我国进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系简介

1、焦 阳Jiao Yang 2012年3月 北京Beijing, March, 2012我国进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系简介Overview of Chinas Imported and Exported Food Safety Risk Early Warning and Quick Response System 主 要 内 容Main contents进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system加强进出口食品安全风险预警的重要意

2、义Significance of enhancement of imported and exported food safety risk early warning主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系的状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions建立食品安全风险预警体系的重要性Importance of establishment of the food safety risk early warning system引言 Introduction结束

3、语Conclusions 进出口乳制品风险预警管理Risk early warning of the imported and the exported of dairy products引 言Introduction几个概念 Several concepts何谓“风险” What is risk?何谓“警” What is warning? 何谓“风险预警” What is risk early warning?风险预警体系的特点 Characteristics of the risk early warning system作为一个完整的系统具有系统性、层次性、快速性的特点。 The wh

4、ole system features systematic approach, various levels, and quick response. 建立食品安全风险预警体系的重要性Importance of establishment of the food safety risk early warning system-对食品安全问题早发现、早研判、早预警、早报告、早沟通、早处置Early detection, judgment, warning, reporting, communication, and handling of food safety problem.-提高食品质

5、量安全监管工作的针对性、有效性Improve the relevance and effectiveness of food quality and safety supervision.-尽可能避免出现重大食品质量安全事故或减轻 事故造成的危害Avoid major food quality and safety incidents or mitigate the harm caused by the incidents as far as possible. 1、食品安全风险预警体系已逐渐成为确保食品安全，保障公众健康和促进经济发展的重要措施。 1. The food safety ris

6、k early warning system has gradually become an important measure to ensure food safety, protect public health and promote economic development. -联合国粮农组织（FAO）和世界卫生组织（WHO）- UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) -国际食品法典委员会 （CAC）- Codex Alimentarius Commission (C

7、AC) 主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 风险评估Risk assessment风险管理Risk management风险交流Risk communication基于科学 Based on science 基于政策Based on policies关于风险的信息和意见的互动交流Interactive communication of information and views on risks主要贸易国家和地

8、区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 2、国际上提出了风险分析的系统方法。风险分析由风险评估、风险管理和风险交流三部分内容有机构成。 2. A systematic approach to risk analysis has been adopted in the world.Risk analysis consists of three parts, i.e., risk assessment, risk management

9、 and risk communication. 3、国际上将食品安全风险评估作为食品安全监管的基本制度发挥着重要的科学指导作用。 3. Food safety risk assessment is employed internationally as a basic system in food safety supervision, playing an important role as a scientific guidance. 4、食品安全风险预警体系在美国、欧盟、日本、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等发达国家已经实施多年，并被纳入到国家的财政预算。 4. Food safety ri

10、sk early warning system has been implemented in the U.S., EU, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other developed countries for many years, and incorporated into the national budget. 主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions

11、主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 世界主要贸易大国，如美国、欧盟、日本、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰等都建立了完善的食品风险预警和快速反应体系。 Major trading countries in the world, such as the U.S., EU, Japan, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, have established a complete food ris

12、k early warning and quick response system.欧盟的食品预警系统 EU food early warning system澳大利亚植物检疫北方预警系统Australian plant quarantine north watch system 美国FDA化妆品预警系统U.S. FDA cosmetic early warning system加拿大植物预警系统Canadian plant early warning system了解风险预警体系的组成和作用，提供经验To understand the composition and role of risk

13、 early warning systems can help to acquire relevant experience. 主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 澳大利亚植物检疫北方预警系统（NorthWatch ）Australian plant quarantine north watch system (North Watch)澳大利亚从1989年开始建立北部预警系统。Australia started

14、 to build the North Watch systems in 1989. 早期预警包括确定受到风险的安全植物分A、B两类(共15种)和确定关注的有害生物名单（共74种）。The early warning includes determining safe plants (category A and B) under risks (15 species) and determining the list of harmful organisms concerned (74 species).其主要内容为：早期预警、国境检疫及公共宣传和教育。Its main contents co

15、nsist of early warning, border quarantine and public awareness and education.主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions澳大利亚植物检疫北方预警系统（NorthWatch ）Australian plant quarantine north watch system (North Watch)澳大利亚从1989年开始建立北部预警系统Austra

