人教版(新教材)高中英语选修1Unit5 Working the Land学案1：晨读材料

1、Unit 5 Working the Landdevote v.献身；致力；专心(l)devote time/effort/moneyto为付出时间/努力/金钱devote oneself to献身于； 专心致力于devoted忠实的；深爱的devotion n.挚爱；关爱；关照；奉献表示“专心于,全神贯注于”的短语还有:be absorbed in, be lost in, be buried in, be occupied in, focus on, concentrate on, fix ones attention onshortage n.缺乏；缺少；短缺food/housing/w

2、ater shortages 食物/住房/用水短缺a shortage of funds 资金缺乏short adj.缺乏的；缺少的；短缺的fall short of sth.未到达；不符合be short of缺乏,短缺in short总之；简言之yield n.产量；产出；利润vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)vi.屈服；让 步vi.放弃；缴出yield (to sth. /sb.)屈服；让步yield sth. /sb. (up) (to sb.) 放弃;缴出yield to sth.被替代；为所取代a high crop yield 作物丰收a reduction in milk

3、 yield牛奶产量的降低convince试使确信，使相信convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事be convinced of sth.相信某事be convinced that 相信某事convincing adj.令人信月艮的第一局部：说明辩论的主题、参与者等第二局部：列举正方的观点及其理由第三局部：列举反方的观点及其理由第四局部：说明自己的观点4.常见的写作用语(1)总结There are different opinions among people as to.We had a heated discussi

4、on about.Different people hold different opinions.Opinions are divided.People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards.People have different opinions on this problem.People take different views on this question.表达不同观点.of them hold the opinion that.of them are in favour of the idea that.People

5、who are for/against the idea think.Some people believe that.Others argue that.不同观点之间的衔接用语However, .of them hold a different view, /.of them hold the opposite opinion.People who are against it dont think so.However, each coin has two sides.Different from those. , .people think.On the other hand, .peo

6、ple object that.and, as well as, also.besides, in addition, moreover, whats more.unlike, on the contrary, on the other hand.attain瓦（经过努力）获得；得到；达至U（年龄、水平、状况等）attainable adj,可获得的；可到达的attainment n. 到达； 成就conventional adj.常规的；传统的；保守的assumption .假定；设想；承当；担任make an assumption 假设； 认为on the assumption that在

7、假定的情况下assume 假定；设想；承当assume that.假设assume office 就职assume responsibility 承当责任assume an air/expression of.装出的样 子/表情assuming that假定（作连词用,相当于if）overcome vt. & vi.战胜；克服；控制（感情）be overcome with被（感情）所控制，受到情绪的极大影响expand vt. &沅.使变大;伸展expand （）into（把）扩展到expand on/upon详述；充分表达comprise vt.包括；包含；由组成（不用于进行时）vt.是（某

8、事物的）组成局部;组成；构成be comprised of = consist of 由组成comprise = make sth. upgenerate W.产生;引起generate electricity/heat/power 发电/产生热 / 动力generate income/profit 产生收益 / 利润generation KuD （尤指电、热等的）产生/pl. v. 2 （统称）一代人，同代人, 同辈人；代，一代，一辈the generation of electricity 发电methods of income generation 产生收益的方法stories pass

9、ed down from generation to generation 世代相传的故事generator n.发电机urban adj.城市的；市镇的urbanization n.都市化；城市化alleviate vt.减轻；缓解alleviation n.减轻；缓解；缓和；镇痛物digest vt.消化（食物）；领悟，融会贯通vi.消化 儿摘要；文摘digestion n.消化digestive adj.消化的；易消化的alternative n.可能的选择。的.供选择的；非传统的alternative energy 可替代能源an alternative to.的替代品have the

10、 alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择；可以做某事have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事depth n.向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）the depth of a cut/wound/crack 刀 口/伤 口/裂 口 深度the depths of the ocean 海洋深处live in the depths of the country （= a long way from a town）住在偏远地区in the depths of winter （= when it is coldest）在隆冬季节in de

11、pth全面地；深入地；详细地be out of your depth在水深没顶（或够不着底）的地方；非某人所能理解；为某人力所不及deep adj.深的；厚的；纵深的；有深的root n.根;根茎;根部;根源口.（使）生根；翻寻deep spreading roots扎得很深的根root crops/vegetables 根茎作物/蔬菜pigs rooting for food 拱土觅食的猪II.重点短语care for照顾；关心；喜欢care about, care for和care with都有“关心担忧”的意思，但是在表示介意”“计较”意 思时，要用care abouto在表示“关怀”“

12、照顾”“想要”的意思时，要用care for。far from远非；绝不far from后常接名词、动名词或形容词。far from the truth/case 远非事实far from satisfactory 远不令人满意take on（1）承当，接受（尤指艰巨工作或重大责任）（2）呈现，显出（新面貌或新特点）（3）（公共汽车、船舶等）上（客），装（货），补充（燃料）（4）雇用；录用make use of利用；使用make good/full use of 好好/充分利用make the best of充分利用（有利条件）make the most of充分/尽量利用（有利条件）make

13、 little use of几乎不利用；不充分利用now that 既然类似although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用，当since, now that引 导原因状语从句时，主句前不能加so等连词。make up one*s mind 下决心； 决定change ones mind 改变主意keep/have sth. in mind 记住某事lose ones mind 失去理智n turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流by turns轮流；交替take ones turn 轮流做It!s ones turn to do轮到某人做某事turn to求助于；求教于t

