英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题及答案及解析

1、英语阅读理解（ 社会文化 ） 练习题及答案及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1 阅读理解A PG-13 rating is a stricter warning by the Rating Board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. A PG-13 film may go beyond the PG rating in theme, violence, nudity （裸露 ）, language, adult activities or other eleme

2、nts, but does not reach the restricted R category.The theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than PG-13, although activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film. Any drug use will initially require at least a PG-13 ratin

3、g. More than brief nudity will require at least a PG-13 rating, but such nudity in PG-13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. There may be violence scene in a PG-13 movie, but generally not both realistic and extreme or persistent violence.A single use of one of the rude words in a fi

4、lm, though only as an expletive （ 感叹语 ）, initially requires at least a PG-13 rating. More than one such bad word requires an R rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. The Rating Board nevertheless may rate such a film PG-13 if, based on a special vote by a two-thirds majori

5、ty, the Raters feel that most American parents would believe that a PG-13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is easily neglected.（ 1 ） What is the main goal of this passage?A.To discuss various movie rating

6、s.B.To explain various movie ratings.C.To explain the difference between PG-13 and R movie ratings.D.To explain the PG-13 movie rating.（ 2 ） According to PG-13 rating, the theme of the movie .A.has little impact on its ratingB.has a large impact on its ratingC.should be entertainingD.should be suita

7、ble for children（ 3 ） From Paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage .A.should not be allowed in moviesB.is dangerousC.makes a PG-13 rating necessaryD.is not appropriate for children under 13（ 4 ） What does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require?A.A PG rating.B.A PG-13 rating.C.An R rati

8、ng.D.An NC-17 rating.【答案】 （ 1 ） DACC【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。 PG-13 级是电影分级委员会对家长发出的更严格的警告，目的是决定13 岁以下的孩子是否应该看这部电影。文章介绍了 PG-13 电影分级。（ 1 ）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文从主题、暴力、裸体、语言、成人活动方面解释了 PG-13的电影分级。全文目的在于解释PG-13。故选Do（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ The theme of the film by itself will not result in a ratinggreater than PG-13, alth

9、ough activities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in a restricted rating for the film.,电影的主题本身不会导致评级大于PG-13,尽管在电影中出现的与成熟主题相关的活动可能会导致对电影的限制评级。此可知，电影的主题对PG-13评级影响不大。故选 A 。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ Anydrug use will initially require at least a PG-13rating. 任何药物使用最初都需要至少达到”PG-13 级别。可知，药物使

10、用使PG-13 评级是必要的。故选C。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ More than one such bad word requires an R rating,as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. ，一部有两个或两个以上脏话用法”的电影需要满足 R级。故选Co【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2 阅读理解Beginning life at college naturally develops

11、both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as they adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in:Low energy or motivation.Trouble sleeping.Increas

12、es/decreases in appetite.Having difficulty with school.Increased use of drugs or alcohol.Lack of interest or involvement in new surroundings.CAUSESThe distance from home the farther you go, the worse it may be.Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.You have fina

13、lly arrived at college after working toward it for so long.A heavy workload.Students who are homesick often feel they have no control over their environment.WHAT MIGHT HELP?Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time withinthe university to begin to get inv

14、olved here.Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a balance between work and leisure.If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as

15、well as physically.Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service.What might be a sign of feeling homesick?Feeling

16、like quarreling with someone else.Becoming interested in study than ever before.Finding food or fruit less attractive.Participating in almost all activities in college.New college students might be homesick because.they are never far away from their parentsthey feel upset about something unexpectedt

17、hey suddenly do not have anything to dothey do not like the university they are inWhich of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?Keeping their old friends left behind.Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.Forcing themselves to stay in their dor

18、ms on weekends.Going in for sports with their friends.【答案】(1) CB(3) D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。(1)细节理解题。由原文 Increases/decreasesn appetite.可知，如果一个人想家，就有可 能增加或减少食欲，所以 C选项 感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项 想跟别人吵架”、对学习比以前更感兴趣 ”和 几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选Co(2)细节理解题。由原文 “Unhappinesswhen

