建筑学专业英文词汇

1、建筑专业英文词汇1建筑面积Construction2建筑用地Buildingland3容积率Volumeratio4绿地率Greenrate5室外透视效果图Outdoorperspectiverenderings6室内透视效果图Interiorperspectiverenderings7一层平面Layerplan8二层平面Secondfloorflat9剖面Section10正北面Isnorth11正南面Issouth12正东面Iseast13总平面图GeneralPlan14构图分析Compositionanalysis15设计理念Design：16设计说明DesignNotes:17图纸D

2、rawing18.主入口大门/岗亭(车行&人行)MAINENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE(FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN)19.次入口/岗亭(车行&人行)2NDENTRANCEGATE/GUARDHOUSE(FORVEHICLE&PEDESTRIAN)20.商业中心入口ENTRANCETOSHOPPINGCTR.21.水景WATERFEATURE小型露天剧场MINIAMPHI-THEATRE迎宾景观-1WELCOMINGFEATURE-1观景木台TIMBERDECK(VIEWING)竹园BAMBOOGARDEN漫步广场WALKWAYPLAZA露天咖啡廊OUTDOORC

3、AFE巨大迎宾水景-2GRANDWELCOMINGFEATURE-2木桥TIMBERBRIDGE石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCKSCAPEWATERFALLSGROTTO/VIEWINGTERRACE吊桥HANGINGBRIDGE休憩台地(低处)LOUNGINGTERRACE(LOWER)休憩台地(高处)LOUNGINGTERRACE(UPPER)特色踏步FEATURESTEPPINGSTONE野趣小溪RIVERWILD儿童乐园CHILDRENSPLAYGROUND37旱冰道SLIDE羽毛球场BADMINTONCOURT旱景DRYLANDSCAPE40woodandmetalfences木头和

4、金属栅栏41aestheticconsiderations审美方面的考虑42climatezones气候带43collectedrainwater收集起来的雨水44cold寒带45ecologicalimpact生态影响46exoticplantspecies外来植物物种47gardenpool花园游泳池48landscapeplanning景观规划49naturalresources自然资源50monolithicpavement整体路面，整体铺装51packageplants丛生植物52plants,herbaceous草本的植物53privategarden私家花园54regionalc

5、ommercial地区性商业55recycledwater循环水56区域规划分析图；districtplanninganalysedrawing57总平面图；overallplangenerallayout;siteplan;siteplan58交通组织分析图；trafficorganizationanalysedrawing59建筑平面图；architechturalplan60建筑立面图；architechturalelevationdrawing61建筑剖面图：architechturalsectiondrawing62建筑内部流线分析图；architechruralinteriorfl

6、ownlineanalysedrawing63鸟瞰图aerialview65流线图circulationdrawing；streamlinechart66透视图:rendering67外观及主要功能区的透视图outlookingandkeyfunctionaldistrictsscenograph68正立面透视图thescenographofverticalplane目录DESIGNBASIS设计依据DESIGNSTAGE设计阶段CLIMATECONDITION气象条件GENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)F

7、LOOR&TRENCH地面及地沟DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASE、LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语【BricksandTiles砖和瓦】【Lime,SandandStone灰、砂和石】【Cement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【FacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石

8、棉】【Timber木材】【MetallicMaterials金属材料】【Non-FerrousMetal有色金属】【Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料】【BuildingHardware建筑五金】【Paint油漆】k.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语【Discipline专业】【ConventionalTerms一般通用名词】【ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理】【NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称】【Drafting制图】DESIGNBASIS设计依据计划建议书planningproposals设计任务书desi

9、gnorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignSTAGEOFDESIGN设计阶段方案scheme,draft草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计det

10、aildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图asbuiltdrawingCLIMATECONDITION气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity风荷载windload最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量

11、annualrainfall湿球温度wetbulbtemperature干球温度drybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingprovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure相对湿度relativehumidityGENERALROOMNAME常用房间名称办公室office服务用房serviceroom换班室shift

12、room休息室restroom(breakroom)起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库garage清洁间cleaningroom会议室（正式）conferenceroom会议室meetingroom衣柜间wardrobe暖风间H.V.A.Croom饭店restaurant餐厅canteen,diningroom厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处rece

13、ptionarea会计室accountantroom秘书室secretaryroom电气室electricalroom控制室controlroom工长室foremanoffice开关柜室switchgear前室antecabinet（Ante.）生产区productionarea马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratoryroom经理室managerroom披屋（阁楼）penthouse警卫室guardhouseROOFINGANDCEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-s

14、hed二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐沟eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchmentarea泛水flashing内排水interiordrainage外排水exteriordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平层levelingcourse卷材屋面built-uproofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roof

15、ingboard天花板ceilingboard防水层water-proofcourse检查孔inspectionhole人孔manhole吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling檐板(窗帘盒)corniceWALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙renderedwall石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwall承重墙bearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙longitudinalwal

16、l横墙transversewall外墙external(exterior)wall内墙internal(interior)wall填充墙fillerwall防火墙firewall窗间墙wallbetweenwindow空心墙cavitywall压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层damp-proofcourse(D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansionjoint沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteel

17、plate外墙板claddingpanel复合板compositepanel轻质隔断light-weightpartition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brickchimney勒脚(基座)plinthFLOORANDTRENCH地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素土夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbackfill垫层beddingcourse,blinding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层nea

18、tcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸

19、地面acid-resistantfloor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2坡floorwith2%slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppit孔翻边holeupstand电缆沟cabletrenchDOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden(st

