英语时态及相关习题大全课件

1、初中八种时态时态学习是英语学习重点，是学习其他语法的基础，应与重点学习。第1页，共37页。一般现在时态（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning . She is at home .(二)构成 主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es。(三)句型 1、肯定句：主语+谓语+其他。 She reads English everyday . 2、否定句：主语+dont/doesnt+谓语+其他。 He doesnt get up at 6:30 in the mor

2、ning . 3、一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+V原+其他？ Do you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I dont .第2页，共37页。一般现在时态4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他？ What time do you get up every morning ? Where does your father work ?（三）用法 1、表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，带与表示频率的时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everyday year，month） , once

3、/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等连用。 I leave home for school at seven every morning . 2、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句。 The sun rises in the east . 日出东方。 The earth goes around the sun . 地球绕着太阳转。 Ten minus two is eight. 十减二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound . 光的速度比声音的速度快。 The United Stat

4、es lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。 3、根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you come this afternoon, well have a meeting .第3页，共37页。4、仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了描述现阶段的动作或状态，其重点不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态。

5、例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音乐。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。（四）动词第三人称单数形式变化规则 1、一

6、般情况下，动词后直接加-s;如：help-helps ,clean-cleans ,give-gives等。 2、以s，x，ch，sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾加-es;如：dress-dresses,fix-fixes,watch-watches,finish-finishes等。 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i，再加-es;如：study-studies,fly-flies,carry-carries等。 4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have改为has，如：He has an interesting book .5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be改为am，遇有主

7、语是第二人称时，be改为are，遇有主语是第三人称单数时，be改为is 第4页，共37页。一般现在时练习题1I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to London.2. He doeant feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning.3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) something with great interest.4. I _(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it.5. Wh

8、ile we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us.6. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep). 7.Its seven now, Toms family_(watch) TV.8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night.9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash) clothes.10. _ it _ (rain) when

9、school was over yesterday?11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football.12. There _ (be) a football match on TV this evening.13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday.14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class? 15. Will you come if he _ (not come)?16. The teacher told us th

10、e earth _ (move) round the sun. 17She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.19. I dont know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there.第5页，共37页。一般现在时态单项选

11、择：1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain2. There _ an English film next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking4. She _ down and soon fell

12、asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to6. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken

13、 D.is take第6页，共37页。一般现在时态 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters9.the teacher asked us _ to school on time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes10. John is always _ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C.

14、 work D. worked12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do13. He sat down _ a rest. A. having B. have C. to have D. had14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make15. Jim decided _ Pol

15、ly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave第7页，共37页。一般过去时（一）结构 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。（如表所示）注：在一般过去时的句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词，其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用，were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡是由be动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加not,即wasnt 或werent，变一般疑问句将was/ were放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当，如stayedwentvisite

16、d等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加didnt，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把did提到句首，动词用原形 基本结构否定词一般疑问句 Be动词Was/were+notwas或were提前，放于句首 行为动词Didnt+doDid+主语+do（动词原形） 第8页，共37页。I was in Shanghai last year .I wasnt in Shanghai last year . Was you in Shanghai last year ? He went to the park yesterday . He didnt go to the

17、 park yesterday ? Did he go to the park yesterday ?（二）句式 1、肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。 I was in Beijing yesterday . I went to the beach yesterday . 2、否定句：主语+wasnt 或werent+其他。 主语+didnt + V原+其他。 I wasnt in Beijing yesterday . I didnt go to the beach yesterday . 3、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V原+其他？ Did +主语+V原+其他？ Were you

18、 in Beijing yesterday ? Did you go to the beach yesterday ? 第9页，共37页。一般过去时态4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他？ 特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他？ Where were you yesterday ? Where did yougo yesterday ?（三）用法 1、表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间里所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last week(month , year),ago,the other day ,just now ,at the ag

19、e of,in 1980等连用。如： At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano . 2、表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street . 3、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时。 He said he wouldnt go if it rained .（四）动词过去式的规则变化1) 一般情况下, 在动词原形末尾加-ed ; 如look-looked2) 结尾是字母e 的

