必修四-Unit-2-重点词汇教材课件

1、Unit 2Working the landPeriod 1Important words& expressions学习提纲:话题Important people，history and methods of agriculture(农业科学家、农业的历史和农业耕作)功能Persuasion(说服；劝说)语法The ving form as the Subject and Object(动词的ing形式作主语和宾语的用法)重点单词struggle，decade，hunger，disturbing，super，output，circulate，expand，battle，freedom，ther

2、efore，equip，export，chemical，confuse，regret，mineral，focus，reduce，rid，production，bacteria，summary，nutrition，skim，underline，comment, statisticoccupation, although, 重点短语rid.of，be satisfied with，thanks to，would rather，build up，lead to，focus on，keep.free from/of重点句型1 If so, what did you do to grow them?如果

3、这样，你做什么来种植它们？2Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil， making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如玉米和小麦。3He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。4.Using his hybrid

4、 rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.使用这种杂交水稻，农民们现在的收成是原来的两倍了。5.This special strain of rice make it possible to produce onethird more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的水稻使得在同一块农田里多生产三分之一的庄稼成为了可能 。6.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the

5、area of the fields.袁隆平博士不用扩大土地面积而寻找到一条增长稻米产量的方法。7Born into a poor farmers family in 1931，Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.袁隆平博士1931年出生在一个贫穷的农民家庭，1953年毕业于西南农业大学。8. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat？如果明天突然没有米吃了，你认为将会发生什么？9.Dr Yuan

6、Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。10Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 记忆有方sunburnt get sunburnt for sth. to do sth. satisfied with regret doing sth. to do sth. build up 6 导致；造成(后果)contribute to 导致7 . 使免受(影响、伤害

7、等)；使不含(有害物)be free from/of免受lead to keep free from/of hunger hungry disturbing freedom equipment occupy chemical nutritious discovery reduction .语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)1Thanks to his (努力) of (数十年), the increased (产量) of the crops the world (摆脱) hunger.2Seeing more goods (出口) and the foreign market (扩大

8、), he was (满意的)3 (有机的) farming (集中注意力于) the health of the food， (减少) the pollution of the (土壤) and products and (使免受化学药品和害虫的伤害)4His hard work (导致) the (发现) of underground (矿物)5I (后悔评价) on his work and I (宁愿) I hadnt done that.struggle decades output rid of exported expanding satisfied Organic focuse

9、s on reducing soil keeping free from chemicals pests led to discovery minerals regret commenting would rather .语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇) People struggled against hunger for several decades，but to their regret，they still couldnt increase the output of grain production. Therefore hunger was a disturbing probl

10、em then. 学习有道Dina，_for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(2010湖南，26)Astruggling BstruggledChaving struggled Dto struggle完成句子那两个领导人正在争夺权力。The two leaders_ _ _ _.她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。_ _ _ _a family on a very low income.are struggling for powerShes

11、struggling to bring up 词汇短语过关【助记】 Farmers always have to struggle _ a living. They often struggle _ the bad weather for a better harvest. Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling _ increase their income. 农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气斗争来争取好一点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到

12、大城市打工，努力地增加他们的收入。2.regret n遗憾，懊悔 vt.遗憾；惋惜(教材原句)His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他的父亲说，他从不后悔把儿子送到国外学习。联想拓展regret to do sth 遗憾/抱歉要去做某事.(常和tell，say，inform等动词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾regret doing/having done sth 后悔曾经做过某事regret not to have done sth 后悔没做过某事regretthatclause遗憾

13、Its to be regretted that.令人遗憾的是have no regrets about doing sth 没有遗憾做过某事feel regret for对感到后悔to ones regret令某人感到遗憾的是with great/deep regret很遗憾I regret_ you that John has been fired.I can hardly believe my ears. He is such a fine worker. (2013济南外国语学校质检)A. telling B. having told C. to tell D. to have tol

14、d“Tommy，run！Be quick！The house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with_ clearly in her voice. (2011湖北，21)Aanger Brudeness Cregret Dpanic完成句子Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，_ _ _ (她才后悔忽略了她妈妈)，“I dont know how to use a computer，”she admits. (2012湖南阅读理解B)学以致用did she regret ignoring

