2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空

1、2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期二阅读理解科普知识类+降环保类七选五+语法填空I阅读理解A（xx 山东费县二中月考）Scien tists have bee n in terested for years in the observati on that ratios（比率）of fin ger len gths differ in men and wome n.ln men, the ring （fourth） fin ger isusually Ion ger tha n the in dex （sec on d）; their so-called 2D : 4D

2、 ratio is lower tha n 1n females , the two fin gers are more likely to be thesame len gth.Because of thissex differences , some scientists believe that a low ratio could be a marker for higher prenatal hormone（产前激素）levels , although it s not clear how the hormone mightin flue nee fin ger developme n

3、t.The 2D : 4D ratio has also bee n fin gered in connection with brain-relatedcharacteristics most oftenin males such as depression ,left-handedness , musical ability , and homosexuality.In the latest such study , psychologist Mark Bros nan and colleagues at the Uni versity of Bath in the Un ited Kin

4、 gdom photocopied the hands of 74 boys and girls aged 6 and 7.They pared the measureme nts of the sec ond and fourth fin gers with the childre n s scores on a sta ndard UK test of math and literacy .In boys , the lower the ratio , the better their math score , the team reports in the May issue of th

5、e British Journal of Psychology .The boys with the lowest ratios also were the ones whose abilities were most skewed in the directi on of math rather tha n literacy.These differe nces are small but sig ni fica nt, says Bros nan. With the girls , there was nocorrelati on betwee n fin ger rati on andn

6、u meracy , but those with higherratios probablyindicatinglow hormone levels had better scores on verbalabilities.These sex-specific correlati ons show how tricky it is to defi ne the roles ofsex hormones, says psychologist S.Marc Breedlove of Michigan State Universityin EastLansing.The range of norm

7、al levels of the hormone is differentin males and females ,so parable levels would have very differe nt meanings depe nding on the sex of the in dividual.A nd the tim ing of horm one surges is as importa nt as levels.Nevertheless , Bros nanbelieves fin germeasurementsmightbe usefulforpredict ingcog

8、nitiveabilities although heack no wledgesthatawearenotsuggest ingthat fin gerlengthmeasureme nts couldreplace SATtests ”.Othersaremorecautious , pointing out that scie ntists still have not con firmed that fin ger ratiois a reliable marker for pren atal horm one levels.What can we learn from the fir

9、st paragraph?Scie ntists n ever show in terest i n people s fin gers.Ma ny wome n have differe nt kinds of fin gers.ln males , the ring fin ger may equal the in dex in len gth.ln females , the ring fin ger may equal the in dex in len gth.What is the author s attitude to Bros nan s research?Supportiv

10、e.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.I ndiffere nt.We can infer from the passage that .in girls, the higher the ratio , the better their maths scoresfinger length cont ributes to people s academic abilitiesit is easy to give a definition of the roles of sex hormonesBros nan is serious about his researchWhat s t

11、he main idea of this passage?Finger ratio is critical to people s future.Fin ger len gth measureme nts may be useful.Finger length is related to children s scores.Fin ger ratio is a reliable maker for horm one levels.B（xx 河南八市测评）The world s population is projected to reach 11 billion by the end of t

12、he cen tury.Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further plicated bytheimpact of climate change on agriculture.That is why some people advocate an unusual way to boost the food supply and feed people susta in ably by eati ng less meat and more in sects.About 2 billi onpeople alrea

13、dy eat bugs.Mexica nsenjoy chilly-toastedgrasshoppers.Thais tuck into cricket stir-fries andGhan aia nssn ack ontermites .In sectsare slowly creep ing on to Western menus as no velty items , but mostpeople rema in squeamish（ 拘谨的）.Yet there are three reas ons why eati ng in sects makes sen se.First ,

14、 they are healthier than meat.There are nearly 2,000 kinds of edible in sects , manyof them packed with prote in , calcium , fiber , iron and zinc.A small servi ng of grasshoppers can contain about the same amount of protein as a similar sized serving of beef , but has far less fat and far fewer cal

15、ories.Second, raisi ng in sects is cheap , or free.Little tech no logy or in vestme nt isn eeded to produce them.Harvesti ng in sects could provide livelihoods to some of the world s poorest people.Fi nally ,in sectsare a far more susta in ablesource of food tha nlivestock.Livestock product ion acco

16、 unts for n early a fifth of all gree nhouse-gas emissi ons , that s more tha n tran sport.Bycon trast , in sects produce relativelyfewgree nhouse gases and rais ing them requires much less land and water.A nd they eat almost anything.Despite all this , most Wester ners find in sects hard to swallow

