高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Reading and Thinking（课文原文和翻译）

1、Unit 1 People of AchievementReading and ThinkingTU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖6 October 2015课文原文和翻译疟疾是经雌性按蚊叮咬或输入带有处于感染阶段疟原虫血液,感染疟原虫所引起虫媒传染病。现感染人类的疟原虫主要有四种,即间日疟原虫、恶性疟原虫、三日疟原虫和卵形疟原虫。我国主要是间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫,其他两种较为少见,近年来输入性疟疾已成为我国消除疟疾面临的重大挑战。这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我的国家的全体人民。这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科学研究和中医药走向世

2、界，确实是一种荣誉。 This years Nobel Prize for Physiology(生理学) or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin (青蒿素), a crucial new treatment for malaria (疟疾). Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for mi

3、llions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促使了青蒿素的发现。这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法。青

4、蒿素挽救了数十万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。全世界每年有超过2亿人罹患疟疾，约60万人死于疟疾。青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据认为仅在非洲一年就能挽救10万人的生命。 Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy

5、(学院，研究院，学会) of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed (组建，形成，表格) a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among (三者或者以上的之一) the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan,

6、where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. 屠呦呦是一位坚定而耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后，她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了海南研究疟疾患者，在那里疟疾较为普遍。In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chin

7、ese medical texts (文献，文字，课题) to find traditional botanical (植物学的) treatments for the disease. Her team examined (检查，调查，考试) over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties (性能，内容). From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct (不同的，独特的) ancient C

8、hinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.1969年，她成为北京项目的负责人，并决定复阅中国古代医药文献，寻找这种疾病的传统植物疗法。她的团队查阅了2000多本古老的医药文献，并对280 000种植物的药用价值进行了评估。在他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代疗法，这些方法为抗击疟疾带来了希望。 One medical text from the fourth century(世纪) suggested using the extract (提取，摘录) from swe

9、et wormwood(青蒿) to treat a fever. Tus team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work either. Their project got stuck (stick黏住，坚持，木棍). However, Tu Youyou wou

10、ld not acknowledge defeat. She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. 一本四世纪的医药文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试了一批干青蒿，但没有发现效果。然后，他们试着把

11、新鲜的青蒿煮沸，并用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不起作用。他们的项目陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。她再次分析了一遍医药文献，偶然间，她发现了一句话，建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。她得出结论，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance(物质) that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team m

12、embers even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine，which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.她用较低的温度提取提取物，发现了一种有效的物质。在失败了190多次之后，这个团队终于在19

13、71年成功了。屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 According to(据说) Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed(的确，真正的) an hono