构词法派生法派生法（Derivation）合成法合成法(Compounding) 转化法转化法（Conversion）缩略法缩略法（Abbreviation） able unable; teach teacherspace+ship spaceshipvisit v. visit n.Do it yourself. DIY一、一、派生法派生法（Derivation）由词根由词根(root)加前缀加前缀（prefix）或后

3、缀或后缀（suffix）构成新词。构成新词。un-否定前缀否定前缀dis-in-im-mis-non- understand politesmokeragreefairvisible Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep?1. over- : too muchoverwork , overeatabove sth; across overcoat, overheadSome important prefixes: The trains are _ on Friday evenin

4、gs. (crowded)overcrowded The WTO is an international organization.3. inter- between internet interchange intercommunicate He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely.2.en- 动词前缀动词前缀enable, endanger, Reading can _ your life.(rich)enrichSome important suffixes:-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -

5、less, -en等等sharpen a pencilstrengthenbrightensharp adj. sharpen v._strength _ bright The city government has decided to have the main streets _.A. wide B. widen C. widened D. widingC With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners ne

6、eded for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET)unconditional:nonjudgmental:无条件的，绝对的无条件的，绝对的没有判断力的没有判断力的二、二、合成法合成法（Compounding）highwaywaiting-roomkind-hearted 把两个或两个以上独立的词合成把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。一个新词。 However, most of our ideas about the futures are really very short-sighted, perhaps we can se

7、e some possibilities for the next fifty years.目光短浅的目光短浅的 For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs.生死攸关的生死攸关的 Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. honest or practical实事求是，脚踏实地实事求是，脚踏实地三、三、转化法

8、转化法（ Conversion ）由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。He is a man with broad shoulders.We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time.n. v. take/bear So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths, and think of something that gives you pleasureKeep in mind that forgiveness

9、 does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upsets you.(2004NMET)calmupsetshurt Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.四、四、缩略法缩略法（ Abbreviation ）DVMVPSOSWWWDigital VideoMost Valuable PlayerSave Our ShipWorld Wide Web1It would be easy for someone to mispresent himself

10、on line because you cant see him. Thus someone who says that “she is a 12-year-old girl.”could really be an old man.What does the word “mispresent ” mean? Making a wrong judgment about Understanding somebody wrongly Giving a wrong description of Forming a wrong opinion aboutmis- sth. is done wrong o

11、r badlypresent vt. describe2.The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables.The word “nonrecyclables” probably means? nonrecycling papers things that can not be recycled anything can be recycled recyc

12、lable thingsrecycle v. v. 使再循环，回收利用使再循环，回收利用recyclable adj. 可回收利用的可回收利用的nonrecyclable n. 不能回收利用的东西不能回收利用的东西3. Another myth about eyes is that they can be transplanted. It is quite difficult to connect an eyeball to a new brainThe word “transplant” probably means? To transport from one place to another To translate from one part to another To move from one part of the body to another To change one form to another.trans- changetr