19、 things are different from your expectations of student life.可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选Bo(3)推理判断题。由原文 “Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind 可知，” 要跟留下的人保才I联系，所以 A选项 要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文 “Setup a balance between work and leisure.可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，

20、所以 B选项 “提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“Makecontacts and friendsthrough shared activities such as sports or other interests. 可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来”结识其他朋友，所以 C 选项 “强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D 选项 “跟朋友一起运动 ”是正确的。所以答案选 D。【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意

21、义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在 字里行间的语气及观点。3 阅读理解The Rugby （英式橄榄球） World Cup is currently being held in New Zealand. The tournament,due to finish on October 23, is living up to the famous English saying,暴徒“） Rugby is a thugs （game played gentlemen. ”The games a

22、re physically aggressive; the tackles （ 冲撞 ） on the pitch are brutal; but the end of each match is a civilized affair. Players shake hands and applaud each other. Of course, the other side to this saying is: Football is a gentlemans game played by thugs. Indeed, unlike soccer players, rugby players

23、dont often question the referees （裁判员） decisions or pretend to beinjured when they are not.“ Football could learn a lot from rugby, said Brian Moore, a former England rugby player The wonderful spirit of rugby is: there is a gentlemanly code to it. You play hard on the pitch, but you always respect

24、your opponent.Rugby is mainly played in Europe. Australia, New Zealand and parts of Africa. It is more enjoyable to play than soccer because you are always involved in the game, said Peter, a Welsh rugby coach. Rugby is also a far superior test of strength, stamina （ 耐力 ） and determination. Most pro

25、fessional rugby players are large, strong and weigh over 90 kilograms. People who play the sport need to be tough and be prepared to get hurt. Black eyes, broken bones, lost teeth and being knocked unconscious all these are common injuries. Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is blind in one

26、eye thanks to a rugby accident at school.In England, children begin playing the game at school at the age of 8. When they enter high school, many begin to play full contact rugby. Children are taught to play for around one hour a week during their PE lessons. Most schools have a rugby team. Children

27、 who play for the school team are usually the sportiest kids, and are seen as brave and athletic.（ 1 ） What can be concluded from the first three paragraphs?Football players are not real gentlemen.There is a better spirit in playing rugby than football.Football players are not as athletic as rugby p

28、layers.Brian Moore thinks that rules should be stricter in football.According to the passage, Peter thinks.rugby players pretend to be injured when they are notrugby is not very popular in America and Asiarugby makes people enjoy sports better than soccerrugby needs players strong will rather than s

29、trengthThe example of Gordon Brown is mentioned in order to .prove that playing rugby can earn people fameexplain why Gordon Brown is blind in one eyesupport the point that rugby players often get hurtwarn teenagers against playing rugby at schoolWhat can we infer from the passage?A. Teenagers will

30、lose interest in football.B. English children have a talent for rugby.C. Playing rugby doesnt involve skills.D. Rugby is not suitable for everyone.【答案】(1) BCCD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英式橄榄球，并且将它与足球进行了对 比。英式橄榄球是暴徒们的绅士运动，玩这项运动的人身体一定要强壮才行呢。(1)归纳总结题。前三段都在介绍英式橄榄球并且将其与足球比较，人们认为橄榄球是暴徒们的绅士运动，而足球是绅士的暴徒运动。并且说足球应

31、该学习橄榄球。故选B(2)名田节题。 第四段第二句It is more enjoyable to play than soccer because you are alwaysinvolved in the game玩英式橄榄球比完足球更有趣，因为你总是被卷入游戏之中的。故选 C(3)细节题。倒数第二段最后一句Former British Prime Minister Gordon Brown is blind inone eye thanks to a rugby accident at school.前英国首相戈登布朗在学校的一场橄榄球赛中瞎了一只眼睛。所以是来支持橄榄球运动会使人受伤。故