17、.One soluti on is to use prote in extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces.Not hav ing to look at the bugs and emphasiz ing the environmen tal ben efits might make the idea of eati ng in sects a bit more palatable.What is the direct reas on why some people advocate

18、eat ing in sects?ln sufficie nt food supply.Climate cha nge.The rapid in crease of populati on.lnsects high nutrition.From the passage, we can infer that . eati ng in sects is healthier tha n eat ing beefeati ng in sects is popular among Wester nerseati ng in sects can help people lose weighteat ing

19、 in sects causes less damage to the environmentHow can we make it more acceptable to eat in sects?By clos ing your eyes whe n eati ng in sects.By eati ng in sects together with other food.By putt ing in sects nu trie nts into other food products.By con sideri ng the environmen tal ben efits of eati

20、ng in sects.n.七选五（xx 广东华南师范大学附中月考）Thanks to expensive data fees , you might be tempted to log onto that free public Wi-Fi service while you re out and about. 8DavidThink about the cost of being connected all the time.Nothing is free ,Lee ,a product man ager for Norton , told CNBC._9 ” The Harvard Bu

21、sin ess Review agrees : “You re taking a risk every time you log on to a free network in a coffee shop,hotel lobby , or airport lounge. ”10 According to a survey by the pany Symantic,87 percent of U.S.consumers have used a public Internet connection.And it was found that over 70 percent of them chec

22、ked their personal email through public Wi-Fi , while 11 percent logged onto their online banking acco unt.No matter how safe the Wi-Fi connection seems to be , using it leaves your puter or smart phone easy to be attacked by hackers and data thieves.Youdon t really knowwho owns and monitors that ro

23、uter , nor who has access to the data that passes through it.Not to men ti on , hackers have doze ns of ways to promise public Wi-Fiacco unts ,from creating a network that appears legal to creating pop-ups that trick the user into downloading malware(恶意软件 )onto their puters. 11To protect yourself ag

24、ainst hackers , experts say your best defense is a virtual private network (VPN), which encrypts(力口密)your online activity.You can downloadyour very own VPN through an app for Apple or An droid devices, or by using the freeen crypti on service CyberGhost. 12 But before you eve n start brows ing, use

25、thiswebsite to make a password that keeps you safe from hackers.These are all of the tricks hackers use to hack your Internet security.That can save you a lot of trouble.The biggest threat is that your data and ide ntity could be pletely exposed.Don t let convenience outweigh the con seque nces, tho

26、ugh.Setting up firewalls and antivirus software will also defend your puter against hackers.Unfortun ately, most people are un aware of the dan gers.G Hackers usually steal data in this way.川.语法填空(xx 河南漯河高级中学模拟)Over and over again I meet babies desperately 13.(try) to read” a magazinewith fin gers .

27、I am con sta ntly shocked: How can these pare nts stay at ease whe n theirkids 14. (harm) so much from tech no logy? How on earth can they not know whata magaz ine is in other ways?Researchers from Can ada looked at this.The results were not good, especially for youn ger childre n. They found that p

28、are nts that used tech no logy too much n egativelyaffected their 15. (childre n) sense of security.Besides,babies need imaginationnot in sta nt satisfact ion, which is 16.scree ns ofte n provide. “ Babies are ofte ndistressed and put into bad mood whe n they turn to their pare nt 17. _a_conn ecti o

29、nand discover the pare nt is unin terested，” they wrote.Being involved in too many electronic devices(设备)18. (be)bad.But the ideathat parents should spend all of their free time ensuring kids are well-developed is actuallya modern concept and an 19.(absolute) unrealisticone.Our kids willjust be fine

30、 if we hand over the iPad at a restaura ntto have a grow n-up con versati on.I m certainly not arguing that hours upon hours of screen time is a good idea forkids,20. that we shouldn t try to have their view 21. (broad).But who amongus didn t give our parents 22. much-needed weekend break by sitting

31、 in frontof Saturday morning cartoons?合案精析I.语篇解读 本文讲述的是无名指和食指的测量可能是有用的，因为我们可以通过测量来预测激素水平。D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知男性无名指通常比食指长，女性无名指和食 TOC o 1-5 h z 指差不多一样长。故选D。C 观点态度题。第二段作者只是陈述 Mark Bros nan研究的过程和结果；最后一段作者分别陈述了 Bros nan的观点和其他人的看法。文中作者并没有表达自己的观点，所以说作者对 Brosnan的研究持中立观点，故选C。D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，女孩无名指和食指比率越高