16、lia started to build the North Watch systems in 1989. 。其主要内容为：早期预警、国境检疫及公共宣传和教育。Its main contents consist of early warning, border quarantine and public awareness and education.确定风险地区等国境检疫包括要求入境旅客在交通工具上申报、入境口审查验等。The border quarantine, such as determining risk areas, requires declaration of incoming

17、 passengers on transport vehicles and review and inspection at ports of entry. 主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 澳大利亚植物检疫北方预警系统（NorthWatch ）Australian plant quarantine north watch system (North Watch)澳大利亚从1989年开始建立北部预警系统。Au

18、stralia started to build the North Watch systems in 1989. 其主要内容为：早期预警、国境检疫及公共宣传和教育。Its main contents consist of early warning, border quarantine and public awareness and education.公共宣传和教育，包括机场等入境现上展览和播放录音，设置公路宣传广告、新闻媒体宣传及对一些机关团体，如导游宣传等。Public awareness and education includes exhibition and broadcast

19、ing the message at airports and other entries. highway advertisements, media campaign, and exposure to some government agencies and organizations through guides.主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 加拿大植物检疫预警系统（Early Warning Sy

20、stem）Canadian plant quarantine early warning system 加拿大建立植物检疫预警系统的目的是对新的具有潜在检疫意义的 有害生物进行预警。 The Canadian plant quarantine early warning system is established for an early warning of new pests with potential quarantine risk. 其主要内容为：信息收集、信息的筛选和风险分析以及对可能造成的风险采取相应的检疫措施。Its main contents include informat

21、ion collection, screening and risk analysis, and taking appropriate quarantine measures to potential risks. 收集到的信息进行筛选和风险分析，初步确定风险的性质和大小。根据初步风险分析情况，采取相应措施，包括：修改一项进口法规、向口岸发出警情警示、向进口国发出通报、增加检测或检疫措施、启动一个完整的风险分析。Conduct a screening and risk analysis of the collected information to initially determine th

22、e nature and size of the risk.On the basis of the results of preliminary risk analysis, take appropriate measures, including modifying an import regulation, issuing a warning to ports, issuing a circular to the importing country, taking more testing or quarantine measures, and launching a complete r

23、isk analysis.主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统（RASFF）EU Quick Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) 其目的是为了保护消费者免受食品消费中可能存在的风险或潜在风险的危害；以及在欧盟成员国及欧盟委员会之间及时交流风险信息。 RASFF is established to protect consumers agains

24、t the risk or potential risk of hazards that may exist in food consumption; and for timely exchange of risk information between EU member states and the European Commission.发布警示通报：Warning notifications: 警示通告：当危险的食品或饲料已经上市，并需要立即采取措施时发布警报通告。或者警示通告的产品已经从市场上撤回或正在撤回Warning notices: a warning notice will

25、be issued when the hazardous food or feed is already on the market and requires taking immediate measures or when the products listed in a warning notice have been or are being withdrawn from the market. 主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countri

26、es and regions欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统（RASFF）EU Quick Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) 其目的是为了保护消费者免受食品消费中可能存在的风险或潜在风险的危害；以及在欧盟成员国及欧盟委员会之间及时交流风险信息。 RASFF is established to protect consumers against the risk or potential risk of hazards that may exist in food consumption; and for timely exchange of risk in

27、formation between EU member states and the European Commission. 发布警示通报：Warning notifications: 信息通告：当食品或饲料已经被确认为有害，进入市场时发布信息通告。或者信息通告的产品尚未进入市场或已经采取相关处理措施 Information notices: an information notice will be issued when a food or feed which has been recognized as harmful is entering the market or whenth

28、e products listed in the information notice have not yet entered the market or have been properly handled.主要贸易国家和地区食品安全风险预警体系状况Overview of food safety risk early warning systems in major trading countries and regions 欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统（RASFF）EU Quick Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) 其目的是为了保护消费者免受食品

29、消费中可能存在的风险或潜在风险的危害；以及在欧盟成员国及欧盟委员会之间及时交流风险信息。 RASFF is established to protect consumers against the risk or potential risk of hazards that may exist in food consumption; and for timely exchange of risk information between EU member states and the European Commission. 发布警示通报：Warning notifications: 消息通

30、告：对成员国的食品或饲料管理机构有用的各种与食品或饲料安全相关的信息将被分类并以信息通告形式发布。 Information notice: the information useful for the food or feed administration agencies of member states or related to food or feed safety will be classified and issued in the form of information notices. 加强进出口食品安全风险预警的重要意义Significance of enhancement

