测试一：句子成分、简单句、并列句与复合句(1)(共8页)

1、闻超复习资料PAGE PAGE 6写作(xizu)基础复习一、句子成分(j zichngfn)（一）句子成分(j zichngfn)的定义：句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有_和_；次要成分有_,_,_,_,_,_和_。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体1.英语的主语必须是名词或相当于名词的语法成份。2. 这个主语必须能够承担谓语体现的动作。My study has made progress. I have made progress in my study.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and m

2、ore popular.（_）The rich should help the poor.（_）We often speak English in class.（_）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（_）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（_）Smoking does harm to the health.（_）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（_）It is necessary to

3、master a foreign language.（_）注意主语可由_、_、_、_、_、_和_等表示。1. 吃得太多对你健康没好处。_2. 今天下午我们要开会是真的。_3.这个问题很容易回答。_（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。_在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：实意动词 (Vt /Vi )、系动词、情态动词+ do 1、简单谓语：由一个_或_构成。如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由_或_加动词原形构成。You may keep the book for two weeks. He has cau

4、ght a bad cold. （2）由_加_构成。We are students.1.及物动词 ( Vt ) 必须跟宾语的动词； 【提示】* 句子有宾语要用Vt. * Vt后必须加宾语。*句子缺宾语，必须用被动语态。1. 他昨晚写了一封信。_2. I _ that the meeting should be put off. tell B. told C. was told D. am told2不及物动词 ( Vi ) 不能直接跟宾语的动词【提示】* 句子没有宾语要用Vi 。 * Vi后不能直接加宾语。 * Vi 没有被动语态。Nothing _ after the terrible fi

5、re caused by the careless doorkeeper. A. leftB. continuedC. keptD. remained3. 系动词: 后面能接形容词的就叫系动词【提示】系动词后接形容词;形容词前要加系动词;系动词没有被动语态。表示持续的状态: be , keep, remain, stay, stand表示状态变化的: become, get, turn, go, grow, fall, come表示感官的: feel, sound, taste, smell, look表示(biosh)表象的: appear, seem. Look表示(biosh)终止的:

6、prove, turn out1. 这个(zh ge)报告听上去挺有意思的。_2. 结果天气很好。_3. He looked _ at me and looked _.sad, sadB. sadly, sad C. sadly, sadD. sadly, sadly （四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。Our teacher of English is an American.（_）Is this watch yours?（_）The weather has turned

7、cold.（_）Time is up. The class is over.（_） The machine must be out of order.（_）His job is to teach English.（_）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（_）They felt excited at the speech.（_）The truth is that he has never been abroad.(_)（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。They went to see an exhibition（展览）yester

8、day.（_）The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(_）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（_）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（_）He pretended not to see me.（_）I enjoy listening to popular music.（_）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（_）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接

9、宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。His father named him Dongming.（_词）They painted their boat white.（_词）Let the fresh air in.（_词）You mustnt force him to lend his

10、money to you.（_）We saw her entering the room.（_）We found everything in the lab in good order.（_）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。Guilin is a beautiful city.（_）His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（_） He is reading an article about how to learn English. （_） The teaching plan for next term has bee

11、n worked out.（_） China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（_） Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（_）There are thirty women teachers is our school.（_)The students who work hard will make greater progress.（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征Light travels most quick

12、ly.（_）He has lived in the city for ten years.（_）He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（_）He is in the room making a model plane.（_）Dressed in white, the boy looks smart.Once you begin, you must continue. (_）状语种类(zhngli)如下：How about meeting again at six?（_状语(zhungy)）Las

13、t night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.（_状语(zhungy)）I shall go there if it doesnt rain.（_状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（_状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（_状语）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（_状语）In order to catch up with the others, I must wo

14、rk harder.（_状语）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（_状语）She works very hard though she is old.（_状语）I am taller than he is.（_状语）练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese

15、 painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the wo

16、rk in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom c

17、lean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.写作基础复习二: 简单句的五种基本句型高考考点探讨：简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。1. 主语 + 谓语：1) 电话响了。_2) 他住在广州。_3) 火车马上就要出站了。_4) 在过去五年中我的家乡发生了很大变化。_2.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语：He never played fo

18、otball in the park last year.I met the teacher in the street yesterday.Weve known each other before.I am listening to the radio.You must finish reading these books in two weeks.We all believe that Jack is an honest boy.1.他正在读一本小说。_2.今天下午我想和你谈谈(tn tn)。_3.主语(zhy) + 系动词 + 表语：1.This is an English-Chines

19、e dictionary. 2.The dinner smells good. 3. The machine is in good condition. 4. Everything remained untouched. 5. The question is who can complete the difficult task. 4.主语+谓语+间接(jin ji)宾语（人）+直接宾语 （物）1.他给了我一本字典。_2.我会把我的自行车借给你的。_3. 请把那本书递给我。_4. 她给我做了一件新衣服。_5. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语：1. We have proved him

20、 wrong.2. The teacher advises us to read it carefully. 3. We found the story very interesting.4. I heard them singing when I passed by.5. I found it very pleasant to be with you. *6. Ill have someone do it for you.7. He found the door closed.Exercise 1；1. Is, she, looks, too, thin, beautiful, but2.

