【校本课程教材】英语语言文本品读与赏析

1、英语语言文本品读与赏析内容安排：（1）神话传说1Apollo/2TheLittleMatchGirl/3ThePiedPiperofHamelin2）人物故事1PopStarandSongwriter:HanHong/2SpecialFundinHonorofHongZhanhui/3LouisArmstrong3）社会风情1TheOriginofKiss/2InternationalLeft-handersDay/3MakeSportsaKindofCulture4）人生态度与理想1YouAretheWorld/2FacingLifePositively/3Honesty5）历史文化1Stu

2、dyingdifference/2SpringFestivalsSymbols/3Cleopatra,QueenofEgypt6）科学与经济1GreenhouseEffectOccurred5,000YearsAgo/2ChinasNew“FourGreatInventions”/3ChinaslaunchingplansforShenzhou7PartIMythsandTales神话传说Lesson1TheLittleMatchGirl卖火柴的小女孩Onceuponatime,alittlegirltriedtomakealivingbysellingmatchesinthestreet.I

3、twasNewYearsEveandthesnowcladstreetsweredeserted.Frombrightlylitwindowscamethetinkle（发出清脆的声响）oflaughterandthesoundofsinging.PeopleweregettingreadytobringintheNewYear.Butthepoorlittlematchsellersatsadlybesidethefountain.Herraggeddressandwornscarfdidnotkeepoutthecoldandshetriedtokeepherbarefeetfromtou

4、chingthefrozenground.Shehadntsoldoneboxofmatchesalldayandshewasfrightenedtogohome,forherfatherwouldcertainlybeangry.Itwouldntbemuchwarmeranyway,inthedraughtyattic（阁楼）thatwasherhome.Thelittlegirlsfingerswerefrozenwithcold.Ifonlyshecouldlightamatch!Butwhatwouldherfathersayatsuchawaste!Falteringly（迟疑地）

5、shetookoutamatchandlitit.Whatanicewarmflame!Thelittlematchsellercuppedherhandoverit,andasshedidso,shemagicallysawinitslightabigbrightlyburningstove.Sheheldoutherhandstotheheat,butjustthenthematchwentoutandthevisionfaded.Thenightseemedblackerthanbeforeanditwasgettingcolder.Ashiver（寒噤）ranthroughthelit

6、tlegirlsthinbody.Afterhesitatingforalongtime,shestruckanothermatchonthewall,andthistime,theglimmerturnedthewallintoagreatsheetofcrystal.Beyondthatstoodafinetableladenwithfoodandlitbyacandlestick.Holdingoutherarmstowardstheplates,thelittlematchsellerseemedtopassthroughtheglass,butthenthematchwentouta

7、ndthemagicfaded.Poorthing:injustafewsecondsshehadcaughtaglimpseofeverythingthatlifehaddeniedher:warmthandgoodthingstoeat.Hereyeswerefilledwithtearsandsheliftedhergazetothelitwindows,prayingthatshetoomightknowalittleofsuchhappiness.Shelitthethirdmatchandanevenmorewonderfulthinghappened.TherestoodaChr

8、istmastreehungwithhundredsofcandles,glittering（闪烁）withtinsel（金属箔）andcoloredballs.“Oh.Howlovely!”shoutedthelittlematchseller,holdingupthematch.Then,thematchburnedherfingerandwentout.ThelightfromtheChristmascandlesrosehigherandhigher,thenoneofthelightsfell,leavingatrailbehindit.“Someoneisdying,”murmur

9、edthelittlegirl,assherememberedherbelovedGrannywhousedtosay:“Whenastarfalls,aheartstopsbeating!”Scarcelyawareofwhatshewasdoing,thelittlematchsellerlitanothermatch.Thistime,shesawhergrandmother.“Granny,staywithme!”shepleaded,asshelitonematchaftertheother,sothathergrandmothercouldnotdisappearlikeallth

10、eothervisions.However,Grannydidnotdisappearbutgazedsmilinglyather.Thensheopenedherarmsandthelittlegirlhuggedhercrying:“Granny,takemeawaywithyou!”Acolddaydawnedandapalesunshoneonthefountainandtheicyroad.Closebylaythelifelessbodyofalittlegirlsurroundedbyspentmatches.“Poorlittlething!”exclaimedthepasse