31、 of the imported and the exported food safety risk early warning 我国经过十几年的努力加入了世界贸易组织。面对开放的市场，我国的检验检疫面临着严峻的考验，我们技术性贸易措施尚不完善，更没有形成体系，显得十分脆弱和被动。因此，需要建立完善系统的风险预警系统来保护人类、动植物生命安全和健康，保护国家贸易利益和国内市场，促进我国经济发展。 China has joined the WTO after over a decade of efforts.Facing the open market, China is confronted

32、with a severe test in inspection and quarantine. The technical trade measures are imperfect, have not formed a system, and are very fragile and passive.Therefore, we need to establish a comprehensive system of risk early warning system to ensure the safety and health of human, animal and plant life,

33、 protect the interests of the national trade and domestic markets, and promote the economic development in China.加强进出口食品安全风险预警的重要意义Significance of enhancement of the imported and the exported food safety risk early warning加强进出口食品安全风险预警是法律赋予的神圣使命It is a sacred mission entrusted by laws to enhance the

34、 early warning of the imported and the exported food safety risks.加强进出口食品安全风险预警是对总局领导要求的具体落实加强进出口食品安全风险预警是我国进出口食品安全监管体系的重要环节It is an important link of the imported and exported food safety regulatory system in China to enhance the early warning of the imported and the exported food safety risks. 加强进

35、出口食品安全风险预警是打破国外贸易壁垒，促进外贸发展的要求It is a requirement of breaking down foreign trade barriers and promoting the development of foreign trade to enhance the early warning of the imported and the exported food safety risks. 加强进出口食品安全风险预警的重要意义Significance of enhancement of the imported and the exported food

36、 safety risk early warning风险预警是我国进出口食品安全监管体系的重要环节It is an important link of the imported and the exported food safety regulatory system in China to enhance the early warning of the imported and the exported food safety risks.进出口食品安全风险预警是贯穿于进出口食品安全点、线、面管理体系中的重要环节 The early warning of the imported and

37、 the exported food safety risks is an important link throughout the points, lines, and surfaces in the management system of the imported and the exported food safety. 进出口食品安全风险监控，为全面开展进口食品风险分析，提高进口食品检验监管有效性提供了科学依据，有效提高了进出口食品的安全卫生 The monitoring of the imported and the exported food safety risks prov

38、ides a scientific basis for the full implementation of risk analysis of the imported food and for enhancing the effectiveness of inspection and supervision of the imported food, and effectively improves the safety and hygiene of the imported and the exported food.进出口食品安全预警信息，在对不合格数据进行风险分析的基础上，将监管资源集

39、中到重点产品、重点项目，是提升监管水平的必然要求 The early warning information of the imported and the exported food safety focuses the regulatory resources on key products and projects on the basis of the risk analysis of data of substandard products, which is an inevitable requirement to enhance the regulatory level. 进出口

40、食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system食品安全法Food Safety Law食品安全法实施条例Regulation on the Implementation of theFood Safety Law 食品安全风险监测管理规定进出口食品安全管理办法进出口食品安全信息及风险预警管理实施细则（即将发布）Detailed Rules for theImplementationofthe imported and the exporte

41、d food Safety Information and Risk Early Warning Management (coming soon)进出口食品安全风险监控工作指南Guidance for Monitoring of the imported and the exported food Safety Risks 关于进一步加强产品质量安全风险信息管理工作的指导意见Guidance on Further Strengthening the Risk Information Management of Product Quality and Safety 关于加强食品安全风险信息管理工

42、作方案（试行）Working Program on Strengthening the Risk Information Management of Food Safety (trial)食品安全信息公布管理办法法律体系Legal systems 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system （一）法律法规及规章1 Laws, rules and regulations 1、法律1.1 Laws -中华人民共和国食品安全法- The

43、 Food Safety Law of the Peoples Republic of China -中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法- The Law of the Peoples Republic of China onImport and ExportCommodity Inspection 由全国人大常委会制定的有关法律包括：Relevant laws enacted by the NPC Standing Committee include:、法规1.2 Rules-中华人民共和国食品安全法实施条例- Regulation on the Implementation of theFoo

44、d Safety Lawof the Peoples Republic of China-中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法实施条例- Decision of theState Councilabout Further Strengthening Food Safety-国务院关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定- Regulation on the Implementation of the Law of the Peoples Republic of China onImport and ExportCommodity Inspection-国务院关于加强食品等产品安全监督管理的特别规定- Spe

