人教初一英语下册 各单元知识点总结

1、人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?一、单词与词组Join:表示“参加，加入”，此处指参加社团或组织，成为其中的成员。Join the army 参军 join the NBA加入美国篮球协会 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部乐器类+theplay the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano非乐器类+ theplaysoccer/basketbal1/volleybal1/football/tennis/b

2、adminton(英式足球/篮球/排球/英式足球，美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球)Be good at+sth. /doing sth.擅长做某事Be good with与相处得好 Be good to对友好二be friendly to Be good for 对有好处 Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作； like doing sth.强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事，在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者 可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb. sth./to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不要做某事 Help: Help s

3、b. to do sth. /help sb. with sth. / help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物，饮料等)拿给自己/某人cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 Call at用于打某人的 .Call at 293-7742 Home: 1.表示动态概念。意思是“回 家”，“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的home是副词，表示目的地。DWhen do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家？2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。

4、3)She often does some shopping on his way home.她经常在回家途中买些 东西。2. at home表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home是名词，表示具体地点。1) Is she at home?她在家吗？ 2)He left his book at home. 他把 竹放在家里了。Go home 回家 get home到家 at home在家also也，而且；较正式，用于肯定句，紧跟动词。 I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.我能说英文也能说中文。 too 多 用于口语，放在句末。M

5、e too. either多用于否认句，放在句末。He hasn, t finished, either.他也没有完成。Show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb.展示给某人看 Show time 作秀时间，表演开始秀时间，表演开始秀时间，表演开始talk show脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)5、 Can you tell me the way to +也点？ /Could you please tell me . 秀时间，表演开始talk show脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目) TOC o 1-5 h z Canyou tell methewaytothe postoffice?6、

6、Letme tell youthewaytomy house. 7、Just go straight and turn left. 三、日常交际用语1 、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is . It s on Centre Stree t. /No, there isn t. 2、Where? s the supermarket? It s next to the library. 3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. 4、I hope you have a good trip.5. If you

7、 are hungry, you can buy food in the restaurant. 6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要来。 8 Time goes by. /time goes quickly. 时间流逝/时间流逝得飞快Unit 9 What dose he look like?一、词组curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发 of medium height/build 中等高度 /身体 a little bit+形容词 一

8、点儿,， a pop singer 一位流行歌手be popular with sb 在 流 行 notany more 不 再good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new look 呈现新面貌 the captain of the basketball team 篮 球 队 队长 Nobody knows me没有人认识我二、句型1) What does he look like?一一He s really short. He has short hair. / He is of medium build. 2)Do you know I have

9、a new friend in Class Five ?3)-She has beautiful, long black hair. -I don t think he s so grea t .stop doing (sth) 表 示 停 止 正 在 干 的 事 如： He stop listening一一She never stops talking.17stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事 如：He stops to listen.I cangoshopping and nobody knowsme. 8) -Is he tall orshort?一He sofmedium

10、 height. 9) He haslong straight brown hair.描述顺序：形状大小 (long/short ) -年龄-颜色-国 籍 Unit 10 I d like some noodles. 一、词组 would like+ n/to do 想要a large/medium/smal 1 bowl of 大碗 /中碗 /小碗 what size 什 么尺 寸 orange juice 桔汁green tea 绿茶what kind of 表示的种类a kind of 一种” some kind of 许多种,，a bowl of rice 碗米饭a bottle of

11、 orange juice -瓶桔子汁(不可数)three oranges 三个桔子(可数)some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下cut off 切断cut out 切掉二、句型1) What kind of would you like? 你 想 要 ?2)一一What size bowl of noodles would you like?一一1 like a small bowl of noodles.We have large

12、 ,medium, and small bowls.I like dumplings, I don t like noodles.三、日常交际用语1 ）-Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order?-I d like some noodles. please. TOC o 1-5 h z 2）-What kind of noodles would you like?一I d like mutton andpotato noodles. Please.3）-Would you like a cup of green

13、tea? -Yes, please. /No, thankswould like后面还可以跟不定式,即：wouldliketodo sth.想要做某事 Hewouldliketosee youtoday.would like 想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do.If If 引导的条件状语从句 主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在 时。. If he or she blows（从句 ） out all the candles in one go, the wish will （主 句） come true.If it doesn t （从 句） rain, we