15、her mom十分抱歉，那工作已经有人做了。I_ _ _the job has been filled.她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。She deeply _ _ _ _.用所给动词的适当形式填空I regret (break) your glass；I will buy a new one for you.I regret (tell) you that you cant pass the examination.I regret (disturb) you so long.regret to sayregretted losing her temperhaving brokento tell

16、 disturbing You were brave enough to raise objections(反对)at the meeting.Well，now I regret _ that.Ato do Bto be doingCto have done Dhaving done3.focus vt.集中注意力；聚集,n.焦点；关注点；中心点(教材原句)They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。联想拓展focus ones attention/eyes/energy/mind on

17、.集中注意力/目光/精力/思想于focus on /upon sth. .(某人)把注意力集中于某物the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的重点out of focus模糊不清/焦点没有对准的in focus清晰的/焦点对准的bring o focus使成为关注的焦点We should focus our mind on work.我们应集中精力工作。I quickly focused the camera on the person in the middle of the group.我迅速把照相机的镜头对准人群中央的那个人。The issu

18、e of traffic safety has been brought sharply into focus this week.交通安全问题本周突然成为人们关注的焦点。This photo of John isnt in focus；I cant see his face clearly.约翰的这张照片不清晰，我不能看清他的脸。The action of the play is _ the struggle between the two women.Acentred on Bsituated onClocated in Dfocused onHe had a strange hairst

19、yle and he instantly became the _of attention the moment he stepped into the classroom.Aaim Bfocus Cdirection Dpoint完成句子But the differences between the place wed left behind and the one we returned to were_ _ _ _(尖锐地成为焦点)as soon as we landed.(2012湖北阅读理解A)For a typical mother，coping with a bad day at

20、 work meant_ _ _ _ _ _(把她的关注集中在她孩子的身上)and their needs.(2012上海阅读理解C)学以致用brought sharplyinto focusfocusing her attention on her children最近一连串的爆炸案把公众的注意力集中到了该地区。The recent wave of bombings _ _ _ _ _the region.用focus短语的适当形式填空The childrens faces are badly in the photograph.When a photograph isnt ，it isnt

21、 clear.The discussion three main problems.Because of her strange clothes，she immediately became when she entered the hall.has focused publicattention onout of focus in focus focused on the focus of attention 4expand vt.& vi. 扩大，增加；使变大；使增强；使膨胀；阐述；细谈expansive adj.易扩张的；易膨胀的；广阔的expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展归

22、纳拓展(1)expand into/in.使扩大，变大；把扩展expand on/upon 阐述，详谈(2)o.把扩展/发展成Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热则膨胀。A childs vocabulary expands through reading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。The small pocket dictionary was expanded into a larger volume.该袖珍词典被扩展为较大的词典。He expanded on/upon his new plan.他详述了他的新计划。同类辨析e

23、xpand，extend，spread，stretch与enlarge(1)expand展开，扩大，使膨胀；不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend伸长，延伸，指空间范围等的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。(3)spread伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。(4)stretch伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。(5)enlarge指面积、体积和范围的扩大以及能力的增长，不能用来指重量、速度、时间等。【链接训练】用 expand 的适当形式填空A tyre _ when it is pumped

24、air. The _ of gases usually depends on the temperature.Now the _ land is becoming smaller and smaller.用expand，extend，spread或stretch的适当形式填空The hot weather to October.Water when it freezes.He his body full.The fire soon to the nearby building.expandsexpansionexpansiveextendedexpandsstretchedspread5equ

25、ip vt.装备；配备 equipment nU装备；设备（不可数名词）归纳拓展(1)equip.for sth./to do sth.为了(做)而装备equip.with.用装备，使装(具)备equip oneself 整装，预备行装(2)be equipped for准备好，对有准备be equipped with装(配)备；安装be fully/specially/poorly/well equipped装备齐全/独特/简陋/完好a piece of equipment (不可用 an equipment)be equipped with.=equip.with.用装备equip sth

