八年级下知识精讲精练（综合）10

1、（英语提高培训）中考综合复习八年级下知识点精讲精练（10）中考语法精析 反意疑问句 反意疑问句是对陈述句所叙述的事实提出看法，问对方同不同意。结构:陈述句+简短问句。原则：前肯定，后否；前否；后肯（一般来说，简短问句主语人称的数、动词时态应和陈述部分的主语人称的数、动词时态相一致。） Eg. Mary likes reading,_ she?玛丽喜欢读书，是吧?(前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分用否定形式) Mary doesnt like reading, _ she?玛丽不喜欢读书，是吧?(前一部分为否定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式) You re a new student, _you?你是新

2、来的学生，对吧?(前一部分为肯定形式，后一部分就用肯定形式) You arent a new student, _ you? 你不是新来的学生， 对吧?(前一部分为否定形式后一部分就用肯定形式) She can swim, _ _?The girls cant see the lost boy, _ _? My parents couldnt help me do my homework, _ _?He put his shoes on and went out, _ _?Jim read this story just now, _ _?We have been reading Englis

3、h for a long time, _ _?Ann has never been watching TV today, _ _?Jim went to visit his grandpa last Sunday, _? A. did Jim B. didnt Jim C. did he D. didnt he (2010)Alice had a wonderful time yesterday,_? A. hadnt she B. wasnt she C. didnt she D. wouldnt she (2010.)They came here to have a meeting ,_

4、? A. didnt they B. did they C. dont they D. do they特殊的反意疑问句 1)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用arent IIm as tall as your sister, _ _? 2)陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。 Peter said nothing, _ _? They are never late for school，_ _? She said no to us, _ _?Nobody likes thes

5、e books, _ _?There are few good things in the shop, _ _?He has little milk in the glass, _ _?Ann and Jim can hardly speak Chinese, _ _? The young man has few fiends here,_? A. does he B. doesnt he C. is he D. isnt he3)陈述部分有had better+ v，疑问句部分用 hadnt.? Youd better go and watch the soccer game tonight

6、, _ _? 4)陈述部分有Youd like to+二疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me，_ you? 5)感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。 What colors，arent they? What a smell，isnt it? 6)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, nothing, something ,this ,that,疑问部分主语用it Everything is ready, isnt _ ? Nothing can stop us, _ _? 7) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody，anyone,

7、 somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用笋数heEveryone knows the answer, _ _?(does he?)， Nobody knows about it，_ _?(does he?) 9)祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you?Dont do that again，_ _? Go with me，_ _? / wont you? 注意:Lets开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us开头的祈使句，后用will you? Lets go and listen to the music, _ _?Let us

8、 wait for you in the reading-room, _ _? Lets play tennis, _ ? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. arent you 10)陈述部分是“there be”结构的，疑问部 守用there省 略主语代词。 There is something wrong with your watch，_ _? There will not be any trouble，_ _?There was an important meeting yesterday, _ _?There werent any boys

9、 and girls ten minutes ago, _ _?11)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible,_it? He dislikes English, _ _?We are unhappy, _ _?This is an unusual day for everyone, _ _?They disagreed with us, _ _?12) I/We think +宾语从句，应该根据宾语从句进行反义疑问： I think she can swim, _ _? We think those boys often play computer

10、 games, _ _? I think Kate has some good Chinese friends, _ _? We think theres a little bird singing in the tree now, _ _?语法专练 将下列句子改为反义疑问句1. She is a schoolgirl, _ _? 2. It looks like rain, _ _?3. She can hardly hear you, _ _?4. I dont think he will get there on time, _ _?5. This is a beautiful pict

11、ure, _ _?6. The students had a traffic accident yesterday, _ _?7. Tom has a new watch, _ _?8. There is little water in the bottle, _ _?9. Lets clean our bedroom, _ _?10. He hardly knows me, _ _?11. Janes never been to Tokyo, _ _?12. I am right, _ _?13.lily is impolite, _ _?14. Please open your book,

