人教版七年级英语下册第八单元知识点总结

1、Unit8Isthereapostofficenearhere?一重点单词和短语postoffice邮局policestation警察局payphone投币式公用ontheFifthAvenue在第五大街acrossfrom在.对面nextto紧靠betweenand在.和之间infrontof在前面intheneighborhood在附近nearhere在这附近takeawalk=haveawalk散步takeataxi乘出租车thewayto去.的路上gostraight沿着.直走turnright=turntotheright向右拐turnleft=turntotheleft向左转goa

2、long=walkalong=godown沿着走ononesleft在某人的左边ontheright在右边atthefirstcrossing在第一个十字路口welcometo欢迎到.ahousewithabeautifulgarden一个带漂亮花园的enjoyreading享受阅读looklike看起来haveagoodtrip旅途愉快havefun玩到开心二重点单词和短语1.Therebe句型(1)结构：Therebe+sb./sth.+地点表示“在某地有某人或某物”（there是引导词，没有词义；be是谓语动词；某人/物是主语，地点作状语，多为介词短语）E.g.Thereisabanki

3、ntheneighborhood.(2)Therebe句型的谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。如果后面的名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用is.E.g.Thereissomesaladonthetable.如果后面的名词是可数名词复数，谓语动词用are.E.g.Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.如果Therebe句型中有多个名词，be动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。E.g.Thereisaboyandtwogirlsintheroom.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.(3)Therebe句

4、型的一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?肯定回答：Yes,thereis/are.否定回答：No,thereisnt/aren.tE.g.Isthereabanknearhere?Yes,thereis./No,thereisnt.(4)Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加notE.g.Thereisapostofficenearhear.Thereisntapostofficenearhear.(5)Therebe句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（组）+be+there+其他E.g.Therearethreepensinmysch

5、oolbag请.(对划线部分进行提问).Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有.”，但有所区别：含义不同。therebe结构表示的是“某地有某物/人”，强调“存在关系”；have则表示“某人/某物所有”，强调“所属关系”。E.g.Thereisabusinourfactory.Ourfactoryhasabus.句型不同。therebe结构的句型为“Therebe+某物/某人+某地”，否定句是把not放在be之后，疑问句是把be提到句首；have句型为“某人/某物+have/has+某物/某人”，否定句通常是在have前

6、加dont(has前加doesn，t)疑问句是在句首加do（第三人称单数加does）。E.g.Thereisntacatunderthechair.Shedoesnthavetwobrothers.用thereis或thereare还是用have或has均取决于句子的主语。但therebe句型里有两个或多个并列主语时，be习惯上和最靠近的那个在数上保持一致。E.g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhav

7、esomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用therebe和have均可。E.g.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)acrossfrom意为“在,的对面”，后面接表示地点的名词或代词。E.g.Weliveacrossfromthestreet.Thereisabankacrossfromthelibrary.表示“在,的对面”的短语还有：ontheothersideof.Thebusstopisontheotherside

8、oftheriver.beoppositeto.Thefruitshopisoppositethepostoffice.3、nextto表示“在.旁边；靠近；紧挨着”，后接表地点的名词或代词。E.g.Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.Thegardenisnexttomyhouse.【辨析】near也表示“在.旁边”，但与nextto有所区别：从空间上讲，near只表示“在.旁边；在.附近”而nextto有“紧挨着”之意；也就是说nextto比near靠的更近。试比较：E.g.PetersitsnexttoMike.PetersitsnearTom.4.【辨析】bet

9、ween和amongbetween表示“在.中间”，常与and连接，构成短语between.and.，指在两者之间E.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.among也表示“在.中间”，指在三者或三者以上的中间。E.g.Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.5.【辨析】infrontof/inthefrontof都表示“在.前面”infrontofinthefrontof指在物体外部的前面指在物体内部的前面ThereisabankinfrontofthehospitalTheteachersdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.cross动词表