26、. on.在上装备某物equip sb. for.使某人具有A good education should equip you for life.良好的教育能使你受用终生。Its time to equip yourself for the journey abroad.你该准备出国的行装了。Our classroom is equipped with a TV set and a tape recorder.我们的教室里装有一台电视机和一台录音机。Our school has been given some new equipment.我们学校接收了一些赠送的新设备。The explorer

27、s were told to _ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage.Aassociate Bequip Crelate Dfeed6reduce vt. 缩减，减少；使处于状态(表示此种意义时，常用于被动语态)；使变弱；使降职(级)归纳拓展(1)reduce sth.(from sth.) to.把减少到reduce sth.(from sth.) by.把减少了be reduced to.沦落为be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce sb.(from sth.) to.把某人(从某级别

28、或职位)降至(2)reduction n减少，缩减；折扣；减价make a reduction减价(3)(反)increase v增加，增长，增大reduce sb. /sth. (from sth.) to sth.=be reduced to.使某人/某物陷入某种（通常指更坏的）状态或状况中（常用于被动语态中）Thanks to the diet，he reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 由于节食，他的体重从98千克减轻到92千克/减轻了6千克。He was reduced to despair at the sight.他

29、看到那情景便陷入了绝望。The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car in order to_ air pollution.Awarn BendangerCstop Dreduce【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思The rich man was reduced to a beggar. A. 减轻B. 减少C. 沦落reduce用来指人为地减少、降低

30、，不仅指量的变化，还指质的转变。指物体在大小、外观上的减少，也常指价格的降低。decrease指速度、体积、数量、价值等渐渐地、不断地减少。反义词为increase。cut down意为“减少；压缩”等，相当于及物或不及物动词。完成句子她的体重减轻了五公斤。She her weight 5 kilograms.他沦为盗贼。He stealing.据说那里的吸烟人数已减少了30%。The number of smokers there is said 30%.reducedbywas reduced toto have been reduced by7comment n&vi.评论，注释，意见归

31、纳拓展(1)make a comment/comments on/upon sth.评论某事without comment不必多说 no comment无可奉告(2)comment on/upon评论，谈论，对提意见comment that.评论He made several comments on the film.他对这部电影作出了许多评论。Before you make an offer，you should comment on the object.在你出价以前，应先对物品进行评论。Tom commented that it was a better play than usual.

32、汤姆评论说这场比赛比以往打得要好。He made several critical _ on his new book.Apunishments Bcomments Copinions Dideas【学情诊断】完成句子He made helpful our work.他对我们的工作提出了有益的意见。She didnt what I said.她对我的话未作评论。Many people it was an excellent film.许多人评论这部电影很精彩。comments on/about comment on/upon commented that 8 . confuse vt.使迷惑；

33、使为难；使混乱confusing adj.令人迷惑的联想拓展sth. confuse sb.某事使某人困惑confuse A with B把A和B混淆be confused in mind心烦意乱be/become/get confused困惑；不知所措be a confusion of是一片混乱的in confusion处于混乱状态(in a mess)cause confusion造成困惑/混乱They confused me by their conflicting advice.他们的建议相互矛盾，把我弄糊涂了。The difficult question confused him.这

34、个难题使他困惑。You confused Australia with Austria.你把澳大利亚和奥地利搞混了。His granddaughter confused the papers on his desk.他的孙女把他书桌上的书信文件弄乱了。(1) I was_ （昏头昏脑）by all the noise.(2)Im a bit_ （糊涂了）.Could you explain that again?(3)I was so _in todays history lesson. I didnt understand a thing.amazed B. neglected C. con

35、fused D. amusedHis words are quite (令人困惑)confusedconfusedconfusing 9. disturb vt.& vi.妨碍；打扰；扰乱；搞乱；使心神不宁联想拓展disturb sth.打扰了sb.be disturbed to do干使感到不安The noise in the street disturbed my study.街上的噪音干扰我学习。A light wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.一阵微风使平静的湖面泛起波纹。She was disturbed to hear ab

