人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套

1、人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套Unit 1重点语法教学目标：掌握情态动词 should 的用法掌握反身代词的用法 1. 情态动词 should 的用法 ( 1 ) 情态动词 should 后接动词原形， 变为一般疑问句时将should提前，变为否定句。后面加 not 时在 shouldWe should listen to our teacher carefully in class.Should I tell him the news right now?t come late to school. We shouldn 常用于以下两种情况： ( 2 ) should 提出建议、

2、观点或看法。 You loo tired. You should lie down and rest.表示推测，意为 “该，按理应当” 。 Wait a minute. I thin he should come in a moment.2.反身代词 ( 1 )反身代词的构成反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词， 有人称和数之分。 第一、 二人称反身代词由 “形容词性物主代词 + self ( 单数)或 selves (复数)”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称单数)或selves ( 复数代词 + self () ”构成。详见下表：复数(单数-selves 人称) ourselves 我们自己mysel

3、f 我自己第一人称yourselves 你们自己第二人称 yourself你自己 himself 他自己第三人称 themselves 他/ 她/ 它她自己herself们自己它自己itself 反身代词的用法（2） 做宾语You must loo after yourself well and eep healthy.The child can dress himself.做同位语 He didn t often go shopping himself.= He himself didn t often go shopping.做主语在现代英语中， 反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它可以借

4、助 and, or, nor 等连（如，以及用于某些特殊结构词与其他名词一起构成并列主语（且位于并列主语的后部） 。等）as.asMybrother and myself went there yesterday. He was as anious as myself.s sister and himself get up at si every day. Jim 含反身代词的短语小结（ 3 ）亲自独自，单独for oneselfby oneself自学自学learn.by oneself teach oneself自言自语 say to oneself enjoy oneself 玩得开心喝

5、意吃 / oneself dress oneself穿衣服help to.随点 I am able to do it by myself.I teach myself English in my spare time.They enjoyed themselves at the party.基础巩固 Many people play with mobilephones all day instead of reading boos. 1.s too bad. Everyone be a boo lover. Readingis more That enjoyable.may B. should

6、 C. wouldA. Your uncle is very good at cooing! How didhe learn it ? He learned it by .A.Him B. himself C. her D. herself专项提升一、单句语法填空 1.We should ( learn ) to study by ourselves.2.After coming bac from the storm, she felt she was not ( she ).“You re old enough, boy. You d better do it ( you ). ” my f

7、ather said to me.near the river by s too dangerous for the young children to play4.It( they ).My brother is always strict with ( he ). 5.二、根据汉语意思完成句子你应该听你父母的话。6. You yourparents.他们不应该在走廊里跑。 7. They in the hallway.昨天他们在聚会上玩得很开心。 8. They at the party yesterday.没有人教她，她自学了英语。 9. Nobody taught her and sh

8、e English .我们应该做什么？ 10. wedo?能力提升单项填空 1.Lina and itty will go to Greenery Theme Par by net Sunday.A.they B. them C. their D. themselves s dangerous! Dogs run through soccer games at thepar. It2.A.should B. shouldn t C. need D. needn t 3.Lucily, he didn t hurt terribly yesterday,and he will be better

9、D.soon.A.he B. themselves C. himselfthey.To my surprise, he sold house at sucha low price.A.he B. him C. his D. himself. Did you mae the ite , ids?No, our uncle made it for us.A.yourselves B. yourself C. themselves.As middle school students, we beafraid of difficulties if we wantto mae our dreams co

10、me true.A.must B. shouldn t C. need.Peter doesn t feel sure of in his newschool.A.he B. him C. his D. himself答案：基础巩固 1-2 BB专项提升 1.learn 2. herself 3.yourself 4.themselves 5.himself 6.should listen9.t run 8. enjoyed themselves/ had fun learned; by herselfto 7. shouldn10. What should能力提升 1-5 DBCCA 6-7

11、 BD重点语法Unit 2教学目标：掌握不定式几种重要用法.1.动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to +动词原形”（有时可不加t。）。在句中除了不能充当谓语 外，其他成分都可以充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、 定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处主要讲做宾语补 足语和状语的用法。（1 ）做宾语补足语。to do和 动词不定式做宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示 宾语是什么或怎么样。有to be两种形式。Thedoctor advised him to tae a good rest.I find English to be very easy.注意： 在 as, tell, encourage, get