10、示“横过；越过”E.g.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介词表示“横过；穿过”E.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介词，表示“（从中间）穿过”E.g.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示从一定X围的一边另一边,动作在物体表面进行。E.g.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/streetspend动词，表示“花（时间、金钱）”spend,onsth.（名词）“在某事或某物上花费金钱或时间”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomewo

11、rk.Lindaspendstenyuanonthisbook.spend,(in)doingsth.“花费金钱或时间做某事”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.Sheoftenspendstwentyminutes(in)walkingtoschool.pay动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款”（过去式为paid）payfor+物“付钱买某物”E.g.Hepaidforthebooks.pay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物”E.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebooks.paysb.somemoneyforsth.E.g.Hepaid

12、her20dollarsfortheshoes.see/watch/hearsb.doingsth.表示“看见/观看/听见某人正在做某事”E.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.Ioftenhearsomegirlssingingintheclassroom.Togettothepark,youjusthavetocrossCenterStreet.togettothepark是目的状语前置，just起增强语气的作用，和此处的haveto表示“只要，仅需”。E.g.Togetagoodgrade,wemuststudyhard.enjoy动词，表示“享

13、受；喜爱”enjoyableadj.表示“高兴的”enjoysth./sb.“喜欢某物/某人”E.g.Doyouenjoythisbook?enjoydoingsth.“喜欢做某事”E.g.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime表示“玩得高兴”E.g.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.“做某事很有乐趣”E.g.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.easy形容词，表示“容易的”，用来修饰名词反义词：difficult“困

14、难的”easily副词，“容易地；轻松地”，用来修饰动词E.g.Thequestionissoeasy.Youcangettothelibraryeasily.Itsonesturntodosth.表示“轮到某人做某事”E.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom.taketurnstodosth.表示“轮流去做某事”E.g.Taketurnstocleantheblackboard.thewayto+地点表示“去,的路”E.g.Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?15.ThengodownBridgeStreetandturnlefta

15、tNewPark.godown意为“往前走”。turnleft/right意为“向左/右拐”。在英语中表示“往前走”的短语还有go/walkup,go/walkdown,go/walkalong等。E.g.Turnrightandgostraightalongthisroad.三重点句型（一）问路1)Excuseme,whereisthe.?2)Excuseme,istherea.nearhere?Excuseme,whichisthewayto.?Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto(去的路).?Excuseme,howcanIgetto.?Excuseme,canyo

16、utellmehowIcangetto.?=Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogetto.（二）提供问路信息时，可以说：（1）Goalong/down/upthisstreet/road.（2）Gostraightaheadandturnleftatthethirdtrafficlights.（3）Takethesecondturning/crossingontheright/left.=Turnleft/rightatthesecondturning/crossing.（4）Goonuntilyoureachtheend./Goalongthisroadtotheend.（

17、5）Youllseetheontheright/left.（6）Itsnexttothe/infrontofthe/behindthe/ontheleft(right)of（7）TaketheNo.busanditwilltakeyouthere.（8）Youcantmissit.意思是“Itsveryeasytofind!TestforUnit8I、词汇、根据汉语、首字母及句子意思补全单词。1.Theparknearmyhomeisveryd_,Idontliketogothere.Intheg_,therearesomevegetables.Isthereaschoolinthe_附(近)

18、?Weseeherwhenshep_theclassroom.Go_穿(过)thestreetwhenthelight(灯)isgreen.Imvery_饥饿(的),Iwantsomefoodtohave.Howdoyou_(抵达)attheairport?Thegirlsenjoy_(see)comedies.Ihopethe_(begin)ofourtourishappy.Theyhavefun_(walk)inthepark.Doyouenjoy_(you)atthebirthdayparty?Godown_(three)Streetandturnright.II、单项选择()1._th

19、ereabanknearhere?A.AmB.IsC.AreD.Be()2.Ourschoolis_abank.A.nextB.nexttoC.betweenD.betweenand()3.-_isthepark?-ItsonCenterStreet.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.How()4.Thesupermarketis_FifthAvenue.A.onB.throughC.betweenD./()5.Thelibraryis_therestaurantandthesupermarket.A.nextB.nearC.betweenD.across()6.-Whereareyo