20、动词加-d, 如 practice-practiced；3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y” 的动词, 变“y”为“i” 再加ed, 如study studied;4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾的辅音字母，再加ed, 如stop stopped。第10页，共37页。一般过去时态不规则动词表Infinitive Past tense Infinitive Past tensecatch caught come camedo did draw drewdrink drank drive droveeat ate fall fell am is was are werebegin begun break

21、 brokebring brought build builtbuy bought can could动词过去式的记忆口诀动词一般过去时, 表示过去发生事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；谓语动词过去式, 过去时间坐标志；一般动词加- ed, 若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单, 主语之后didnt添；疑问句也不难, did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did, 谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were, 否定就把not添。第11页，共37页。一般过去时态（练习） 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (rea

22、d) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (

23、find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.12. 12. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday.13. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)14. He

24、 _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)15. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.16. _ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _.17. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.18 We _ (go) to school on Sunday.19. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.

25、20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.第12页，共37页。一般将来时 （一）概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。There will be an English party next Saturday .We will come to see you to

26、morrow .（二）结构1、由will +动词原形构成，其will适用于各种人称，与主语连在一起时，常常缩写为ll。变否定句时，只需在will后加not，可缩写为wont 。在疑问句中，will需提前，构成will+主语+动词原形的结构。 He will arrive here this evening .他今晚抵达这里。2、shall+动词原形（常用于主语为第一人称）I shall / will not be free tomorrow .我明天没空。3、be going to+动词原形（打算、准备做某事） He is going to spend his holidays in Lond

27、on . 他打算在伦敦度假 第13页，共37页。一般将来时态（三）用法 1、表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day（week，month，year）， this evening (weekend ), in the future , in a few minutes， the day after tomorrow ,by， soon 等连用。I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week .I hope you wont be late next time . 2、当主句为一般现在时，在以

28、after,when,while,as soon as ,if ,unless等引导的时间或条件句中，要用一般现在时表将来。Ill do it better if the teacher gives me another chance .第14页，共37页。一般将来时态一般将来时练习题一、单项选择( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month

29、. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to

30、be( ) 5. -_ you _ free tomorrow? - No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. - Shall I buy a cup of

31、 tea for you? -_. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. - Where is the morning paper? - I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( )

32、10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have第15页，共37页。一般将来时态 ( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as

33、 soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating.A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. - Will his parent

34、s go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? - No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. wi

35、ll doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park.A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( )

36、 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be第16页，共37页。过去将来时 表示过去的某时以后将要发生的动作。但这个将来时间绝不会延伸到“现在”；而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。由此可以看出，含这个时态的句子常带一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语。这个状语或是一个短语，或是一个句子。这个时态常用于：A）宾语从句或间接引语中；B）表示过去习惯性的动作；C）表示过去情况中的“愿望”、“倾向”，多用于否定句。例如：A) When I tho

37、ught about it , I wondered what their reaction would be . 当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是什么。She told me that she would go on trip to Europe the next day. 她告诉我，她第二天要去欧洲旅行 第17页，共37页。过去将来时态He didnt expect that we would all be there. 他没料到我们会全在那儿。B) During that period , he would do morning-exercises every day. 在那段时间

38、，他每天早锻炼。Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with some housework. 无论他什么时间有空,他总是帮他妈妈干点家务活。C) No matter how difficult the work was , he would keep on doing it until he accomplished it . 不管工作有多难，他总会坚持不懈地把它干完。They knew that we would never permit such a thing. 他们知道我们绝不会允许发生这样的事。Even after the l

39、ecture ended, the audience would not leave . 甚至在讲座结束之后，听众仍不肯离去。过去将来时基本结构过去将来时由would, was/were going to, was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形构成, 也可由was/were on the point of加动名词构成。例句：I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。过去将来时练习题第18页，共37页。过去将来时态I. 选择填空1. Li Ming s

40、aid he _happy if Brian_to China next month. A. as; come B. was; would come C. would be; came D. will be; come2. Jenny said she _her holiday in China. A. spent B. would spent C. was going to spent D. would spend3. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day