11、rs-by.“Shewastryingtokeepwarm!”Butbythattime,thelittlematchsellerwasfarawaywherethereisneithercold,hungernorpain.Lesson2ThePiedPiperofHamelin哈米伦的吹笛人ThepiperTheycamefromthehillsAndtheycamefromthevalleysandtheplainsTheystruggledinthecoldIntheheatandthesnowandintherainCametohearhimplayPlaytheirmindsawa

12、y*WereallfollowingastrangemelodyWereallsummonedbyatuneWerefollowingthepiperAndwedancebeneaththemoonWerefollowingthepiperAndwedancebeneaththemoonforhimAndwedancebeneaththemoon吹笛人阿巴合唱团他们来自山坡来自山谷，来自平原他们在寒冷中挣扎在酷热、冰雪、大雨中挣扎只为了听他的演奏来使他们丧失理智我们都跟随着一段诡异的旋律我们都受某种音调的召唤我们都追随着吹笛人在月光下起舞我们都追随着吹笛人在月光下为他起舞在月光下起舞他们从南方

13、来从西方、北方、东方前来他们都在等他TheycamefromthesouthFromthewestandthenorthandfromtheeastTheywaitedforthemanLikeaparishiswaitingforthepriestLongedtohearhimplayPlaytheirmindsawayHegavethemadreamHeseducedeverybodyinthelandThefireinhiseyesAndthefearwasaweaponinhishand像信徒们等待着牧师等着听他演奏来使他们丧失理智他给了人们一个梦境他诱惑着每一个人他的眼里有火在烧恐惧

14、便是他手里的武器于是，人们任他吹奏来使他们丧失理智SotheylethimplayPlaytheirmindsaway这首歌的故事背景取材自格林童话里的V哈米伦的吹笛人。一二八四年,哈米伦市鼠患严重，市民公开悬赏，只要有人能除去鼠患，必有重赏。不久，来了一位吹笛人，他吹起梦幻般的音乐，全城的老鼠仿佛被催眠一般，随着笛声通通跳进了河里，鼠患于是宣告解除。没想到事过之后，哈米伦市民却不愿信守承诺，拒绝付钱给吹笛人。吹笛人一气之下，再度吹起有魔力的笛音，这回跟在他身后起舞的，却是全城所有的小孩，市民眼睁睁看着孩子跟着吹笛人走出城外，从此一去不返，音讯全无但后悔也来不及了。Onceuponatime,

15、onthebanksofagreatriverinthenorthofGermanylayatowncalledHamelin.ThecitizensofHamelinwerehonestpeoplewholivedcontentedlyintheirgreystonehouses.Theyearswentby,andthetowngrewveryrich.Thenoneday,anextraordinarythinghappenedtodisturbthepeace.Hamelinhadalwayshadrats,andalottoo.Buttheyhadneverbeenadanger,f

16、orthecatshadalwayssolvedtheratproblemintheusualwaybykillingthem.Allatonce,however,theratsbegantomultiply.Intheend,ablackseaofratsswarmedoverthewholetown.First,theyattackedthebarnsandstorehousesthen,forlackofanythingbetter,theygnawed（啃）thewood,clothoranythingatall.Theonethingtheydidnteatwasmetal.Thet

17、errifiedcitizensflockedtopleadwiththetowncouncilors（委员会）tofreethemfromtheplagueofrats（鼠疫）.Butthecouncilhad,foralongtime,beensittingintheMayorsroom,tryingtothinkofaplan.“Whatweneedisanarmyofcats!”Butallthecatsweredead.“Wellputdownpoisonedfoodthen.”Butmostofthefoodwasalreadygoneandnopoisonstoppedthera

18、ts.“Itjustcantbedonewithouthelp!”saidtheMayorsadly.Justthen,whilethecitizensmilledaroundoutside,therewasaloudknockatthedoor.“Whocanthatbe?”thecityfatherswondereduneasily,mindfuloftheangrycrowds.Theygingerlyopenedthedoor.Andtotheirsurprise,therestoodatallthinmandressedinbrightlycoloredclothes,withalo