20、u_?-Beijing.A.onB.fromCeDefrom()7.Is_apayphoneintheneighborhood?A.thisB.thereC.thatD.the()8.-_canIgettothepostoffice?-Godownthisroadandturnleft.A.WhereB.WhatC.HowD.When()9.-Isthereasupermarket?-No,_.A.thisisnotB.thereisntC.itisnD.therearent()10.Thereisnt_cleanpark.A.theB.aC.anD./()11.Thisisanicecity

21、_manyinterestingplaces.A.ofB.withC.onD.and()12.BridgeStreetisagoodplace_.A.havefunB.tohavefunC.havingfunD.tofun()13.-Isthereapayphone_theneighborhood?-Yes,its_CenterStreet_theright.A.in,down,onB.on,on,isC.in,on,isD.on,down,on()14.Canyoutellmetheway_thepostoffice?A.toB.onC.atD.of()15.Youcangetmoneyin

22、the_andyoucangetbooksinthe_.A.postoffice,bankB.bank,gardenC.bank,libraryD.library,bank、介词填空，在空格处填入一个适当的介词。Thelibraryis_thepayphoneandthesupermarket.Takeawalk_theparkonCenterAvenue.Thatisapicture_myfamily.Thereisabank_CenterStreet.5.Thebroom(扫帚)is_thedoor,wecantseeit.、阅读理解ItSundays.Itfines.Tomdoesnot

23、gotoschooltoday.Butheisnotathome.Hesnowsitting(坐)onaChinesebus.Heisgoingtothemoviehouse.Allhisclassmates(同学)willgotoseeamoviethisafternoon.HisteacherMrWangwillgothere,too.Theywillmeetat2:00p.m.atthegate(门口)ofthemoviehouse.Anoldmangetson(上车)thebus.Tomstandsupandsays(说)totheoldman,“Comeandsithere,plea

24、sTheoldmangoesoverandsitsdown.Hesays,“Thankyouverymuch,myboy.Youareagoodstudeanswers,“Yourewelcome.”“Whatschoolareyouin?”theoldmanasksTom.“IaminNo.2MiddleSchool.”Tomanswers.“No.2?Thatsagoodschool.Mysonisateacherthere.HeisanEnglishteacher.”Th“Englishteacher?Excuseme,grandpa.Whatsyoursonsname,please?”

25、Tomasks.“MrWang,”saystheoldman.“Ah,ah,heismyEnglishteacher.”Justthen,thebusstopsnearthemoviehouse.Tomsaysgoodbyetoldmanandgetsoff(下车)thebus.Theoldmansmiles(微笑)toTom.()1.Inthesentence(句子)“thebusstopsnearthemoviehouse”.意“思stop是)”means.(A.车站B.开C.关D.停()2.Which(哪一句)isright?A.ItsSaturdaytoday.B.Itsnotfine

26、today.C.TomgoestoschoolonSunday.D.TomisastudentofNo.2MiddleSchool.()3.MrWangis_.A.athometodayB.theoldmanssonC.theoldmanDs.fatherChineseteacher()4.WhatdoyouthinkofTom?A.Tomisagoodstudent.B.Tomisabad(坏的)student.C.Hedoeswrong(错)things.D.Heisagoodteacher.()5.Whichisright?A.TomgoestothemoviehouseonanEngl

27、ishcar.B.OnlyTomandhisteachergotothemoviehousetoseeamovie.C.Theygotothemoviehouseforameeting(会议).D.TheoldmanssonisTomsEnglishteacher.VI、完形填空MynameisDaisy.I1myparentsinanapartment(公寓).Theapartmentison2floorofatallbuilding(建筑物).314floorsandacarparkinthebasement(地下室).Myfatherparks(停放)his4there.Ourapartmentisntinthecenter5thecity.Its36kmthecenter.Myfatherworksinthecity,7hegoestowork8