32、选 C(4) 细节题。倒数第二段第二句People who play the sport need to be tough and be preparedto get hurt.玩这项运动的人们要强壮并且要做好受伤的准备。从这里可以得出橄榄球这项 运动不适合所有人，故选 D4 .阅读理解Its not a new phenomenon, but have you noticed how many nouns are being used as verbs?We all use them, often without noticing what were doing.I was arrangin

33、g to meet someone for dinner last week, and I said Ill pencil it in my diary, and my friend said You can ink it in, meaning that it was a firm arrangement not a tentative one!Many of these new verbs are linked to new technology. An obvious example is the word fax.We all got used to sending and recei

34、ving faxes, and then soon started talking about faxing something and promising wed fax it immediately. Then along came email, and we were soon all emailing each other madly. How did we do without it? I can hardly imagine life without my daily emails.Email reminds me, of course, of my computer and it

35、s software, which has produced another couple of new verbs. On my computer I can bookmark those pages from the World Wide Web that I think Ill want to look at again, thus saving all the effort of remembering their addresses and calling them up from scratch. I can do the same thing on my PC, but ther

36、e I dont bookmark; I favorite coming from favorite pages, so the verb comes from an adjective not a noun.Now my children bought me a mobile phone, known simply as a mobile and I had to learn yet more new verbs. I can message someone, that is, I can leave a message for them on their phone. Or I can t

37、ext them, write a few words suggesting when and where to meet, for example. How long will it be before I can mobile them, that is, phone them using my mobile? I havent heard that verb yet, but Im sure I will soon. Perhaps Ill start using it myself!Ill pencil it in my diary in the second paragraph pr

38、obably means A.it was a firm arrangementB.he prefers a pencil to a penC.the arrangement should be written as a diaryD.it was an uncertain arrangementA website address can be easily found if it has been.A.favoritedB.messagedC.emailedD.textedWhich of the following has not been used as a verb yet?A.mes

39、sageB.mobileC.emailD.pageThe best title for this passage is.A.Technology and Language.B.Development of the English languageC.New Technology and New wordsD.New Verbs from Nouns【答案】(1) DABD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动 词。说明词汇是并不断的在变化。(1) 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 meaning that it was afirm arrangement n

40、ot a tentativeone!用铅笔写意为着不是最终的决定，只是临时的决定，故选 Do TOC o 1-5 h z (2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 I favorite coming from favorite pages , so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun.我把这些网站设置成我最喜欢的网站，通过这种方法 可以让我很快就找到这些网站。故选A。3 3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 and we were soon all emailing each other madly.;第”四段中的 I favorite co

41、ming from favorite pages , so the verb is derived from an adjective not a noun. 以及最后一段中的ban message someone”说明ACD都可以作为动词，只有 B项文章没有提及可以作为动词，故选B。(4)考查主旨大意。本文通过多个例子告诉我们很多名词都已经转换成了动词，故选Do【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅 读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5 .阅读理解Now in 2019, j

42、azz music is an important part of Indianapolis art culture. Jazz clubs around the city still host concerts with local jazz musicians like Rob Dixon and Joel Tucker. One of these clubs, the Chatterbox Jazz Club, still has live jazz seven nights a week.But the real history of jazz in Indy is much less

43、 simple. Along with the Avenues culture, jazz music was gone from the streets for many years.Indiana Avenue was the heart of a neighborhood along the White River. It was a center for black music and live street music. The wealthy avoided this area. So it became a place that poorer families, includin

44、g many African-American and immigrant ( 移民)families, moved to.Jazz prospered in the mix of American cultures around the Avenue in the 1930s and 1940s. Butin the 1950s, things changed. After the war, there were projects to make the city beautiful andbuild a university nearby. Both of these seemed lik