14、 will （ 主句） play basketball.It it 作形式主语。结构：it+be（is/was） + （for sb. ） +to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事怎么样. It s getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday18= It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on theirbirthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend?一、词组do some reading do some reading

15、阅读do some reading 阅读study for the(math) test 准备(数have aparty/ do somesportspractice+n/doing 练 习 what aout/How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样stay at home 呆家里 go tosummer camp do some reading 阅读study for the(math) test 准备(数have aparty/ do somesportspractice+n/doing 练 习 what aout/How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样stay at

16、home 呆家里 go tosummer camp 去夏令goshopping 去贝勾物go to the beach/pool去沙滩/gotothe mountains 去 爬 山 last monthyesterdayyesterday天 the day after tomorrow 后 天three days ago yesterday天 the day after tomorrow 后 天three days ago 三天前the day before yestedaylook for 寻找 look afterlook for 寻找 look afterlook for 寻找 loo

17、k after照顾，看管look out (for)留神，注意look up 查找 go for a walk 散步in the morning/afternoon/evening 在 早 上/ 在 下on Sunday morning 在某个具体一天的上午、on Sunday morning 在某个具体一天的上午、下午用介词on play computer games 玩电脑游戏 spend money/time on sth/ (in) doing sth看某人做了某事/正在做某事看某人做了某事/正在做某事看某人做了某事/正在做某事做 watch sb do/doing sth 19二、句

18、型看某人做了某事/正在做某事1)1 visited my aunt lastweekend. 2 )1)1 visited my aunt lastweekend. 2 )How wasyour weekend?一一It was great. /OK3 ) It was time for sb to3 ) It was time for sb to3 ) It was time for sb todo sth.三、日常交际用语3 ) It was time for sb todo sth.三、日常交际用语1 ) 一What did you do last1 ) 一What did you do

19、 lastweekend?一一On Saturday morning, I played teenis. 2 ) 1 ) 一What did you do lastweekend?一一On Saturday morning, I played teenis. 2 ) 一一How wasyour weekend?-It was went to the brach. 感叹句What + a +形容词 +名词单数（+主语+动词）/What +形容词 +名词复+ 动词)/ What + 形容词不可数名词 (+主语+动词） + 动词)/ What + 形容词不可数名词 (+主语+动数 ）What bea

20、utiful girls they are!（ 复数）What delicious milk it is!（不可数） How + 形容词/副词（+主语 +动词）How beautiful this girl is! 以上有点麻烦，简 单记：把感叹句从后面把主语和谓语（句子）挑出，然后看前面的感叹局部，假设有名词，就用what； 假设无， 就用 how o 但是注意单数时候： what a careful student she is! = How careful a student sh is!练习：nice it is today! a nice day it is today! ugly

21、animals they are!What a big box it is!二二 How big the box is!What nice weather it is!= How nice the weather is! What clean room s they are!= How clean the rooms are!Unit 12 Wheredidyou do last weekend?Unit 12 Wheredidyou do last weekend?一、词组ptetty goodptetty goodptetty good好；不错in theConner 在落 kind of

22、boring有点无聊be lost 迷路feel happy感到高兴be fun很有趣on vacation在度假20Central Park公园the Great Wallptetty good好；不错in theConner 在落 kind ofboring有点无聊be lost 迷路feel happy感到高兴be fun很有趣on vacation在度假20Central Park公园the Great Wallthe Palace MuseumTian an MenSquare 天 安场 make sb adj 使某人make sbdo sth使某人事decide to do sth

23、决定做某事二、句型 1）一一Where did you go on vacation? 一一I went to the breach.2)一2)一How was the weather?It was hot and humid.3)-It was kind of boring4)-That made me feel very happy.5)-We had great fun playing in the water.have great fun doing sth表示一愉快地做某事II ,一做某事很有 趣 II 6) I helped him find his made me feel ve

24、ry happy. make 使某 人做某事let (make) 7) I found a small boy crying in the Conner. find sth. 发现某人正在做某事。find发现某人做某事(整个过程)Unit 2 What time do you go to school?时间连词：when=while当时 then然后 after that在那之后at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about +时间点for breakfast/lunch/dinner* 睡觉go to bed=go to sleep睡觉 take a tap 午休， 小睡一会儿反：g