20、eel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoor卷帘门rollershutterdoor弹簧门swingdoor推拉门slidingdoor平开门side-hungdoor折叠门foldingdoor旋转门revolvingdoor玻璃门glazeddoor密闭门air-Tightdoor保温门thermalinsulatingdoor镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火门firedoor(大门上的)小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞s

21、tructuralopening单扇门singledoor双扇门doubledoor疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门槛doorsill门过梁doorlintel上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樘侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平开窗si

22、de-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇casementsash窗台windowsill窗台板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条covermould

23、窗帘盒curtainbox合页(铰链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floorcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸热玻璃heat

24、absorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass着色玻璃pigmentedglass玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE,LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)吊车梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipin

25、sert(strips)栏杆railing(balustrade)平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)平台landing(platform)操作平台operatingplatform装卸平台platformforloading&unloading楼梯平台stairlanding客梯passengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯hydrauliclift自动扶梯

26、escalator观光电梯observationelevator电梯机房liftmortarroom电梯坑liftpit电梯井道liftshaftj.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES建筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心砖hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖clinkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridge

27、tile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉whitemarble花岗岩granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand细砂finesandCement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥

28、silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆limemortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆)cement-limemortar保温砂浆thermalmortar防水砂浆water-proofmortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistantmortar沥青砂浆bituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土

29、reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete炉渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斩假石artificialstone刷浆limewash可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂浆cementmo

30、rtarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphaltfelt沥青填料asphaltfiller沥青胶泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbestosfiberTimber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材pl

31、ank木条batten板条lath木板board红松redpine白松whitepine落叶松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨whitepoplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminatedplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMet

32、allicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢steelbBar方钢squaresteel扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel型钢steelsection(shape)槽钢channel角钢anglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI-beam丁(之)字钢T-bar(Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金

33、钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈钢stainlesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate低碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending钢管steelpipe(tube)无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteels

34、heet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孔金属网expandedmetal锰钢managanesesteel高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteelNon-FerrousMetal有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC(polyvinylchloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyre

35、ne丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester橡胶内衬rubberlining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumenpaint环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaint耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint耐碱漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilicate树脂砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树脂epoxyresinBuildingHardware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板钉annu

36、lar-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-headscrew螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高强螺栓highstrengthbolt预埋螺栓insertbolt胀锚螺栓cinchbolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti-corrosionpaint调和漆mixedpaint无光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphaltpaint桐油tu

37、ngoil,Chinesewoodoil红丹redlead铅油leadoil腻子puttyk.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS其它建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)电力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heatpowersupply动力mechanicalp

38、ower工艺processtechnology管道pipingConventionalTerms一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architecturalstyle民用建筑civilarchitecture城市建筑urbanarchitecture农村建筑ruralarchitecture农业建筑farmbuilding工业建筑industrialbuilding重工业的heavyindustrial轻工业的lightindustrial古代建筑ancientarchitecture现代建筑modernarchitecture标准化建筑standardizedbuild

39、ings附属建筑auxiliarybuildings城市规划cityplanning厂区内withinsite厂区外offsite封闭式closedtype开敞式opentype半开敞式semi-opentype模数制modularsystem单位造价unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic,quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dus

40、t-proof防锈rust-proof车流量trafficvolume货流量freighttrafficvolume人流量pedestrianvolume透视图perspectivedrawing建筑模型buildingmodelArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光naturallighting光强lightintensity侧光sidelight顶光toplight眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导condu

41、ction遮阳sun-shade保温thermalinsulation恒温constanttemperature恒湿constanthumidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音soundabsorption露点dewpoint隔汽vapor-proofNameOfProfessionalrole职务名称项目经理projectmanager(PM)设计经理designmanager首席建筑师principalarchitect总工程师chiefengineer土木工程师civilengineer工艺工程师processengineer电气工程师electricalengineer

42、机械工程师mechanicalengineer计划工程师planningengineer助理工程师assistantengineer实习生probationer专家specialist,expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting制图总说明generalspecification工程说明projectspecification采用标准规范目录listofstandardsandspecificationadopted图纸目录listofdrawings平面图plan局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale平面示意图schematicplanof

43、.平剖面图sectionalplanof.留孔平面图planofprovisionofholes剖面section纵剖面longitudinalsection横剖面cross(transverse)section立面elevation正立面frontelevation透视图perspectivedrawing侧立面sideelevation背立面backelevation详图detaildrawings典型节点typicaldetail节点号detailNo.首页frontpage图纸目录及说明listofcontentsanddescription图例legend示意图diagram草图sk

44、etch荷载简图loaddiagram流程示意图flowdiagram标准图standarddrawing布置图layoutof.地形图topographicalmap土方工程图earth-workdrawing展开图developeddrawing模板图formworkdrawing配筋arrangementofreinforcement表格tables工程进度表workingschedule技术经济指标technicalandeconomicalindex建、构筑物一览表listofbuildingsandstructures编号coding序列号serialNo.行和栏rowsandco

45、lumns备注remarks等级grade直线straightLine曲线curves曲折线zigzagline虚线dottedline实线solidline影线hatchingline点划线dotanddashline轴线axis等高线contourLine中心线centerLine双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangentLine尺寸线dimensionLine园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram三角形triangle五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoi

46、d圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse,oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/squaremeter千克/立方米kilogram/cubicmeter英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸averagedimension变尺寸variabledimension外形尺寸overalldimension展开尺寸developeddimension内径insidediameter外径outsidediameter净重netweight毛重grossweight数量quantity百分比percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距cleardistance净跨clearspan截面尺寸sectionaldimension开间bay进深depth单跨singlespan双跨doublespan多跨multi-span标高elevation,level绝对标高absoluteelevation设计标高designedelevation室外