12、, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach等动的不定式做宾语补足语。to词或短语之后，常接带We ased him to sing a pop song at the party.我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。动词不定式做 宾语补足语时，不定式符号to在使役动词（have, mae, let )、感官动等词 (feel, hear, watch, see, notice )的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态不 能省略。to时，不定式符号 The boss made the worers wor over ten hours a day in th

13、e past.=The worers were made to wor over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.可省略也可不省略。动词 help接不定式做宾语补 足语时，不定式符号toHe often comes to help us ( to ) do some farm wor.拓展。listen to, loo atto后做宾语补足语时，常省 略动词不定式在我听到他唱歌。I listened to him sing.等词组后做宾语时，省略 to。had better动词不定 式在 You d better go home at once.

14、(2 )做状语表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可 放在句子的末尾。但在句中前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时，一般不用 逗号隔开。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.We set out at five in the morning to get there on time.表结果：不定式做结果状语，一般位于句子末尾。I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.2.动词短语动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而成的短语，如 clean up, give ou

15、t, cheer up,等。 put off, set up, thin up, tae after, fi up, giveaway, put up, hand out 动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式： ( 1 ) 动词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , come from,get to , get on, get off, hear of, noc at / on, laughat, loo at, loo after,loo for, listen to, wait for, tae after

16、等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词， 都要放在介词之后。 I am looing for my pen. I have been looing for it for two hours.( 2 ) 动词 + 副词这类动词短语主要有： find out, get bac, give out, loo up, put on, put up, putoff, pass on, turn on / off, tae out, write down, wae up, wor out, put away,thin up等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词之前，也可放在副

17、词之后；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词之前。 Please pic up the pen. = Please pic the pen up.Can you pic it up?( 3 ) 动词 + 名词 + 介词 to, tae care of,这类动词短语有： have a loo at, mae friends with, pay attention等。 loo forward to注意：在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.( 4 ) 动词 + 形容词 + 介词这类动词短语主要有：be

18、 angry with, be busy with, be good / bad for, be differentfrom, be late for, be interested in, be famous for , be good at 等。 t be angry with him. He is only a child.Don 基础巩固 1.These people dress themselves in bloody shar suits. They tell people shar fins in order to protect shars.eat B. to eat C. no

19、t eat D. not to eatA.s home up the old and loo afterAlan often goes to the old people 2.them.to cheerA.tB. cheerC. cheers3.No one can be right all the time. When people mae mistaes, we shouldn them.wait for B. send for C. noc at D. laugh at A.t put your things here. . Alice, don 4. O, I will.Put awa

20、y them B. Put on them C. Put them away D. Put them on A.m visiting itagain.Yunnan is beautiful and I5. eeping clear of A.suffering from B.looing forward to C.running away fromD. Hainan its blue sy and fresh air.6.here.s why more and more visitors Thatis. So it holidays spend theiris wea in B. is fam

21、ous for C. is use toA.专项提升单句语法填空 1.He wants ( put )up some signs asing for old toys.Maria plans ( be ) a teacher becauseshe loves children.I want to learn more about how ( care )for animals.They will get together ( discuss ) thisquestion.We need to mae more young people ( learn ) shadow puppet (木偶)

22、plays so that it won t disappear in China.That is the only way we can imagine ( reduce ) the waste of water in the bathroom.Last year, she decided ( try ) out for avolunteer after -school reading program.Would you lie ( go ) and have a picnicwith us tomorrow? 8.She hopes ( be ) avolunteer during thi

23、s summer vacation. 9.Please promise ( not tell ) lies any more, willyou?10. 能力提升单项填空 1.The girl was made her brothers clothes. to wash B. wash C. washingA.evening. esterday got home ywhen with 2.My sister my parents dumplings Iare maingB. is maing C. was maing D. were maing A. Who your pet dogs whil

24、e you wereout for a holiday? 3. My neighbor, awarm -hearted woman. put on B. looed after C. gave up D. turned offA.Our teacher a booshelf at the bac ofour classroom to mae a small 4.reading corner. piced up B. put up C. too up D. got up A.be seen clearly. dar It went out 5.The light suddenly. was ve