12、 _ _?15. Let us start to swim, _ _?16. He d like a cup of coffee, _ _?17. Everything is OK, _ _?18. Nobody has been there, _ _?19. There is a pen in the pencil-box, _ _?20. Nothing is wrong with the watch, _ _?21. He came here last year,_ _?22. Tm your new English teacher, arent I ?23. Let us go, _

13、_ ?24. Give me a hand, _ _?25. Anyone can go to the party, _ _?26.They wont be ready until next year, _ _?27. Lets go camping, _ _?28. You havent found out who did it. _ _ ?知识点精讲精练1._noon在中午之前 = in the middle of the day We usually have a rest _ noon. A. at B. in on D. /2. look _ 浏览 Will you _your pa

14、per to see if there are any mistakes before you hand it in? A. look after B. look through C. look up D. look around3. (1) feel like+名词，意为“觉得好像”。 It feels like rain soon.好像马上就要下雨了。 (2) feel like + doing;意为“想做” = want to do sth =would like to do sth. I dont feel like _(eat) anything now.我现在什么都不想吃。He w

15、ants to watch TV tonight.= He_ _ watch TV tonight.= He feels _ _TV tonight.4._ least至少 ; at most 至多-Whats the price of the car? _ (至少)100，000 yuan.5. (1)cross是动词=walk/go across 表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。 The old man is _(across) the road.这位老人正在过马路。 Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。= Be careful when y

16、ou _ _the street.( 2 ) across是介词，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其 含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词(如: walk , run . fly, jump等)连用。 Go _ the bridge, and you H find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 The little girl ran _ the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。 Its dangerous for the kids to go _ (cross) the busy street.The Great Wal

17、l of China, the longest wall in the world, runs_north China like a huge dragon. A. cross B. across C.to cross D. crossing( 3 ) through是 介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端， 但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、 森林、窗户等。 The river runs_ the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。 Can you see it_ this window?你能透过这窗户看到它吗? Look! Those children are walkin

18、g _ the park.On a cold morning, they walked quickly _ the forest(森林)。6.(1)此处sure是副词，意为“的确，一定”。 It sure was a cola day.的确是个冷天。 (2)口语中可以单独使用，表示“同意”。 -Are you going?你去吗? Sure.当然啦。 (3)sure还常用作表语。其用法如下: be sure of表示“对有把握，肯定”。 be sure that从句表示“确定，确信”。 Im sure that he will come.我确信他能来。Can I try it on? -Im

19、_you can. A. sure B. certainly C. make sure D. surely be sure to do sth. /be sure of doing sth 表示“一定，肯定做某 ” Im sure that he will come.= He is _ _ come.他一定会来。 He is sure _ he will succeed. A. of B. to C. that D. what7. Thank you so much for inviting (=asking)me.非常感谢你 邀请我。 = Thank you so much for your

20、 _. 另外， Thanks for helping me. = Thanks for _ _. (1)这是对别人提出邀请的礼貌答语。Thanks for后接名词或动名词形式，用for引起要表示致谢的原因，表示 “因为而感谢你”。表示感谢简单最常用的方式是 Thank you或Thanks(这是更随便的说法)Eg.Thank you for_( tell)me.谢谢你告诉我。 Thank you for a delicious lunch.谢谢你的美味午餐。 Thank you for _(give) me so much help.谢谢你给了我如 此多的帮助。 . Thanks for yo

21、ur help. -_. A. No, thanks B. Let me see C. It doesnt matterD. Thats OK (2) invite作及物动词，后常跟“人”，也常与to连用，表 示“邀请某人去”。 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做什么；invite sb to +场所 邀请某人去参加什么Eg. Mr Brown often invites us _( watch) his English classes.She invited us_her party.她邀请我们参加她的 聚会。如果你当面邀请人，不可用invite;需用would you lik

22、e 来表达。Eg. a)-Would you like to come to the party?你们愿意来参加聚会吗? -Yes, Id love to. But I have much homework tonight. b) -Would you like some coffee? Yes, please./ No, thanks. c) Would you like _?Yes, please.A. something to drink B. anything to drink C. drink something D. drink anything8. (1)both表示“(两者)都