25、et up起床Time表时间，不可数；表次数，可数。Some times几次 sometimes有时 some time一段时间 sometime 某个时候 系动词 It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels 尝起来/闻 起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来（含被动意味，但不能用被动语态） tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来像eitheror二选一neithernor两者都不连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即就近原那么。.Either you or I am g

26、oing there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时，如主语是代词，不倒装； 表位置的副词放在句首时，如主语是名词，要用全部倒装。.Here it is!Here he comes. （代词不倒装）Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus.（名词倒 装）关于时间的问法（1）以when提问，一什么时候II可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的 时间点 When is your birthday? 你的生日是

27、什么时候？My birthday is Dec.29th.我的生日是12月29日。Unit 3 How do you get to school?many students是单指学生数量多，侧重数量many of the students是指学生中很多一局部,强调局部too太1.too much 意为“太多”，+ 不可数名词/+动词。had too much housework to do yesterday .昨天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much她说话太多。much too意思是“过分，太”，隐含了过分而不恰当之意，much too+形容词或副词，不+动词。ques

28、tion is much too difficult . 这道题太难了。Youre walking much too fast .你走得太快了。to太而不能You are never tooyoung to study. 同: sothat.太以至于 river runs too quickly for boats. =The river suns too quickly to row a boat.二The river runs so quickly that peoplecan t row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don t eat in cla

29、ss. 一、词组 school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules 违反规章制度make the rules制定规章.in the hallways在过道in the music room在 音乐教室里in the dining hall在餐厅 be in bed在床上 be late for,迟到 listen to music 听音乐 wash my clothes 洗 衣 服 make dinner 做 饭 have to do不得不做 too many+名词复数；too much +不可数名词太多 by ten o clock 十点之前 on school nig

30、hts 上学的晚上 on weekends 在周末 go to the children s palace去少年宫 after school放学后 sports shoes运动鞋 gym class体育课 二、句型 Dor/ t arrive late for class.(2)We can, t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. (3)-What else do you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. (4)-Can we wear h

31、ats in school? 一一Yes, we can/ No, we can, t. (5)一一Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes, we do /No, we don t. (6) What are the rules at your school? 重难点精析：祈使句 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语 you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下儿种形式。 1 ) Be型(即系动词原型be+表语 + 其他)。如：Be quiet, please.否认句 Don t + be+表语+其他。如：Don t be

32、angry. 2 ) Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如： Open you books, please. 否认句Don t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如：Don t eat in the classroom. 3 ) Let型(即Let+ 宾语+动词原形+其他)如： Let me help you. Let s go at six o clock.否认句 一般在宾语后加not。如：Let, s not watch TV. 4 ) No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于 公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事）如：No smoking!严禁吸烟！ No talking! 不许交谈！No pa

33、ssing!禁止通行！ No parking!不许停车！Must与have to表主观看法，主观上的必要have to表客观需要.My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害， 我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）2. have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。3.在否认结构中：dont have to表示不必；mustnt表示

34、禁止。. You don，t have to （needn, t 没必要）tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustn，t（can t不能）tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。On time准时，按时。 Tn time 及时，迟早 . We were just in time for （to catch ） the bus.我们及时赶上 了公车。Unit 5 Why do you like pandas? 一、词组 want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事want sth想要某物Le

35、t sb do sth让某人做某事Kind kind of有几分种类a kind of 一种（all） kinds of 各种各样的二various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜欢做某事 play with ,与一起玩during the day在白天 at night在夜间 二、句型与日常交际 用语 1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because they re kind of interesting. 2 、 Why do you want to see the lions

36、? Because they re 3 、 -Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa.、4 -What （other） animals do you like?11 -I like elephants.5. This is a symbol of good luck.的象征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好 7 .- How old are you?二What s your age? - F m ten years old./I mten.you like giraffes?