19、ngfeatherinhishat,andwavingagoldpipeatthem.“Ivefreedothertownsofbeetlesandbats,”thestrangerannounced,“andforathousandflorins,Illridyouofyourrats.”“Athousandflorins!”exclaimedtheMayor.“Wellgiveyoufiftythousandifyousucceed!”Atoncethestrangerhurriedaway,saying,“Itslatenow,butatdawntomorrow,therewontbea

20、ratleftinHamelin!”Thesunwasstillbelowthehorizon,whenthesoundofapipewaftedthroughthestreetsofHamelin.Thepiedpiperslowlymadehiswaythroughthehousesandbehindhimflockedtherats.Outtheyscamperedfromdoors,windowsandgutters（沟）,ratsofeverysize,allafterthepiper.Andasheplayed,thestrangermarcheddowntotheriverand

21、straightintothewater,uptohismiddle.Behindhimswarmedtheratsandeveryonewasdrownedandsweptawaybythecurrent.Bythetimethesunwashighinthesky,therewasnotasingleratinthetown.Therewasevengreaterdelightatthetownhall,untilthepipertriedtoclaimhispayment.“Fiftythousandflorins?”exclaimedthecouncilors,“Never.”“Ath

22、ousandflorinsatleast!”criedthepiedpiperangrily.ButtheMayorbrokein.“Theratsarealldeadnowandtheycannevercomeback.Sobegratefulforfiftyflorins,oryoullnotgeteventhat.”Hiseyesflashingwithanger,thepiedpiperpointedathreateningfingerattheMayor.“Youllbitterlyregreteverbreakingyourpromise,”hesaid,anddisappeare

23、d.Ashiveroffearranthroughthecouncilors,buttheMayorshruggedandsaidexcitedly,“Wevesavedfiftythousandflorins!”Thatnight,freedfromthenightmareoftherats,thecitizensofHamelinsleptmoresoundlythanever.Andwhenthestrangesoundofpipingwaftedthroughthestreetsatdawn,onlythechildrenheardit.Drawnasbymagic,theyhurri

24、edoutoftheirhomes.Again,thepiedpiperpacedthroughthetown,thistime,itwaschildrenofallsizesthatflockedathisheelstothesoundofhisstrangepiping.Thelongprocessionsoonleftthetownandmadeitswaythroughthewoodandacrosstheforesttillitreachedthefootofahugemountain.Whenthepipercametothedarkrock,heplayedhispipeeven

25、louderstillandagreatdoorcreakedopen.Beyondlayacave.Introopedthechildrenbehindthepiedpiper,andwhenthelastchildhadgoneintothedarkness,thedoorcreakedshut.Agreatlandslide（山崩）camedownthemountainblockingtheentrancetothecaveforever.Onlyonelittlelameboyescapedthisfate.Itwashewhotoldtheanxiouscitizens,search

26、ingfortheirchildren,whathadhappened.Andnomatterwhatpeopledid,themountainnevergaveupitsvictims.ManyyearsweretopassbeforethemerryvoicesofotherchildrenwouldringthroughthestreetsofHamelinbutthememoryoftheharshlessonlingeredineveryonesheartandwaspasseddownfromfathertosonthroughthecenturies.Lesson3盘古开天地Pa

27、nguSeparatesSkyfromEarthChinahasahistorylongerthanthatofanyotherpresent-daynation,containingaplethoraofmythsandlegends.RegardedastheChineseAdambyWesterners,thefirstfigureinChinashistorywasnamedPangu.Accordingtolegend,inthebeginning,therewasonlydarknessandchaos,andtheskyandearthwereoneblurredentity.T

28、hisvastegg,astheChinesecallit,wassubjectedtotwoopposingforcesorprinciples.Theinteractionbetweenthetwoforcestheyin(passiveornegativefemaleprinciple)andyang(activeorpositivemaleprinciple)gavebirthtoPangu,causingtheeggsshelltocrack.Panguhasbeendepictedinmanyways.Hesometimesappearsasadwarfwithtwohornson

29、hishead,clothedinskinsorleaves,andholdingahammerinonehandandachiselintheotherorthesymboloftheyinandyang.Panghasalsobeenportrayedholdingthesuninonehandandthemoonintheother.Heisoftenaccompaniedbyhiscompanions,thefoursupernaturalanimals:thephoenix,dragon,unicornandtortoise.Theseparationoftheskyandearth