21、a, few, way, later, minutes, we, on, the, were, to, the Mount Tai3. He， carry， to， me， help， box ，offered，the4. Then , he , the, began , to, discuss, partner, question, with, his,5. afternoon, a lot of, come, the, to, library, books, borrow, every, students, to6. at, age, of ,fifteen, famous, he, pi

22、anist, the, became, a7. The, save, machine, a lot of ,time, new, you, will, 8. loud, can , even, noises, people, mad, very, drive 9. when, I , I , entered, smelled ,the, kitchen, something , burning.10. it , they , morning, find, helpful, take ,exercise ,in, the, to.Homework: 根据下列图画中 Tom 骑自行车的经历，用英语

23、写一篇故事。请注意使用简单句的五种基本句型，使你的每一句话完整、正确。（请将你的句子或文章(wnzhng)写在作文本上）写作(xizu)基础复习(fx)三: 并列句、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句高考考点探讨：1祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋势。2高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。并列句的分类1、表示连接两个同等概念，_2、表示选择，_3、表示转折，_4、表示因果

24、关系，_祈使句：反意疑问句：感叹句：练习：简单句、并列句和复合句一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in

25、the evening.5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it?9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy c

26、ountry music.二、判断下列(xili)短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well（）. Im fine, but tired（）. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm（）. August is the hottest month here（）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（） Sometime

27、s we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（）. But he employs more men for t

28、he harvest（）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（）. It doesnt often rain in the summer here（）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（）. Every evening we pump water from a well（）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（）.Most Saturday evenings there is a

29、party, even at harvest time（）. These parties often make us very happy（）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（）. Its great（）! Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion（）. Some of my friends drink beer（）. I dont, because I have to drive home after the party（）. In your letter you asked about

30、the time in different areas of the States（）. There are five different time areas in the States（）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（）. How many different time areas do you have in China（）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（）. Please give my best regards to your parents（）. 三、选择

31、(xunz)填空：1. Give me one more minute _ Ill be able to finish it.A. andB. orC. ifD. so2. Its the third time that John has been late, _?A. hasnt heB. isnt he C. isnt itD. hasnt it3. _ joyful he was to meet his brother again!A. HowB. WhatC. What aD. What an4. Let us pass, _?A. shant weB. shall weC. wont

32、 weD. will you5. I suppose hes serious, _ ?A. do IB. dont IC. is heD. isnt he6. You had better not smoke here, _?A. will youB. had youC. shall youD. have you7. Train as hard as you can _ youll win the swimming competition.A. thenB. butC. andD. or8. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn

33、off the lights when you left the room last night.A. andB. butC. soD. because9. John has not yet passed the driving test, and _.A. Henry hasnt too B. Henry also has not either C. neither Henry has D. neither has Henry10. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, _ others enjoy s

34、wimming.A. orB. forC. whileD. so11. Do you feel like going out _ would you rather have dinner at home? Id like to go out.A. orB. andC. butD. so12. “_ is the temperature today?”“Its 38 degrees.”A. WhichB. HowC. How hotD. How high13. Your uncle isnt an engineer, is he? _.A. Yes, he isntB. No, he isntC

35、. No, he isD. He is14. _ friendly _ to everyone!A. How, is sheB. What, is sheC. How, she isD. What, she is15. Mary went to bed early, _ she felt very tired.A. orB. soC. forD. yet16. Mother _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. was makingB. makesC. is makingD. made17. He lay in bed _ read something bo

36、rrowed from library.A. butB. andC. orD. yet18. Id really like some lunch but I have so much work to do. _ what you want and I can get it for you.A. Tell meB. If you would say to meC. You will tell meD. If you tell me19. As he is strong, _ can lift one hundred pounds.A. yet heB. but heC. andD. he20.

37、I thought you had an umbrella. I had, _ Ive lost it.A. sinceB. butC. becauseD. so21. _ down the radio the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turnC. Turned D. Turn22. I dont like chicken _ fish. I dont like chicken _ I like fish very much.A. and, andB. and, butC. or, andD. or, but23. Woul

38、d you like to come to dinner tonight? Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but24. Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise25. She set out soon after dark _ home an hour later.A. arrivingB. to arriveC. having arrivedD. and arrived26. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice.A. angrily pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily pointedD. and angrily pointed27. She though