非谓语动词总复习课件

1、 非谓语动词分类：to do - 不定式 doing 动名词 现在分词 done 过去分词注：使用非谓语动词也要考虑时态语态，（除了过去分词）非谓语动词的使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词，在没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时，例如：She got off the bus, _(leave)her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but_ (leave) her handbag on her seat.leavingleft主语宾语表语定语状语宾补动名词不定式分词现在，我们简要回顾其主要考点：非谓语动词的句法功能一. 不定式1. 不定

2、式的时态和语态：主 动被 动一般式进行式完成式to doto be doneto be doingto have doneto have been done无We plan to pay a visit.The teacher ordered the work to be done. The boy pretended to be working hard.I happened to have seen the film.Read and think:2. 不定式的用法：2.1 -It is silly of you _ all eggs in one basket. - That was t

3、he worst mistake Ive ever made.to put B. to have putC. putting D. having putB2.1 不定式做主语。2.2 My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _ the filled bottles.to put B. puttingC. having put D. being putA2.2 不定式作表语。有些动词之后常跟to do作宾语，此类动词有如agree, offer, intend/plan, demand/ask, p

4、romise, help, prepare, decide, refuse, choose, wish/hope/want/expect, fail, pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, claim, aim, hesitate等2.3 不定式作宾语同意提出做计划，要求答应来帮忙准备决定遭拒绝，敢于选择有希望不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心坚恳求安排买得起，生成目标不犹豫2.3 Mr. Smith warned his daughter _ after drinking.never to drive B. to never driveC. never

5、 driving D. never driveA2.4 不定式作宾补。常用在ask, tell, expect, encourage, advise, order, inspire等词后注意：有些动词后接不带to的不定式做宾补 ，五看：watch, look at, see, observe, notice 三使：let, make , have 两听：hear, listen to一感觉：feel eg：I saw him _ (walk) into the park. His mother made him _(get) up early in winter.walkgetHe was s

6、een _ (walk) into the park.to walk动词不定式可用在被the first，the second，the last，the only和最高级等限定的名词或代词的后面作定语。He is always the first to come and the last to leave school.We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.I have a meeting to attend.There are a lot of work to do.The ability to commun

7、icate with others well is very important in the society.2.5 作定语。1(2010重庆卷)Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one_first is the library.Arepaired Bbeing repairedCrepairing Dto be repaired2. I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed

8、 D. being completedDB不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。1不定式用来作目的状语：往往译作“为了，想要”。放在句中不用逗号隔开He worked day and night to get the money. 2.6 作状语。1. He is too tired to get up early.2不定式用于too.to；only to do等结构中作结果状语。Translate：他太疲惫了而不能早起。2.他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。2. He hurried to the booking office_

9、all the tickets had been sold out.only to be told 3. 不定式做原因状语常用于一些表情绪的形容词后，例如 happy, glad, pleased, sad, sorry, disappointed等1.They were very sad to hear the news. 2. Im sorry to trouble you.Translate:他们听到这个消息很悲伤。我很抱歉麻烦你。二. 动名词1. 动名词的时态和语态： 主动语态 被动语态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been doneMy

10、 hobby is swimming.He came to the party without being invited.It is a waste of + n. + (in) doing sth. It is little/no good/use doing sth.It is useless doing sth.2.动名词的用法：2.1 作主语。2.2. 以下动词用动名词作宾语：avoid , miss, postpone, advise, finish, practise, enjoy, imagine, cant help, admit, deny, envy, escape, r

11、isk, excuse, stand, keep ,mind避免错过少延期，建议完成多练习喜欢想象禁不住，承认否定与嫉妒逃避冒险莫原谅，忍受保持不介意 不定式作宾语和动名词作宾语的区别：I.有些词跟to do和doing作宾语时，区别不大，如like, love, hate, prefer, continue, begin, start 。II.区别以下结构：try to do/doing mean to do/doingstop to do/doinggo on to do/doingremember/ forget/ regret to do/ doing 1. Im sorry I fo