23、”，在句中常用在系/即情态动词之后，行为动词之前。both of you/us/them/the twinsEg. They both go to this school.他们俩都在这所学校 读书。 (主语同位语)=Both of them _(go/goes) to this school. (主语)We_swim. A. can both B. both canThe two girls _ students. A. both are B. are both both 的反义：neither (注意：neither作主语谓语用单数) Neither of the two students_

24、 (come) from Australia. Both of us are teachers. 否定：_ of us _ a teacher. both .and . 否定：neither.nor. I like both English and Chinese. 否定： I like _ English _Chinese. (2) both常与and连用，意为“不但、而且; 既又一”、用于连接两个并列成分。若连接两个主 语时，谓语动词须用复数形式。 both.and.; Eg. Both New York and London_ (have/has) traffic problems.纽

25、约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 (3 )get along也可写作get on，表示“相处”。sb get along well/badly with sb与某人相处的好（不好）Eg. You should try to get along_ (good) with your classmates.Do you get _ well _ your parents?你和父母相 处得好吗? She got along well with her classmates last year._ _she get along with her classmates? 南开中考能力提高训练IV. 阅读理解。（每

26、小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。（C）Zoos are places where different kinds of animals are kept and shown for the public . At most modern zoos people can see , smell and hear animals in their natural way . Here are four reasons why people need zoos .Firstly , zoos educate people

27、 about animals and their natural environment . They give interesting information about each animal , such as where it comes from and how it lives . Special teachers at the zoo help children understand more about the animals . Trained guides show visitors around the zoo .Secondly , zoos are working h

28、ard to find out more about animals . New knowledge leads to improved ways of looking after animals in the zoo , and better understanding of the same animals in the wild .Thirdly , zoos play a part in protecting animals and stopping them from disappearing . Zoos work together with each other to help

29、the animals in danger . For example , gorillas（大猩猩）from Taronga Zoo were sent to live with gorillas at the Melbourne Zoo in the hope that they would give birth to babies .Finally , zoos are important for peoples enjoyment . People enjoy getting close to animals without having to cross the plains（平原）

30、of Africa or climb the mountains of China . In the past , animal shows were common in zoos . Visitors were excited by monkeys in human clothes , and they even took rides on elephants or horses . However , today people prefer to see animals behaving naturally .So a modern zoo is a place where animals

31、 are well cared for .58.Special teachers at the zoo _ . A. show visitors around the zooB. ride elephants or horses C. look after animals in dangerD. help children know about animals59. From the passage we know _ were sent from Taronga Zoo to the Melbourne Zoo . A. horsesB. gorillasC. monkeysD. eleph

32、ants60. According to Paragraph 5 , visitors to the zoos enjoy themselves because they _ . A. can get close to animalsB. prefer to cross plains C. like climbing mountainsD. can organize animal shows61. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage ? A. Modern zoos have improved ways of

33、looking after animals . B. At modern zoos people like to see animals behaving naturally . C. Today , people still prefer to take rides on elephants or horses . D. Modern zoos educate people about animals and their natural environment .（D）I grew up in New Hampshire , a small town in South Canada , wh

34、ere in my fathers words for the seasons were “ Spring , Summer , Fairtime and Winter ! ” At that time , a week-long fair was held in the town every autumn . Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things . It was the busiest time of the year .When “ Fairtime ” came , my grandma bec

35、ame the most “ useful ” and busiest person of the family . Grandma was a kind , well-educated old lady . She was good at cooking . All her relatives liked the food she cooked . During “ fairtime ” , they would come to live in her house and have meals there . Grandma was always happy to look after th

36、em .Year after year , many people moved to big cities . There was no longer “ Fairtime ” . Grandma became very old and was gradually going blind . My parents and I moved to live with Grandma in her house . We did our best to make her day-to-day life as comfortable as possible . I was at high school then . What I often did at home was to help Grandma with the daily newspapers crossword puzzle . However , she didnt look happy . She often sat in her room for hours , without saying a word .To attract people