30、took18,000yearstocomplete:theyang,whichwaslightandpure,rosetobecomethesky;theyin,whichwasheavyandmurky,sanktoformtheearth.BetweentheskyandearthwasPangu,whounderwentninechangeseveryday:Hiswisdomgreaterthanthatoftheskyandhisabilitygreaterthanthatoftheearth.Everydaytheskyrosetenfeet,theearthbecametenfe

31、etthickerandPangugrewtenfeettaller.Another18,000yearspassedandtheskywasveryhigh;theearth,denseandPangu,extremelytall.Hisbodythendissolvedandhisheadbecamethemountains;hisbreath,thewindandclouds;hisvoice,thethunder;hislefteye,thesunandhisrighteye,themoon.Pangusbeardbecamethestars;hisfourlimbs,thefourq

32、uadrantsoftheglobe;hisblood,theriversandhisveinsandmuscles,thelayersoftheearth.Hisfleshbecamethesoil;hisskinandhair,thetreesandplants;hissemen,pearls;hismarrow,preciousstonesandhissweatturnedintorain.Allinall,Panguandtheuniversebecameone.（泛读材料）PartIIFigurestories人物故事Lesson1自由斗士曼德拉纳尔逊曼德拉出生于南非特兰斯凯一个大酋

33、长家庭，曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。他成功地组织并领导了“蔑视不公正法令运动”，赢得了全体黑人的尊敬。曼德拉曾在牢中服刑了27年，在其40年的政治生涯中获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。被尊称为南非国父。NelsonMandela纳尔逊曼德拉UniversityCollegeofFortHare海尔堡大学Johannesburg约翰内斯堡ANC(AfricanNationalCongress)YouthLeague非洲人国民大会(非国大)青年联盟SouthAfricanAfrikaner-dominated南非白人统治的Mandela曼德拉SouthAfri

34、catheNobelPeacePrize诺贝尔奖F.W.deKlerk弗雷威廉姆德克勒克SouthAfricanbio-pic传记片Ivehadagreatideaforamovie,NelsonMandela.Well,thatwouldcertainlybeaninterestingtopic.Ithoughtthatwecouldstartinhischildhood,hislifeinprisonandthenhisachievementslaterinlife.Soundsgood.Mandelawaseducatedatalocalmissionschool.Heenteredth

35、eUniversityCollegeofFortHareandquicklybecameactiveinstudentpolitics.Isthatwhyhewaskickedoutofuniversity?Thatsright.Ithinkhewasalittletoooutspokenforhistime.SothenhemovedtoJohannesburgandfinishedhisuniversityeducation.Hethenenteredintothestudyandsubsequentlythepracticeoflaw.Ithinklawwasagoodchoiceofm

36、ajorforhim.Afterthat,heformedtheANC(AfricanNationalCongress)YouthLeague,totransformtheANCfromanelitistpoliticalunionintoamorebroadly-basedpoliticalmovement.AstheapartheidpolicybegantoreachdeeperintoSouthAfricanlife,MandelafoundhimselfconstantlyinoppositiontotheofficialpoliticallineoftheAfrikaner-dom

37、inatedgovernment.Iguessthatwasthebeginningofwhyhewassenttoprisonin1962for27years.Canyouimagine,27yearsinsolitaryconfinement!Andmostofthattimewasspentdoinghardlabour.Thatjustshowshisstrengthofcharacter.Manymenwouldhavegoneinsane,Imsure.Duringhisimprisonment,Mandelabecameasymboloftheanti-apartheidmove

38、mentamongSouthAfricasblackpopulationandamongtheinternationalcommunitythatopposedapartheid.Yes,andhealsorejectedgovernmentoffersforhimtoleaveprison,aslongasherenouncedviolence.MandelasharedtheNobelPeacePrizein1993withF.W.deKlerk,SouthAfricaslastwhitepresident.TheircombinedeffortsendedapartheidinSouth

39、Africa.Whatanamazingman!Threeyearsafterhisrelease,SouthAfricansofallraceswereallowedtovoteforthefirsttimeinanationalelection.TheyselectedMandelaastheirpresident,givinghim62%ofthevote.Ithinkthatthisbio-piccouldbeourbestprojectever.Hewasbanned,thenarrestedduringthelate1950s.(泛读材料)Lesson2PopStarandSong