12、rgot _ your dictionary. Lets borrow one from Li Ming. A. to take B. taking C. to bring D. bringing2. My brother regretted _ a lecture given by Professor Liu.not attending B. not to attending C. attended D. being attendedCA 三、 分 词现在分词表示正在进行或主动的意义，而过去分词表示被动或已经完成的意义。falling leaves the rising sunfallen

13、leaves the risen sunboiling water developing countriesboiled water developed countries 1. 分词的基本意义：1.2分词的时态和形式 主动语态 被动语态一般式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been done过去分词只有一种形式 done3.1.1 现在分词作定语，表主动意义；3.1.2 过去分词作定语，表被动完成意义；Eg：There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the p

14、ark.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.1.A few days after the interviewI received a letter me admission to the university. Aoffering Boffered Chaving offered Dto be offered2.Its reported that the bridge _ next year will be very long. A. being built B. building

15、C. to be built D. built3. Black boxes, _ to record Flight data together with pilots conversation and noises from the aircraft, are important for people to find out the cause of an air crash. designB. designingC. designedD. were designedACC3.2 分词作表语I am surprised to hear the news.The news is surprisi

16、ng.3.2 分词作宾补We heard him singing the song when we came in. We have heard the song sung twice. We heard him sing the song all day long.1.The missing boys were last seen near the river.Aplaying Bto be playing CplayDto play2.The next morning she found the man in bed, dead.AlyingBlie Clay DLaying3.Becau

17、se of my poor English Im afraid I cant make myself _. understand B. be understood C. understood D. understanding AAC3.4.1 We often provide our children with toys , footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things.thinking B. thinkC. to think D. thoughtA3.4.1 现分作状语，主动，表原因。3.4 分词作状语：3.4

18、.2 _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without the many similarities.Compared B. Being comparedC. Comparing D. Having compared C3.4.2 现分作状语，主动， 表时间。3.4.3 Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table.A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doingC3.4.3 现分作状语，主动，表伴

19、随。3.4.4 _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player.Having given B. To give C. Giving D. GivenD3.4.4过分作状语，被动，表条件。3.4.5 A lot of good land has gone with them, _ only sand.to leave B. leaving C. left D. being leavingB3.4.5 现分作状语， 主动，表结果。*to do 也表结果,如：e.g. He hurried to the station only to find the t

20、rain gone.区别：不定式表预料之外的结果；现分表自然的结果。四 归纳非谓语动词的作用及形式非谓语动词形式不定式动名词分词主宾表定状补非谓语 主 动 式 被 动 式 形式一般式进行式完成式一般式进行式完成式 不定式动名词现分过分to dodoingdoingdoneto be doingto have donehaving donehaving doneto be done being done being doneto have been done having been done having been done五 独立主格结构1. 分词的独立主格：The meeting _ ove

21、r, he went to pick up his son directly.A. to be B. is C. was D. beingD分词在句中作状语时，可以有自己的逻辑主语，由名词或代词的主格充当，置于分词前，这种结构称为分词的独立主格结构。它不是句子，因为没有实际的主语和谓语，表时间，原因，条件或方式。1.1 _, well go out for a walk.Weather permits B. Weather to permitC. Weather permitted D. Weather permittingD1.2 Tom looked a t Jenny, tears _

22、his eyes, and shouted out the words _ in his heart for years.filling; having been hidden filled; hidden C. filling; hidden D. filled; hidingC1.3 Everything _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.to take B. takenC. to be taken D. takingBMore:He guiding the blind girl, they walked slo

23、wly across the street.She lay against the wall, the sun shining upon her face.4.The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit5.Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared to B. comparing toC. compare to D. compared to6._ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A. Use B. Using C. Used D. To use7._ at the door before you enter my room, please.A. Knock B. Knocking C. Knocked D. To