【课件】Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures定语从句讲解课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

1、Introduce the picturesSu Bingtian runs fast. Su Bingtian is an athlete.Su Bingtian who/that is an athlete runs fast. who/that先行词关系词定语从句Su Bingtian who/that is an athlete runs fast.Discussion:1. 定语从句的作用?2. 关系词的作用?修饰 限定先行词1. 连接主句，从句2. 指代先行词3. 在从句中充当成分introduce the pictures Tokyo Olympics finally opene

2、d on July 23, 2021.Tokyo Olympics was put off for a year. which/that指物 从句中作主语 which/that合成：Tokyo Olympics which/ that was put off for a year finally opened on July 23, 2021 The medals have been given to winners at Olympics. The Japan Olympic Committee designed the medals. which/that指物 从句中作宾语 which/t

3、hat/省略合成：The medals which/that/省略 the Japan Olympic Committee designed have been given to winners at Olympics. Su Bingtian brought glory to our country. He broke the record at Tokyo Olympics who/that指人 从句中作主语 who/that合成：Su Bingtian who/that broke the record at Tokyo Olympics brought glory to our cou

4、ntry. Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player. the Olympic Committee chose her as the judge of the diving competitions. who/whom/ that指人 从句中作宾语 who/whom/that/省合成：Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player who /whom /that/省略 the Olympic Committee chose as the judge of the diving competitions. Guo Jingji

5、ng was a famous diving player. I learned a lot from her. whom指人 从句中作介词的宾语 whom合成：Guo Jingjing was a famous diving player from whom I learned a lot.Quan Hongchan won the competition.Quan Hongchans age is 14.whose合成：Quan Hongchan whose age is 14 won the competition. The Tokyo Olypmics were held withou

6、t audiences The Tokyo Olypmics opening ceremony caused much discussion whose whose 指 “物的” 从句中作定语 合成：The Tokyo Olypmics whose opening ceremony caused much discussion were held without audiences.先行词在从句中充当关系代词人主 who/that 宾 who/that/whom/省略物 (包括表时间，地点，原因的名词)主which/that 宾 which/that/省略人和物 主，宾that 人或物的定语

7、whose从句中主谓一致先行词1.I know a girl who _(like)red.先行词2. Jim reads books which_(be) fun.先行词 3. Do you know the things and persons that they _(be) talking about?先行词从句中的谓语动词形式likes areare定语从句中的主谓一致The mp4 that _ been given to me is home-made. ( have)I, who _ your classmate, will share the work with you. (

8、be )关系代词做从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词使用单数形式。hasamLearn to practice1. Tom is one of the boys that _(be) from the USA.2. Tom is the only boy that_(be) from the USA.areis【注意】He is one of the students who _ made great progress.Mr Wang is the only one of my friends who _ been invited to h

9、ave dinner with us. (have)one of +复数名词作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数形式。但若one前有 the （only） the（ just） the （very）修饰时，从句的谓语动词用单数形式havehaspracticeStep Two. Use attributive clause (定语从句) to introduce your favorite university, singers, or teachers.1. .is my favorite university which/that _ whose _ students are excellet

10、teach wellis located in 坐落于famous 2. .is my favorite singer who/whom/ that_ whose _ handsome 帅气 acts welltalented 有才dance welllegs are long 大长腿face is beautiful 颜值高strict/friendly 3. . is my favorite teacher who/ whom/ that_ whose_handsome 帅气 talented 有才students are excelletdance wellteach welllegs

11、are long 大长腿face is beautiful 颜值高famousstrict/friendlywho sings well whose voice is specialmake your choicewhose songs are written by herself.is my favorite singer who/that whose. is my favorite teacher . Favorite teachersfrom whom I learn a lot who/whom I respect Lets learn more 2021 is a special y

12、ear . A lot of events happened in the year. whichwhen 合成： 2021 is a special year when a lot of events happened . It is a glorious occasion（时刻）for Eliud Kipchoge The gold medal was awarded to him at the closing ceremony on that occasion.whichwhen合成：It is a glorious occasion（时刻）for Eliud Kipchoge when