40、writer:HanHong士才章流行歌星和创作者：韩红SongsaboutTibetaregrowinginpopularityamongChinaspopmusiccirclestoday,andtheyvecausedalotofinterestintheregion.ButthesongsofHanHong,aTibetan-bornyoungsong-writer,areparticularlybeautifulbecausetheyrebasedonherownexperiencesandknowledgeoftheculture.ManypeopledidntexpectHanH

41、ongtobecomeafamouspopstarinChina,forshedidnthavetheattractivelookandslimfigurethatisusuallyassociatedwithsuccessfulpersonalitiesinthepopindustry.Despitediscouragingcomments,HanHonghasnevergivenupherpursuitofacareerinmusic.Nowshehasbecomefamousforbeingoneofthefewall-aroundfemalemusicianswhonotonlysin

42、gswell,butisaverysuccessfulsongwriter.HanHongwasbornin1971inXigaze,thesecondlargestcityintheTibetafterLhasa,andwasgiventheTibetanname,GesangZhuoma.ThatswhyquiteanumberofhersongsaredeeplyrootedwithTibetancultureandmusictraditions.Attheageofnine,HanHongcametoBeijingtoreceiveprofessionalvocaltrainingin

43、achildrenschorus（合唱团）.Thiswasjustthestartofthelongwayinpursuitofaprofessionalmusicalcareer.In1985,14-year-oldHanHongwonherfirstnationalprizeinasingingcompetition.HanHongsambitiongoesfarbeyondjustbeingapopsinger,though.Shealsowritesherownmusic.Shestartedcomposingsongsin1993,withouthavinghadanyprofess

44、ionaltraining.Maybethishelpedherformherownstyle,whichhasbecomepopularwithsomanylisteners.QuiteanumberofHanHongssongscombineelementsofclassicalTibetanfolkmusicwithpopmusic.HersongshavethrownalightonthemysteriousandrichcultureofTibetandcausedalotofinterest.ThesongBrilliantRaysonaSnowyLandscape雪域光芒）iso

45、neofHanHongsearlyworks,whichconveysthevastness（广博）andbeautyofTibet.ItsweptvariouspopsongbillboardsacrossChina,receivingmorethan20awards.AsapopsingerinBeijing,shealsotrieddifferentstylesofmusic,suchasJazz,R&B,RockandRollandLatinmusic.Lesson3LouisArmstrong路易斯阿姆斯壮Louis“Satchmo”Armstrong（19001971）,anAfr

46、ican-Americanmusician,isoneofthemostimportantfiguresinthehistoryofjazz.Inthe1920s,thistrumpeter,singerandbandleaderbeganexploringtheboundariesofjazztechniqueandstyle.Mastersofjazztodayadmittheirdebttothispioneer.Armstrongsgiftwasobviousfromthestartofhiscareer.Hisearliestrecordingsfirstwithabandledby

47、hisformerteacher,Joe“King”Oliver,andthenwithhisownbandearnedArmstronginternationalfamefortechnicaloriginality.Hefreedhisplayingfromtheordinaryrhythms（节奏）ofearlyjazzbycreatingmusicalphrasesthatseemedtogoagainstthepulseofasong,onlytocombinethemintheplacelater.Hisdeepandroughvoicebecameasspecialashisco

48、rnet（短号）playing,especiallyinhisscatperformances.Scatisasingingstyleinwhichmeaninglesssyllables（音节）arerepeatedwithoutpreparation.Armstrongsscatwasamongtheearliesteverrecorded.By1930,Armstronghadturnedtomorecommercial,lessexperimentaljazz.Somemusicianscriticizedhimforthis.Butothersinsistedthattherealp

49、owerofArmstrongsartlayinitsgraceandsensitivity,finequalitiesoftheheartwhichremainedinhismusic.Inthefollowingyears,Armstrongtraveledaroundtheworldastheleading“goodwillambassador”ofAmericanjazzmusic.Thegentlenessandgreatattractionof“Satchmo”filledhismusicandmadehimoneoftheworldsmostbelovedperformersfo