32、，语言能力越强，故 A 项错误。根据最后一段中的 we are not suggesti ng that fin ger len gth measureme nts could replace SAT tests ”可知，手指长度不能代替学业测试，故B项错误。根据第三段第一句可知C项错误。根据第二段前两句可知，Bros nan对这项研究很严肃认真。故选D项。B 主旨大意题。文章分析了男性和女性无名指和食指的比率不同，对学习内容有一定的影响，由此表明对手指长度研究的作用。最后一段首句也是提示。故选B。语篇解读 由于未来世界人口的持续增长，食物供应明显不足，所以有人提议吃昆虫，本文对吃昆虫的好处进

33、行了分析。A细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，一些人提倡吃昆虫的最直接的原因就是食 TOC o 1-5 h z 物供应不足，故选A。D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容尤其是最后两句By con trast , in sects producerelatively few greenhouse gases and raising them requires much less land and water.Andthey eat almost anything.”可推断出人类吃昆虫对环境造成的危害更少，故选D。C细节理解题。由文章最后一段可知，把昆虫的营养物质放入其他食物里，这样我们更容易接受

34、吃昆虫，故选Co n.语篇解读这篇短文介绍了很多人连接公共网络可能会存在一些隐私被侵犯或者泄露的风险，并提供了应对方法。D 根据下一段中提到一直连接公共 WiFi你的数据和身份可能会被泄露的风险， 推知上一 TOC o 1-5 h z 段最后应该表示不要只顾方便要考虑后果。D项：不要把便利看的比后果重要。符合语境。C 根据本段下文提到你在连接着公共网络随时都很危险，可推知上文应该是解释为什么连接公共网络时随时都会有危险，因为会暴露个人信息。C项：最大的威胁是你的数据和身份可能被完全暴露。符合语境。F 上文提到连接公共无线网络很危险，本段介绍很多人使用无线网络消费或者发送邮件或者登陆银行账户，推

35、知人们没有意识到这种危险。F项：不幸的是，大多数人都没有意识到危险。F项放在此处作为本段首句，引起下文，符合语境。A 本段介绍了一些黑客有很多方法通过公共网络入侵到你的电脑。A项：这些都是黑客用来破解你的网络安全的伎俩。放在本段最后对本段做一总结，符合语境。E 本段是讲如何保护自己免受黑客的侵犯，E项：设置防火墙和防病毒软件也会保护你的电脑不受黑客攻击。符合本段语境。in. 13.tryi ng14.are harmed 15.childre n s 16.what 17.for 18.is19.absolutely 20.or21.broade ned22.a HYPERLINK l boo

36、kmark0 o Current Document 2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习精选提分专练第四周星期五成功与失败单词识记:pricegainpurpose successfultry aim attempt avoiddisadva ntage objectseekabandonambiti oninten ti on obta inobjectiveA.whoseB.thatjudgme ntatta indesire target短语扫描：e to nothi ng完全失败e true实现；成为现实owe.to 把归功于stick to 坚持；遵守take pai ns to d

37、o sth.努力做某事give up 放弃with difficulty困难地；艰难地at the price of 以的代价make an attempt to do/at doing sth.尝试做某事struggle for 为而斗争跟踪训练语境填词1.1 wasn t （success） , so they looked down on me.The child was found （ 被抛弃的）but unharmed.3ran says its nuclear ambitions are for peaceful （ 目的）.They said that they（ 试图）to f

38、inish the task before July.We are lear ning how to confront death in stead of （ 逃避）its reality.n.单项填空How youthe challenge in the second half will determine what you bee afterthe game , whether you are a winner or a loser.A.resp ond toB.submit toCmit toD.stick to7.1 have alwaysto Chi na,and now my dr

39、eam hasA.dream ing ;e trueB.dreamt of ing;e trueC.dreamed to e;realizedD.dreamed ing;realizing,peoplesimpleThe WFP has launched a new app called Share The Meal , e potentialbelieve , is enormous as it allows smart phone users to make donations with a tap on their pho ne.（xx南通如东、徐州丰县联考）C.whichD.of wh

40、ichEven with the gift of 10,000 , it was difficult for her to a mortgage , but she even tually found a len der and a house.A.payB.obtai nC.ca ncelD.accept10.A no tice wasin order to remind the stude nts of the cha nged lecture time.A.se nt upB.give n upC.set upD.put up阅读能力专练I阅读理解They say a cat has n

41、ine lives , and I think that possible since I am now livingmy third life and I m not even a cat.My father died when I was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living.And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years,died while still in her 60s.My sister married soon after , and I followed h

42、er example with in the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life.I was very happy,in excellenthealth .I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the penin sula（半岛）inSan Carlos.Life was a pleasa nt dream.The n the dream en ded .I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive diseas