36、out her mothers sudden illness.她获悉母亲得急病后感到心神不安。disturb着重指“打扰(睡眠，工作)”；“使人心神不安”。interrupt着重指“打断(某人的)话；中断(工作)；打岔”。用disturb，interrupt的适当形式填空Dont me while Im working.Tell me whether I erruptam disturbing10.supply n补给;供给;供应品vt.补给;供给;提供联想拓展supply sth.供应某物supply sb.with sth.supply sth.to sb.(不可说suppl

37、y sb.sth.)供给某人某物sb.be supplied with sth.某人被提供某物sth.be supplied to sb.某物被提供给某人provide sb.with vide sth.for sb.供给某人某物offer sb.sth.offer sth.to sb.对某人提供某物温馨提示：supply 和provide不可跟双宾语；offer则可跟双宾语。Equipment for the research will be supplied by the university.研究用的设备将由本大学供应。The media supplies lots of

38、information to us every day.The media supplies us with lots of information every day.大众传播媒体每天把很多信息提供给我们。They have a good supply of food in the house.他们家备有大量食品。完成句子那些孩子们学习用的书籍没有得到充分供应。Those children books for studying.他们得到足够的食物供应了吗？Do they get food?are not well supplied withan adequate supply of11.ex

39、change vt.换；交流；交换；兑换vi.交换；兑换 n交换；交流；交谈；兑换联想拓展exchange sth.with sb.同某人交换/交流某事物exchange sth.for sth.用某物换取某物in exchange(for)作为(对的)交换make an exchange进行交换Hes giving her French lessons in exchange for her teaching him English.他教她法语，她教他英语，互教互学(作为交换条件)。完成句子我经常和他交换信息。I often him.我可以在这里把英镑兑换成美元吗？Can I here?ex

40、change information withexchange pounds for dollars12. 饥饿，欲望 n. 使饥饿 vt. & vi. 渴望，渴求 死于饥饿 渴望冒险 我们渴望自由。 渴望做某事 渴望得到某物 饿死 饿的 挨饿hungerhunger for= be hungry fordie of hungerhave a hunger for adventureWe hunger for freedom.hunger to do sth.hunger for sth.hunger to deathhungry adj. go hungryShe was fainting

41、with hunger.她因饥饿逐渐衰弱。Hunger drove her to steal.饥饿逼得她行窃。The little boy who ran away from home soon felt hungry. 从家里出走的那个小男孩不久便感到饿了。He has a hunger for/after knowledge. 他有强烈的求知欲。 渴望(+for/after)The whole world hungers for/after peace. 全世界的人都渴望和平。 He hungered for friends. 他渴望得到朋友。13.battle英音：btl 名词 n.战斗

42、;战役C交战;争斗U The ringleader was shot to death in a gun battle. 主犯在枪战中被击毙。The battle lasted three days.战斗连续了三天。His younger brother died in battle during World War II. 他弟弟在第二次世界大战中阵亡。 vt.与.作战;与.斗争vi.作战;战斗(+with/against);搏斗;奋The sailors battled with the winds and waves. 水手们与风浪搏斗。 The policeman used his b

43、aton to battle with the rascal.警察用警棍和歹徒搏斗。14. therefore adv. 因此；所以He has broken his leg; therefore, he cant walk.他伤了腿，因此，他走不了路。As is known to all, we are what we eat ,therefore, itsvery important for us to form healthy eating habits.众所周知，吃啥补啥，因此，养成健康饮食对我们来说是很重要的。He is only 17 and therefore he has no

44、 right to vote.他只有17岁，因此没有投票权。15 . export vt. vi. & n. 出口,输出,排出,出口货,输出量联想：反义词import 输入；进口；引进；进口货运用：根据中文提示填空。(1) Fruit _(出口) from this country. (2) Many new materials_ (输出) to foreign countries. (3)我们出口稻米,但进口小麦。We_. (4)非洲向欧洲出口牛肉。Africa is _Europe (5)你们国家有哪些主要的出口物品？What are the chief _your country? ex