14、urn against 反对turn away 回绝turn up调大；出现turn off关掉turn back往回走 turn down关小；调低turn in 上交 turn on接通； 翻开keepfree of/from使免受（影响、伤害等）；使不含（有害物）keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep sth. from sb.不将某事告诉某人ke叩sb. doing sth.使某人不停地做某事keep in touch with 与保持联系keep sb. /sth. out of sth.不让某人/某物入内keep an eye on sth.注意；看

15、守keep on doing sth.继续做某事for instance( = for example)例如；比方常见的表示列举的短语：(l)suchas意为“例如，诸如之类的，用来列举同类的人或事物中的几个。放在被 列举的人或事物之前。(2)thatis或namely意为“即，也就是，用于把同类的人或事物全部列举出来。放在被 列举的人或事物之前。for example意为“例如，比方”，用于列举同类的人或事物中的一个或几个，作插入 语，且常用逗号将它与句子其他局部隔开，可位于句首、句中和句末。III.重点句型Yet, he considers himself a farmer because

16、 he continually works the land in his research. 然而，他认为自己是个农民，因为他在不断地研究耕种土地。consider在此表示“认为consider vt.考虑；认为consider sth.考虑某事consider doing sth.考虑做某事consider+wh- to do/wh-clause 考虑consider thatik 为consider sb. /sth. (as).认为某人/某物是consider sb. /sth. (to be)adj. In.认为某人/某物consider t-adj. In. +todo 认为做某事

17、是be considered to do/have done被认为做某事/做了某事Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains.据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约百分之六十来自袁隆平的杂交水稻本句属于“It+be+过去分词+ that”结构，句中that引导主语从句，主语从句本身又 是一个主从复合句，从句中(so)that引导结果状语从句。“It+be+过去分

18、词+that”结构：it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不作成分。常用动词：say, report, think, hope, suggest, believe, know 等。该句型可转换为“Sb./Sth. +be+过去分词+不定式”(hope和suggest除外)。Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。Give

19、n用作介词，表示“只要是；考虑到；假定；己知”等意思。“given+that从句”意思 是“考虑到，相当于consideringoAs for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，无法提供丰富的营养。too fast to be是tooto结构，该结构意为“太以致不，太而不能其中to。是副词，用来修饰形容词/副词，t。是动词不定式符号。使用too.to结构时应注意：(1)句子主语与构成不定式的动词在逻辑上是动宾

20、关系，且构成不定式的动词是及物动 词时、不定式中的动词后不能跟宾语。(2)句子主语与构成不定式的动词在逻辑上是动宾关系，且构成不定式的动词是不及物 动词时，要在动词后加上适当的介词。(3)too.to结构并非总是表示否认意义，在以下几种情况中，too.to结构表示肯定意 义：not置于动词不定式前，构成toonot to结构时，原来表示否认意义的不定式再次受 到否认，转而表示肯定意义，该结构意为“太不会不”或“非常必定能”。tooto结构前有not, never, no longer, but, only等词时，这一结构也表示肯定意义。too.to结构中，too 后为 anxious, eag

21、er, glad, happy, pleased, excited, ready, satisfied, kind, willing等表示态度、心情、倾向等的形容词时，too相当于very much(极其，十分， 非常)，此时该结构表示肯定意义。. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.阻止他们这样做的原因是化学农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。这是一个复合句。What keeps them from do

22、ing so 是主语从句；that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world 是同位语从句。 其中 keep.from doing so 是 keep .from doing sth.阻止做某事”结构。同义表达还有：stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事。这三个结构的主动语态中只有ke叩from中from不能省略；在被动语态中，三个from 均不可省略。写作技巧点拨辩论作文典例假设你是李华，最近你们班就“本市要不要修地铁”这一话题展开了一场激烈的讨论。请 根据以

23、下提示，给某英文报社的编辑写一封信，客观介绍这次讨论的情况。70%的学生赞成30%的学生反对L快速，平安.节能，无污染.有助于缓解地面交通拥挤状况.花费太大.可能破坏某些地下历史文物注意：.词数80左右；.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：交通拥挤traffic jam；历史文物historical relicsDear editor,Yours,Li Hua一、构思谋篇Recently our class had a heated discussion about.Up to 70 percent of the students agree to.

24、The rest of the students hold the opposite.Recently our class had a heated discussion about.Up to 70 percent of the students agree to.The rest of the students hold the opposite.二、关键词语一场激烈的讨论a heated discussion多达up to赞成计划agree to a plan交通方式means of transport持相反的观点hold the opposite opinion三、连词成句.最近，我们

25、班就“本市要不要修地铁”展开了一场激烈的讨论。Recently our class had a heated discussion about whether a subway should be built in our city.多达70%的学生赞成这一计划。Up to 70 percent of the students agree to this plan.他们认为，在城市里地铁要比其他交通方式更快捷、更平安。They think that a subway train is faster and safer than other means of transport in a cit

26、y.其他学生持相反的观点。The rest of the students hold the opposite opinion.四、连句成篇Deajeditor,Recently our class had a heated discussion about whether a subway should be built in our city. Now I am writing to tell you the result.Up to 70 percent of the students agree to this plan. They think that a subway train is faster and safer than other means of tra