43、e of the motor nerves , affectingarm and leg , and then my other side.Thus began my second life.first my rightIn spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aidof special equipme nt in stalledin my car.A nd I man aged to keep my health and optimism ,to a degree , because of

44、 14 steps.Crazy ? Not at all.Our home was an affair with 14steps leadi ng up from the garage to the kitche n door.Those steps were a sta ndard measure of life.They were my yardstick , my challenge to continue living.l felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and th

45、en drag theother pain fullyafter it repeat ing the process 14 times , I would be through I couldthen admit defeat and lie dow n and die.Then on a dark ni ght in August,1971 , I bega n my third life .It was raining whe nI started home that night； strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as

46、I drove slowly down one of the less-travelled roads.Suddenly the steering wheeljerked（猝然一动）.ln the same instant I heard the bang of a blowout.It was impossiblefor me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along un til I came to the dirt road,where I tur ned i

47、n and where I found lighted win dows weled me to a house and pulled into the driveway and hon ked the horn.The door ope ned and a little girl stood there.Whe n she knew what happe ned tome, she went into the house and a moment later came out , followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting.l sat t

48、here fortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the manand the little girl work ing so hard in the storm.About an hour later , the man s voice was heard ，“ This is a bad night for car trouble , but you re all set no w.” Than ks,” I said，“ How much do I owe you?” He shook his head，“ Nothi ng.Cy nthia

49、 told me you were a cripple.Glad to be of help .I know you d do the same for me.There s no charge, friend . ” I held out a five-dollar bill ，“ No! I like to pay my way. ” He made no effort to take it and the littlegirlstepped closer to the window and said quietly，“ Grandpa can t see it. ”“A cat has

50、nine lives ” here means “”.a cat can live nine times Ion ger tha n any other ani mala cat can die nintha lucky man can not die easilythe author will live nine timesWhat do you think of the man who helped cha nge the tire?Old , warm-hearted but pitiable.Blind , but warm-hearted and happy.A bli nd old

51、 man that has nothing to do every day.A poor old man that is always ready to help others.How do you un dersta nd the un derl ined sentence “ I followed her example with in the year ?He liste ned to his sister carefully.Mother told him that he must get the agreement from his sister for whatever he wo

52、uld do.His sister got married.He, too.His sister was a great woma n.He must learn from her.n.任务型阅读The most mon use of in tellige nee test scores is to predict degree of academic success.Such scores are used in some mun ities as bases for admitt ing able childre nto schools at ages youn ger tha n no

53、rmal , and they are very gen erally used to determ ine admissi ons to schools bey ond public sec on dary school.A no ther monuse in eleme ntary schools in volves pari ng such scores with performa nces invarious subjects to ide ntify childre n who are worki ng below capacity.The greatest problem in u

54、sing in tellige nee tests for the purpose of predict ionis that no dependable criterion of their accuracy exists.The ideal criteria wouldbe objective and reliable achievement tests followinginstructionsin each subject ,but there are few such tests , especially at the college level.Studies have shown

55、 that correlations（ 相关性）between intelligenee tests and achievement tests in various subjects through sec on dary school range roughly from 0.5 to 0.8.Such correlati ons are fairly high , but they do not suggest any where n ear plete agreeme nt.At the college level there are two major tests used as c

56、riteria of admissi on .Byfar the more importa nt is the College Entrance Exam in ati on, con structed by theEducati onalTest ingService authorized by the College EntranceExam in ati on,andby the students,which,and knowledgeBoard.These tests are returned to the Educati onal Test ing Service for scori

57、 ng the results are then made available to the various colleges authorized to receive them.The sec ond test of this type is the America n College Test operates in esse ntially the same fashi on.Both tests constitute（组成）measures of certain skills , abilitiesthat have bee n found to be related to succ

58、ess in college.Their correlati ons with because they are in adequately motivated or because they dislike the in structi onal programme.Third , correlations are lowered because the use of such tests for denying admissi on to some stude nts means that the range of scores for those admitted is restrict

59、ed , and such restrict ions tend to reduce correlati ons.academic success are limited for three outstandingreas on s.First,measures ofachieveme nt in collegeare themselvesperhapsno more reliablethan those ineleme ntary and sec on dary schools.Sec ond , in tellectualfactorsdo not alone determineacade

60、mic success , especiallyat the college level.Manystudents drop out of schools?To tell in 5.the degree of academic success.mon 4. of?To help admit children with outstanding6. toschool at the agein tellige neeyoun ger tha n ordin ary.test scores?To find out childre n with 7.ability in primary school t