45、ports ofis exportedare exportedexport rice but import wheatexporting beef to1. thanks to由于；幸亏；因为(教材原句)Thanks to his research，he UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。联想拓展表示“因为；由于”的短语还有：because of，owing to，due to，on account of，result from，as a result

46、(of)，for ones sake，for the sake of sb等。because of因为；由于owing to由于，因的缘故as a result of作为的结果，由于due to因为，由于 on account of由于for the reason of由于的原因Its acknowledged that the traffic accident was largely_ the drivers carelessness.Abecause Bdue toCthanks to Dwith a result of完成句子_ _ _ _(多亏了你的鼓励)，I made continu

47、ous progress in math，and finally made up my mind to study it in the university. (2012广东读写任务)学以致用Thanks to your encouragement(1)The failure of the plan was_（由于）bad management.(2)His absence was_(由于坏天气).due todue to the bad weather【点津】thanks to属非正式用语，在句中可作表语或状语。后面接的原因常带有积极意义，多用于好的方面，常译为“多亏”，引导的介词短语可置于

48、句首或句末。because of as a result ofowing to due to 语气最强,多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后,有时也可放在主句之前。和thanks to一样都属非正式用语,用于解释某件事发生的原因和过程。只是thanks to常带有积极意义。 as a result of后面接的原因通常带有消极意义。在句中作状语。 属较正式的用语，常用于正式的通告或公开声明，在句中多作状语。可以作表语或状语，在标准英语中不能位于句首。due to sth. /sb. 意为“由于，因为”。 In San Francisco, four hundred people were ki

49、lled as a result of/because of the earthquake. The accident was due to careless driving. Owing to a financial disagreement, the cooperation broke down and the two businessmen finally went their separate ways.2. build up逐渐增强；建立；开发(教材原句)These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies ove

50、r time.随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。联想拓展build sb/oneself up 增强体质build oneself up to sth 为做准备build up ones health/body 增进健康build up a fame 建立名声be built of用建成o把嵌(建、装)入build on在基础上发展；增(扩)建完成句子来往的车辆在通往市区的道路上越聚越多。Traffic _ _ _ on roads into the city.试试让他增加对自己的信心。Try and _ _ his confidence.用适当的介、副词填

51、空He has built a good business over the years.It is a cottage built entirely bamboo.The pipes were built concrete.Now we must build our success in Italy.Try and build his confidence a bit.学以致用is building upbuild upup of into on up Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere, causing the g

52、lobal temperature to go up. 温室气体继续在大气层中聚集，从而引起全球气温上升。Stevens played a key role in building up the company. 史蒂文斯在创建公司的过程中起了重要作用。Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind. 锻炼身体帮助我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。Hard working conditions can _ _ your character. (喻) 艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的品质。build up3. lead to导致

53、(result in) ；造成(后果) ；通向(不用于被动语态)(教材原句)Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化学物质会导致癌症或其他疾病。联想拓展lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事/引导某人做某事lead a.life 过着的生活(1)lead to中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或v.ing形式。(2)lead sb.to sth./sp.使得出(观点)/引导某人去lead o带某人进入lead the way领路；处于领先地位lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的

54、鼻子走lead sb.nowhere毫无成果in the lead处于领先地位 take the lead带头，领先Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。Teachers should lead students to think for themselves.老师应该引导学生独立思考。The discovery of new evidence led to _.Athe thief having caught Bcatching the th

55、iefCthe thief being caught Dthe thief to be caughtLook over theretheres a very long，winding path_ up to the house.(2011山东，27) Aleading Bleads Cled Dto lead完成句子A lack of confidence_ _ _ _(能引起很多痛苦) (2012福建短文填词)是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的？What _ _ _ _ _acting as a career?这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。This misprint_ _great confusion.学以致用can lead to a lot of sufferingled you to take upled to4rid.of摆脱，除去(不好的东西)归纳拓展(1)rid.of.常于用结构 be rid of或get rid of中。(2)get rid of处理掉；摆脱be rid of已摆脱掉，已除掉rid oneself of.摆脱；从解脱The dentist rid me of the pain by taking out the tooth.牙医把这颗牙拔掉，解除了我的疼痛。Im glad to be rid of debt n