加拿大奶牛肉牛瘤胃臌气

1、瘤胃臌气Ruminal Tympany (Bloat)Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt Translated by: Dr. Fu Xiaoping病因/发病机理 Cause & Pathogenesis原发性（泡沫性臌气）Primary (frothy bloat)吃食大量豆荚类饲料Grazing lush high legume pasture饲胃过多精料Feedlot cattle on high grain rations精料过细或球状饲料Finely ground or pelleted feeds继发性（游离气体性）-打嗝作用的物理性损伤Secondary (

2、free gas bloat) physical interference with eructation食道管阻塞Esophageal obstruction慢性瘤胃炎Chronic ruminitis低血钙症Hypocalcemia精料过多（乳酸中毒）Grain overload (lactic acidosis)侧卧Lateral recumbency慢性游离气体臌气Chronic free gas bloat慢性肺炎Chronic pneumonia迷走神经性消化不良Vagal indigestion危险因素Risk Factors大量未成熟豆科植物Lush immature legu

3、me pasture高精料低粗料日粮的牛Cattle on high grain low roughage diet慢性肺炎Chronic pneumonia临床症状Clinical Findings突然发作Sudden onset腹部左侧扩张-腰部坎窝Distention of left side of abdomen para-lumbar fossa厌食Anorexia 呼吸吃力Labored breathing粘膜发紫Cyanotic走路摇摆、倒地Staggering then recumbency死亡Death 多数发现时已死May be just found dead诊断Diagn

4、osis病史、临床症状、尸体解剖结果History, clinical signs and post mortem results鉴别诊断Differential Diagnosis其它原因性突然死亡Other causes of sudden death in cattle破伤风Tetanus水肿Hydrops膀胱破裂Ruptured bladder尸解Post MortemBloat line on esophagus congested/cyanotic in cervical area-thoracic area paleBlood trapped in front of cervic

5、al inlet compare pre-scapular lymph nodes to pre-femoral lymph nodesRumen is very bloated and if frothy gas bloat same consistency trough out frothy治疗Treatment臌气是一种急症Bloat is an emergency将动物从牧草区移走Remove animals from feed source若流离气体多，通过胃导管放气Pass stomach tube and if free gas, air will come off若泡沫多，导管

6、放气作用不大-可向胃内加入多库脂钠（缓泻剂），破坏泡沫，释放气体，在用导管放气If frothy, very little relief with tubing add dioctol sodium sulfosuccinate to rumen contents-breaks down froth and allows gas to come to top-relieve with stomach tubeKeep animal up and walking若情况严重，用大套管针钻孔放气或紧急手术处理If animal is in severe stress, relieve bloat w

7、ith large bore trochar or emergency Rumenotomy emergency incision in left para-lumbar fossa later closure慢性臌气可用胃导管或手术-瘘管减轻Chronic bloat can be relieved with a stomach tube or by surgery rumen fistula预防Prevention & Control泡沫性臌气Frothy Bloat限制豆类植物摄入量Limit % of legume in pastureland限制每天吃青草时间Limit daily grazing period放牧前饲喂奶牛Feed cows before turning out on pasture吃草前饲喂干草Hay before grazing除去嫩草Strip graze饲喂抗臌气剂- Proloxalene 10-20 gms /头天Feed anti-bloat agents-Proloxalene 10-20 gms/head/day饲喂非生物降解性/五毒性油60-120ml/天Feed non-biodegradable/non-toxic oil or fat