Book6Unit2SectionⅢGrammar-虚拟语气(Ⅱ)概要课件

1、Unit 2 PoemsSection Grammar - 虚拟语气 （）第2步第1步第3步第1页，共34页。第2页，共34页。第3页，共34页。第4页，共34页。第5页，共34页。1If you had come earlier, you would not have missed the exciting scene in the movie.2If you had told me the news yesterday, I wouldnt be so worried now.3Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.第6页，共34

2、页。4But for your advice, I would have failed.5He treats the little girl as if she were his own daughter.6Its high time that we began the work.7Its necessary that we (should) learn English well.8If only I had not been busy last week.第7页，共34页。我的发现(1)在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气时，条件句的谓语动词用“ ”形式表示，而主句谓语动词则用“would/sho

3、uld/might/couldhave过去分词”表示。(如例句1)(2)当条件句的谓语中有had，were或should时，可将if省略，同时将had，were或should提到从句主语的前面，形成 。(如例句3)had过去分词倒装第8页，共34页。(3)当主从句所指的时间 时，其谓语动词应分别根据 自己的具体情况采用适当的形式。(如例句2)(4)有时某些介词短语、副词或上下文可以表示虚拟条件， 这种虚拟语气叫 。(如例句4)(5)as if引导的从句所表达的内容不是事实时，其谓语动词应 用 。(如例句5)(6)虚拟语气还用于某些 中。(如例句6、7和8)不一致含蓄条件句虚拟语气特殊句式(结构

4、)第9页，共34页。第10页，共34页。一、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句含义动词形式与过去事实相反条件句主句had过去分词would/could/ should/mighthave过去分词If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams.如果你当时听取我的忠告，你考试不会不及格的。第11页，共34页。如果你当时听从老师的建议，你会考试及格的。If you your teachers advice, you exam.要是当时你没有帮助我们，我们就不会取得如此大的进步。If you us, we such grea

5、t progress.had followed would have passedthehadn t helped couldn t have made 第12页，共34页。二、省略if的虚拟条件句当虚拟条件句的谓语中有were, had或should时，可以将从属连词if省略，同时将were, had或should放到主语之前，构成倒装。Were I a bird, I could fly freely.If I were a bird, I could fly freely.假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。第13页，共34页。Should it rain next week, we wo

6、uld put the sports meeting off.If it should rain next week, we would put the sports meeting off.要是下周下雨的话，我们就推迟运动会。If we had known each other earlier, I would have helped you to set up the company.Had we known each other earlier, I would have helped you to set up the company.如果我们早就认识的话，我就帮助你开办公司了。第14

7、页，共34页。If they were here now, they could help us. here now, they could help us.If it should rain, the crops would be saved. , the crops would be saved.WeretheyShoulditrain第15页，共34页。三、错综时间条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。If I were you, I would have taken his advic

8、e.(从句指现在，主句指过去)如果我是你的话，我就接纳他的建议了。If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now.(从句指过去，主句指现在)如果今天早上带上雨衣的话，我现在就不会淋湿了。第16页，共34页。If I （be） you, I （not miss） yesterdays concert.If you （listen） to me, you wouldnt be in such trouble now.werewouldn t have missedhad listened 第17页，共3

9、4页。四、含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而是暗含在单词、短语或上下文中，这时需要根据句中所表述的意义以及某些特定的信息词来判断此时需要采用的形式。常用词或短语有：without, but for, but, or, otherwise等。Without your help, I couldnt have achieved all this.If it had not been for your help, I couldnt have achieved all this.第18页，共34页。要不是有你的帮助，我是不会取得这些成绩的。But for the rain, we

10、would have finished the work on time.If it hadnt rained, we would have finished the work on time.要不是下雨，我们就准时完成那项工作了。Given more attention, the trees could have grown bet-ter.If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果给予更多的关照的话， 这些树可以长得更好。第19页，共34页。Without your help, we

11、 couldnt （suc-ceed）.But for electricity, there （be） no modern indus-try.He felt very tired yesterday, otherwise he （help） you.Five minutes earlier and you （meet） her at the station.have succeeded would be would have helpedcould have met 第20页，共34页。五、虚拟语气的其他用法(1)as if/as though引导的从句以及if only从句中的虚拟语气as

12、 if/as though/if only时间谓语动词的虚拟形式与过去相虚拟had过去分词与现在相虚拟一般过去时(be动词用were)与将来相虚拟would/could/might动词原形第21页，共34页。He speaks English as though he were an American.他说英语好像他是美国人一样。If only the driver didnt drive so fast!司机要是没开那么快就好了！点津as if/as though如果有明显的迹象表示“有可能实现的事实”时，不用虚拟语气。It seems as if they know each other.

13、(真实情况)他们好像彼此认识。It seems as though it were already spring.(虚拟语气)好像已经是春天了。第22页，共34页。他以这样的热情工作，好像从来不知道累似的。He works with such enthusiasm as if he never tired-ness.我要是明年被北京大学录取就好了！If only I into Beijing University next year!天太阴了，似乎要下雨。It is so cloudy.It looks as if it .knewwould be admitted is going to r

14、ain第23页，共34页。(2)Its (high/about) time后的从句用虚拟语气从句谓语动词常用过去时，也可用should动词原形，should通常不省略。It is high time that people learnt English.正是人们学英语的时候。It is about time she should wash her clothes.是她该洗衣服的时候了。第24页，共34页。It s time that we （have） a meeting to talk about the problem.Its high time that we （study） hard.

15、had/should have studied/should study 第25页，共34页。(3)It isadj.that从句后的虚拟语气从句谓语动词用should动词原形，should可以省略。常用的形容词有urgent, necessary, essential, impor-tant, appropriate, advisable, preferable, natural, strange等。It was necessary that we should clean every room.我们必须打扫每一个房间。第26页，共34页。他得到这个奖是合适的。It is appropria

16、te that he the prize.真奇怪，她竟然没有说再见就离开了。Its strange that she without saying good-bye.（should） get （should） have left 第27页，共34页。1(2012福建高考)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yester-day. Avisited Bhad visitedCwould visit Dwould have visited解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在那个小村庄

17、里迷了路，否则我们昨天会看到更多的名胜。本题是由otherwise引出的含蓄条件句。由时间状语yesterday可知，此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故选D。答案：D第28页，共34页。2(2011北京高考)Maybe if I _science, and not lit-erature then, I would be able to give you more help.AstudiedBwould studyChad studied Dwas studying解析：考查错综时间的虚拟语气。主句用的是would be able to .表示对现在的假设，但由if从句中的then可知，从句表

18、示对过去情况的虚拟，故选C项。答案：C第29页，共34页。3(2011天津高考)I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.Ahad come Bwas comingCwould come Dwould have come解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，要不然我肯定会迅速点儿。根据句意可知，这里是对过去的虚拟，故主句用“would have done”的形式，选D项。答案：D第30页，共34页。4(2011陕西高考)I _through that bitter period without your generous help. Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt go Cwouldnt go Dhadnt gone 第31页，共34页。解析：考查虚拟语气。英语中， without, with, or, otherwise 等可构成含蓄虚拟语气，此处without your generous help相当于条件状语从句“If it hadnt been your generous help”，表示与过去事实相反，此时句中的谓语动词应用sho