13、 the gold medal was awarded to him at the closing ceremony This is Japan National Stadium.The opening ceremony was held in National Stadium. .whichwhere合成：This is Japan National Stadium where the opening ceremony was held.The Covid-19 pandemic has reached to a stage The Tokyo Olympics had to be held

14、 without audienceson that stage. whichwhere合成：The Covid-19 pandemic has reached to a stage where the Tokyo Olympics had to be held without audiences.The reason was that he made great efforts to practice.Ma Long won the award for that reason.whichwhy合成：The reason why Ma Long won the award was that he

15、 made great efforts to practice.先行词在从句中充当关系副词时间 地点或stage, point situation, scene, case, activity等抽象的地点名词 原因 时间状语地点状语原因状语when=介+时where=介+地why=for the reason1. I came to Ding Zhou high school that day _ I would never forget. 2. He failed the exam for some reasons_ he explained to me yesterday. 3. Do y

16、ou still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three days ago. which/thatwhich/thatwhich/that结论：是先行词在从句中充当的成分决定关系词，而不是先行词本身！practiceStep Five. Use attributive clause (定语从句) to introduce somethig.1. .is my most memorable occasion (时刻) /day/year when /(介词+which) 2. .is my favorite city where /(介词+whi

17、ch) 3. My study in high school have reached the stage where/ (介词+which) 4. My relationship with best friend has reached the stage where/ (介词+which)_ 5. .is the reason why / (for + which ) I _只用 that 情况1.当先行词是all /much /little/few /something /anything /everything /nothing/none等不定代词的时候，在定语从句中，先行词只能用th

18、at.2.当先行词前面有all/no/little/few/any等修饰时，只能用关系代词that。3.当先行词被the/only/the last/the very修饰的时候，定语从句只能用that。4.当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，关系词只能用that。5.当先行词被最高级修饰时，只能用that做关系代词。6.当先行词既有人又有物时，只能用关系代词that。只用 which 情况1、 在介词后面的关系代词用which而不能用that。即“介词+which（代物）” 。2、 在非限定性定语从句中用which，不能用that。3、有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已有which，另一个宜用t

19、hat。相反，如果其中一个为that，另一个宜用which。4、those +复数名词之后，多用which 。5、which用作疑问代词时，在特殊疑问句中用作宾语或主语。6、which 指代前边的整句话只用 who情况1. 先行词是one, ones 或者 anyone时， 先行词为those，或被those修饰时，指人时。2、 只指人，并且在从句中充当主语the man who is a new one has rent a flat in the downtown of New York.3. 在非限定性定语从句中作主语，并指人时。1.【2016北京】I live next door to

20、 a couple_children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which2.【2010湖南】Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which3.【2012重庆】Sales director is a position _communication ability is

21、just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where4.【2016天津】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.A. that B. where C. which D. when5.【2010山东】Wind power is an ancient source of energy ，_ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. b

22、y which C. to which D. from whichAADDC6.【2011安徽】Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.A. when B. which C. where D. while7.【2012天津】I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.A. who B. whose C. whom D. which8.

23、【2012江西】By 16:30, _ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A. which B. when C. what D. that9.【2014天津】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them10.【2014浙江 】I dont become a se

24、rious climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. whyCBABA11.【2011天津】The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. when B. that C. where D. which12.【2012江苏】After the flooding, people

25、 were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. who C. where D. what 13.【2013浙江】The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A. whatB. where C. when D. why14.

26、【2013江西】He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.A. what B. which C. where D. how15.【2010福建】Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. which D. whoseBBBAC16.【2017天津】My eldest son, _ work takes hi

27、m all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who17.【2015湖南】It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. as B. where C. that D. which18.【2012全国II】That evening, _ I will tell you mor

28、e about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when19.【2016江苏】Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of whichB. of themC. of whomD. of those20.【2016浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry

29、 tears , none of _ has been proved. A. whom B. which C. what D. thatBBBDC21.【2011陕西】I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that22.【2012安徽】 A lot of language learning,_ has been discovered, is happening in the first year

30、 of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this23.【2017江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. which B. its C. whose D. whom24.【2013辽宁】He may win the competition, _he is likely to get i