45、cial Rules of the State Council on Strengthening the Supervision and Management of the Safety of Food and Other Products由国务院制定的有关法规包括：Relevant rules enacted by the State Council include: 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system（一）法律法规及规

46、章1 Laws, rules and regulations、部门规章1.3 Departmental regulations-出入境检验检疫风险预警及快速反应管理规定- Regulation on Risk Early Warning and Quick Response for Entry and Exit Inspection and Quarantine -进出口食品安全信息管理及风险预警管理实施细则- Detailed Rules for theImplementationofthe imported and the exported food Safety Information

47、and Risk Early Warning Management 有关部门规章包括：Regulations of relevant departments include: 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局令第1号出人境检验检疫风险预警及快速反应管理规定Decree No. 1, State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspe

48、ction and Quarantine of the Peoples Republic of China Regulation on Risk Early Warning and Quick Response for Entry and Exit Inspection and Quarantine 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system 本规定所称“预警”是指为使国家和消费者免受出入境货物、物品中可能存在的风险或潜在危害而采

49、取的一种预防性安全保障措施。The term early warning in this regulation refers to a preventive safety measure taken to protect the state and consumers against the risks or potential hazards existing in entry and exit goods and objects. 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning a

50、nd quick response system 国家质量监督检验检疫总局（以下简称国家质检总局）统一管理全国出入境检验检疫风险预警及快速反应工作。国家质检总局设立出入境检验检疫风险预警及快速反应工作办公室（以下简称预警办公室），负责风险预警及快速反应的信息管理工作。The State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (hereinafter referred to as the AQSIQ) is responsible for the overall administration of the

51、 risk warning and quick response at entry-exit inspection and quarantine in China.The AQSIQ sets up an entry-exit inspection and quarantine risk warning and quick response office (hereinafter referred to as the Early Warning Office) which is responsible for the information management of risk early w

52、arning and quick response. 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system1号令表明我国风险预警系统具备以下特点：Decree No. 1 shows that the risk early warning system in China has the following features:覆盖面广 Wide coverage目标明确 Clear goals系统化 Systematic approach风险

53、预警系统主要包括四个方面：The risk early warning system includes four aspects:信息收集 Information collection风险评估 Risk assessment实施措施 Implementation of measures预警解除和监督管理 Early warning lifting, supervision and management 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response

54、 system进出口食品安全信息管理及风险预警管理实施细则Detailed Rules for theImplementationofthe imported and the exported Food Safety Information and Risk Early Warning Management 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system进出口食品风险预警系统主要包括：the imported and the expo

55、rted risk warning system includes:信息收集 Information collection信息分级 Information classification信息核准 Examination and approval of information 信息风险分析 Risk analysis of information信息通报与公布 Notification and release of information风险预警 Risk early warning控制措施 Control measures预警解除和监督管理 Early warning lifting, supe

56、rvision and management 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safety risk early warning and quick response system （二）中国进出口食品安全风险预警工作构架2. Framework of the imported and the exported food safety risk early warning in China 国务院食品安全委员会 Food Safety Commission of the State Council食品药品监督管理局Sta

57、te Food and Drug Administration卫生部 Ministry of Health国家质检总局 State General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine农业部Ministry of Agriculture工商总局State Administration for Industry and Commerce进出口食品安全局Bureau of the imported and the exported food safety动植检疫监管司Department of Superv

58、ision onAnimal and PlantQuarantine食品生产监管司Department of Supervision on FoodProduction其他相关业务司室Other related departments and divisions 技术支撑机构Technical support agencies直属检验检疫局Inspection and quarantine bureaus directly under the AQSIQ 分支机构Branches 进出口食品安全风险预警及快速反应体系The imported and the exported food safe

59、ty risk early warning and quick response system （三）体系的总体框架3. Overall framework of the system进出口食品安全信息Safety information on the imported and the exported其他信息Other information国家质检总局AQSIQ口岸警示通报Notification of port warnings安全信息通报Notification of safety information各检验局检疫机构Inspection and quarantine authori

60、ties向相关贸易国或地区通报Notification to inform relevant trading countries or regions专家委员会Committee of experts发布Release统计分析Statistical analysis实施快速反应Implementation of quick response同级其他相关部门Other related departments at the same level国外官方通报食品安全信息Food safety information notified by foreign countries评估及反馈Assessme