50、roverfortyyears.Part皿Socialcustoms社会风情Lesson1TheOriginofKiss接吻风俗的起源Overtime,thecustomofkissingdevelopedasawayforadultstoexpresstheirloveandaffectionforoneanother.Therootsofthisformofaffectioncandatebacktoprimitivetimes,whenmothersfondled（爱抚）theirchildren,muchasmothersdotoday.Muchlater,inthesixthcent

51、ury,societyacceptedthecustomofkissingbetweenadultsasanexpressionoftheiraffection.Notsurprisingly,Francefirstacceptedkissingincourtship（求爱）andinlove.There,figuredancingwastherage,andeachdancewassealedwithakiss.ThecustomofkissingsweptfromFrancethroughEuropetoRussia,whereRussiannobilitylovedtoapetheFre

52、nch.Eventually,thekisswasincorporatedintomarriageceremonies,andtodaylipslockcouplesintosweetmatrimony.Thecustomofkissingtoday,aswellasinancienttimes,servestoshowrespect,andtopayhomage（敬意）toanother.Forexample,earlyRomanskissedeachotheronthemouthorontheeyestogreetoneanotherinamannertheyseemedtobedigni

53、fied.OneRomanemperorevenrankedapersonsimportancebythebodyphewasallowedtokiss.Heallowedimportantnoblestokisshislips,lessimportantonestokisshishands,andtheleastimportantonestokisshisfeet.InRussia,thehighestsignofrecognitionfromthecrownmeantakissfromtheTsar（沙皇）himself.Today,nativesofmanyAfricantribespa

54、yhomagetotheirchiefbykissingthegroundoverwhichhehaswalked.Lesson2InternationalLeft-handersDay国际左撇子日Ifyouarealeftie（左撇子）,thenLeftHandersDayisjustforyou!Theworldisbuiltforrighthanders.Inschool,haveyoueverseenalefthandeddesk?Theydontexist.Manylefthandeditemscostmore.Thecomputermouseisdesignedforrightha

55、nders.Scissorsareforrighthanders.Onlyaleftywouldunderstandthis.Butdoyouknowthatrighthandedpeopleoperateintheleftsideofthebrain?Lefthandedpeopleusetherightside.Therefore,onlylefthandedpeopleareintheirrightmind.Lefthandershavecertainlyearnedtherighttohaveadayspecialforthem.Thisspecialdaywasfirstdeclar

56、edandcelebratedonFriday,August13,1976byanorganizationcalledLefthandersInternational.Theychosetoopentheirbusinessonthatdaytoaddressthemyths（荒诞说法）andmisconceptions（误解）aboutleft-handers.Theypublishedamagazineforleft-handersandtheysoldleft-handedproductsformorethantwentyyearsbeforegoingoutofbusinessafew

57、yearsago.Theholidayiscelebratedannuallyonthe13thofAugust.ButLeft-HandersDayisnotmerelyacelebrationofthecreativesuperiorityoflefties,italsoaimsatraisingawarenessofthedifficultiespresentedbyaright-handedworld.Thisisadayforleft-handerstoshowtheirprideandpaytributeto（歌颂）famousleft-handerspastandpresent,

58、includingsomeofourgreatestartists,athletesandentertainers.Furthermore,thisdayistopraisethecreativityandtalentsofthoselefthanderswhoarelessfamousbutequallyproductivemembersofthesociety.Sotakeaminutetoappreciateyourlefthandedfriendsandlovedones.DontforgettosendthemaLeft-HandersDayE-cardtoshowyourrespe

59、ct.Rememberthat“Leftieshaverights!”Lesson3MakeSportsaKindofCultureAlargenumberofchildrentodaytakepartinsportsnotbecausetheyloveit,butbecausetheirparentspushthemintothefiledformedalsandmoney.Sportsunfortunatelyarebecominglessofaculture.Whatisdrivingchildrenawayfromsports?Thatmightbethetoughcompetitio

60、nevenatlocallevelsandthatthepeopleonlypayattentiontowinners.Theprideofjusttakingpartinaneventseemstohavebeenlost.Chinatodayisapowerfulcountryofsports.ItwassecondonlytotheUnitedStatesinthegoldmedallistatthe2004AthensOlympics,andsomeexpertsexpectittotopthemedallistatthe2008BeijingOlympics.Butwestillde