45、e good changes. However, the new universityand buildings caused poorer families to have to leave the area. This destroyed the Indiana Avenue community - and with it, its jazz culture.After many years, Indianapolis remembered the value of its arts and music culture. It began to bring back lost cultur

46、es such as live music on the Avenue. To do so, it began to make new changes. The changes included repairing historic areas like the Avenue. Once again, the high living costs in these historic arts areas pushed low-income families out.Today there are several old-style jazz clubs where friends can mee

47、t up to remember the past or just enjoy a summer evening. It might seem at first that jazz is alive again, but there is a sad reality behind these jazz clubs: Modern Indy jazz is only a shadow ( 影子)of the lively culture that was once on Indiana Avenue.(1) What does the author mainly want to say in P

48、aragraph 1?A.Jazz clubs can make big money.B.Jazz musicians often hold concerts.C.Jazz music is popular in Indianapolis.D.Jazz culture is just part of Indianapolis culture.（ 2 ） What does the underlined word prospered in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Disappeared quickly.B.Arrived soon.C.Recovered soon.D.Develo

49、ped well.What did Indianapolis do to bring back its lost culture?A.It rebuilt some old important areas.B.It invited old jazz musicians to sing in the city.C.It educated people about the value of music culture.D.It settled low-income families in the Indiana Avenue community,According to the passage,

50、which of the following about modern Indy jazz is true?A.Its home culture is gone.B.Its styles are too traditional.C.It shows the sadness of the poor.D.It is no longer a favorite of the young.【答案】 （ 1 ） CDAA【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 2019 年爵士乐仍然是印第安纳波利斯艺术文化的重 要组成部分，但是它的本土文化消失了。（ 1 ）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的 “ Nowin 201

51、9, jazz music is an important part of Indianapolis art culture. 现在到了” 2019 年，爵士乐是印第安纳波利斯艺术文化的重要组成部分。可知，第一段主要是介绍了爵士乐在印第安纳波利斯很受欢迎。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中中的Butn the 1950s, things changed However, thenew university and buildings caused poorer families to have to leave the area. This destroyed the Indiana A

52、venue community - and with it, its jazz culture. 但在 20 世纪 ” 50 年代，情况发生了变化。然而，新的 大学和建筑使得贫困家庭不得不离开这个地区。这摧毁了印第安纳大道社区，也随之摧毁了它的爵士乐文化。可知，转折词 but 之后描述了爵士乐的衰落，因此推测出划线词prospered 意为 “兴盛、蓬勃发展” 。故选D。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ Itbegan to bring back lost cultures such as livemusic on the Avenue. To do so, it began to

53、make new changes. The changes included repairing historic areas like the Avenue. ”它开始带回失落的文化，比如大街上的现场音乐。为此，它开始做出新的改变。这些改变包括修复像The Avenue 这样的历史街区。可知，它重建了一些旧的重要区域。故选A。（ 4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ Itmight seem at first that jazz is alive again, butthere is a sad reality behind these jazz clubs: Modern Indy jaz

54、z is only a shadow （ 影子 ） of the lively culture that was once on Indiana Avenue. 乍一看，爵士乐似乎又活了起来，但在这些”爵士乐俱乐部背后却有一个可悲的现实：现代印地安那爵士乐只是曾经活跃在印第安纳大道上的文化的一个影子。可知，爵士乐的本土文化消失了。故选 Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅 读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6 .阅读理解Children have their own ru

55、les in playing games. They seldom need a referee ( 裁判)and rarely trouble to keep scores. They dont care much about who wins or loses, and it doesnt seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly comp

56、ared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.Grown-ups can hardly find childrens game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play suc

57、h simple game again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when i

58、t comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone

59、 knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.What is true about children when they play games?A. They can stop playing any time they like.B. They can test their personal abilities.C

60、. They want to pick a better team.D. They dont need rules.To become a leader in a game the child has to.A. be a useful partnerB. wait for his turnC. be confident in himselfD. be popular among his playmatesWhy does a child like playing games?Because he can be someone other than himself.Because he can