37、 -Yes, I do. / No, I don t make of 与 make from“由组成IImake of看得出原材料，物理变化；make from看不出原材料，化学变化。, We must save trees and not by things made of ivor 象 牙） The paper is made of wood. The other, others, another, other的区别可作形容词或代词，做形容词时， 意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）。如：Do you have any other question（s）? 你还有其他问题吗？ As

38、k some other people.问问别人吧！ Put it in yourother hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。0ther指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other,不能用another,止匕时的 other 作代词。 如： He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。the other后可加单数名词， 也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。如:On the other side of the street, there is a tall tree.在

39、街道的另一边，有一棵大树。Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side ofhe river他住在河的对岸。 是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。如：Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞, 其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others, please.请给我别的东西吧！ There are no others.没有别的

40、了。 others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人或物）”。是 the other 的复数形式。如：Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。the others=the other复数名词，这在第2条中已经有所介绍。 =an other,既可作形容词，也可作代词， 只能用于三个或更多的人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如：I don t like this one. Please show me anothe

41、r.我不喜欢这一个，请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一 个是工人。Let s do sth , let s=let us让我们做人称代词用宾格Let s之后跟动词 原形。Let s see the panda.我们看熊猫吧。Let s go!我们走吧!Unit 6 Im watching TV. 一、词组 do one s homework 做家庭作业 watch TV 看 电视eat dinne

42、r吃饭；就餐clean the room清扫房间 talk on the phone电 话聊天 thanks for+n/doing为某事感谢某人 go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在学校 in the tree 在树上 read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书 write a letter写信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看电影 take photos拍照wait for等待；等候 TV show电视节目talk about 谈论,.

43、What are you talking about? some of,中的些 a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with 和”,，一起 with sb 和某人在一起 in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片二、句型与日常交际用语13 +be+主语+doing? 正在做什么？ -主语+ be doing 正在做某事are/is（列： Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo ofmy family, you want to go to the movies? -Sure, do you wan

44、t to go? -Let? s go at seven, do people play basketball? -At school. s he waiting for? -He s waiting for a bus. s he reading? -He s reading a newspaper. 8. Can +do（动词原形）可以can see my family at home.三、语法 现在进行时1）现在在进行时的形式：助动词 be（am, 1$,现）+动词一行8形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的 动作。 2）现在进行时的肯定句形式：主语+be（am,

45、is, are） +动词现在分词+其他例：I m watching TV. 3）现在进行时的否认句形式：主语+be （am, is, are）+not+动词现在分词+其他 例：They are not playing soccer. 4）现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答：Is （am, are） +主语+动词现在分词+其他？Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语 +isn t/aren, t/am not. 彳列：Are you reading? Yes, I am. No, I am not. 5）现在 进行时的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他？例

46、：What is your brother doing?13+be+主语+doing?正在做什么？ -主语+ be doing正在做某事are/is-例：youHere are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family.youwantto go to the movies? -Sure. do you want to go? -Let s go atseven. do peopleplay basketball? -At school. s he waitingfor?-He swaiting fora bus. s he reading

47、? -Hes reading a newspaper. 8. Can +do（动词原形）可以can see my family at home.三、 语法现在进彳亍时1）现在在进行时的形式：助动词60 6叫15,废）+动词-58形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在 （说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。2）现在进行时的肯定句形式：主语 +be （am, is, are） +动词现在分词+其他例：I m watching TV.3）现在进行时的否认句形式：主语+be （am, i s, are） +not+动词现在分词+其他例：They are not playing soccer.Is （am, ar

48、e） +主语+动词现在分词+其Is （am, are） +主语+动词现在分词+其他？Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn t/aren, t/am not.彳列：Are you reading? Yes, I am. No, I am not.5） 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其 他？ 例：What is your brother doing?Unit 7 It s rani ng!一、词组playcomputer games 打电 子游戏lie on the beach 躺 在 沙 滩上 play beach volleybal

49、l 打沙滩排球in this heat 在酷暑中in picture 在 图片里on vacation 度 假 on the beach 在 海边around the world世界各地=all over the world be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶be relaxed 放松 二feel relaxedhave a good time 玩得很痛快in different kind of weather在 不 同 的 天 气里thank sb for （doing） sth由于某事而感谢某人some-others-a group of people 一

50、群人look atsb doing/do sth看某人正在做某事/做了某事（事情的全过程）everyone后只接人不跟of,相当于everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可跟of oEveryone is here.每个人都在这。14Everyone of the studentslikestheteacher.每位学生都很喜欢这个老师。二、句型/日常交际用语(l)-How, s the weather(+点)？ Tt s rainy. /It scoldandsnowing.一 What s the weatherlike?-The weather there isveryhot.一 How s itgoing(with sb.)?/How was yourtrip? -Great. /Notbad. /Terrible/Pretty good!(4)Thanks youfor