41、. A. will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming5. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take6. We were not sure w

42、hether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. have grown7. She _ to work when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to go第19页，共37页。现在进行时（一）结构 由 Be(amisare) 动词ing 构成。（二）用法1、表示说话时刻正在进行的动作及行为，或者包括说话时刻在内的一段时间正在进行的动作。常用时间状语及标志词：now

43、( at the moment ) , listen , look , this week , this evening , these days 等。 Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room . 2、表示一种渐进的过程。My younger brother is becoming more and more insterested in English .第20页，共37页。现在进行时3、与always , all the time , forever等连用，表示说话人某种强烈的情感，如：赞许、批评；喜欢、厌恶等。例如：H

44、e is always thinking of others , not of himself . （表示赞许）他总是为他人着想，而不为自己。She is often doing well at school. （表示满意）她在学校学习挺不错的。Are you feeling better today? （表示亲切）你今天觉得好一些吗？One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.（表示不满）我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。Some sellers are often knocking at our door and promoting

45、 their products to us .（表示不喜欢） 有些推销员老是敲我家的门,向我们推销他们的产品。4、表示移位的动词，如go,come,leave,start,arrive等，其现在进行时可表将来。 She is leaving for Beijing next weak .My friend is coming for dinner .第21页，共37页。现在进行时（三）句型 1、肯定句：主语+ be(amisare) 动词ing +其他。 I am studying now . 2、否定句：主语+ be +not+动词ing +其他。 I am not studying now

46、 . 3、一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词ing +其他？ Is she studying now ? Yes ,she is ./No,she isnt . 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Be+主语+动词ing +其他？ What are you doing now ? （四）动词的现在分词形式构成的几种方法： 1、一般在动词原形结尾直接加-ing 。read-reading ，go-going ，visit-visiting 2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing。 live-living, write-writing，make-making,take-taking 3、以重读闭音节结

47、尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写这个字母再加-ing 。sit-sitting,begin-beginning,get-getting,run-running,put-putting 4、少数几个以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加-ing。 die-dying, lie-lying, tie-tying第22页，共37页。现在进行时1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _

48、you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is 第23页，共37页。过去进行时 （一）结构

49、 由was/were+动词-ing构成。（二）用法 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。动作发生的特指时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明，如：at this time yesterday，at 7:00 yesterday ，last night ,from seven to nine ,at that time以when或while引导的时间状语从句等。 My family were watching TV at this time yesterday . 注意：（1）以when引导的时间状语从句中，从句动作，主句用过去进行时，表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行。 Whe

50、n he called me , I was having dinner . （2）以while引导的时间状语从句中，从句与主句的动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，while常译为“当的时候，同时”。 Tom was doing his hmework while hie sister was watching TV .第24页，共37页。过去进行时 1.I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2.He

51、said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3.While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4.They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were wat

52、ching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5.What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, sawc. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting

53、 d. got第25页，共37页。过去进行时7.Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8.A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9.We _

54、for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10.He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11.While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. d

55、id, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12._ you angry then? they _ too much noise.a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made第26页，共37页。现在完成时（一）含义 现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是

56、：现在我没有钱花了。)Jane has laid the table.(含义是：已可以吃饭了。) Michael has been ill.(含义是：现在仍然很虚弱。) He has returned from abroad. (含义是：现在已在此地)（二）结构 助动词have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have 。第27页，共37页。现在完成时（三）句型 1、肯定句：主语+have /has+动词过去分词+其他。 I have studied English for 5 years . 2、否定句：主语+have /has+not +动词过去分词+其他。

57、We havent been there . 3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他？ Has he eaten that apple ? 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？（四）用法 1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与for, since连用。 e.g. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 2、现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, re

58、cently, lately等：e.g. He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet?第28页，共37页。现在完成时 3、现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等：e.g. Have you ever been to B

59、eijing? I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 4、现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to pr

60、esent, so far等。e.g. Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has bee too much rain this year. The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years. Up to the present everything has been successful.第29页，共37页。现在完成时 5、现在