25、ry and couldanything B. something C. nothing D. everythingA. How do you lie this speech? I lie it very much and it can me to achieve my dream.A.cheer; up B. connect; with C. let; down D. tae; up7.On my way home, I saw a granny (奶奶) fall down. I offered help first and then the police.A.called up B. c

26、ared for C. cheered up D. found out答案：基础巩固： 1-6 DADCCB专项提升： 1. to put 2. to be 3. to care 4. to discuss 5. learn 6.to reduceto try 8. to go 9. to be 10. not to tell 1-5 ACBBC 6-7 AA能力提升： Unit 3 重点语法教学目标：掌握 Could you please.? 句型的用法句型Could you please.?请求别人帮忙做某事时通常用此句型，也可以说：( 1 )情 Can you .please?态动词 c

27、ould 或 can 在这里均表示请求， 在意思上无区别， 但是用 could 比 can 在语若在句末加气上更显得委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用Could you / I.?，则显得更礼貌。上 pleaseCould you please help me find my boo, please?你能帮我找到我的书吗？ ( 2 ) 对 Could you / I.?的问句做出肯定回答，常用“ Sure/Certainly/Ofcourse. ” t.” 一般不用 noSorry./ Oh, please don 等；如果做否定回答，常用“开头，用显得语气生硬、不礼貌。 noCould y

28、ou give me a bottle oforange juice, please?Sure. Here you are. Could you carry the bo for me? Sorry, I can t. I m busy now.( 3 )表示请求的其他句式： Would you please lie to do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?Let s do sth.Shall I / we do sth.?Please do sth.典型例题基础巩固 1. Hi, Jac! Could you cometo our English party

29、? Sorry, I . I have to loo after my little sister at home.A.must B. could C. can t Jeff, could you tell me how to order a taithrough “ Didi t matter re welcome B. Sure C. Tae it easy D.It doesnYouA. Could I borrow your bie please? .t matterOf course you can B. It doesn A.d love toD. No, than youC.Ye

30、s, I m going to coo dinner? Could you please sweep the floor? I4.ll do itat once, Mom. . I Could I use your pencilfor a moment, please? 5. .t matterSureB. Really C. Right D. It doesn A.专项提升填空 have to 与 用 cant , could, must you lend me some money? 6. Sure. How much do you need?7.you please clean the

31、living room- Sorry, I. I do my homewor now.Li Yundi play the piano very well thenhe was 7 years old. Could I go out for dinner 、 ， you doyour homewor. No10. What about seeing a new film this evening? I am afraid I . I finish my math eercises this evening.答案： 1-5 CBADA6. Could 7. Could; can t; have t

32、o/ must 8.could 9. have to / must 10.t; have to/ mustcan Unit 4 重点语法教学目标： 掌握表达建议的常考句型。 掌握连词 until, so that 及 although 引导的状语从句的用法 1. 提建议的常用表达( 1 )常用表达 Why don t you do sth.? 相当于 Why not do sth.? 意为“你为什么不做某事呢？” 。 Why don t you tal to your parents? = Why not tal to your parents?What/ How about ( doing

33、) sth.? 意为“ (做)某 事怎么样 / 好吗？” 。 What/ How about having dinner with me?。Let s do sth.意为“咱们做某事吧Let s mae a birthday cardfor her. You should ( not ) do sth.。意为“你(不)应 该做某事 You should ( not ) do more eercise.。意为“你最好(不)做某事 d better ( not ) do sth.You.You d better ( not ) go out. Would you lie sth. / to do

34、sth.? 意为“你想要 某物/ 做某事吗”。Would you lie to have a try? o意为“你可以做某事 You could do sth.You could write to her.(2 )常用答语 Good idea! / That s a good idea! O. 肯定回答 Please./ / Yes. All right. / Great. /d love to.I No problem./ Sounds good/ great./ Iagree with you.否定回答 I don t thin so.I d love/ lie to, but I hav

35、e to.That sounds boring I m afraidSorry, I can t./ Sorry, but.2.连词until, so that及although弓I导的状语从句的 用法（1 ） not. until”。单独使用时，until和until 意为直到till通常可以互换使用，但要注意的 是till 一般只用于句中，而until即可以放在句首， 也可以放在旬末。 The noise of the street didn t stop until midnight.He lived with his parents until/ till he graduated f

36、rom college.注意：当主句的动词为非延续性动词时，要用 notuntil结构；当主句的动词为。或延续性动词 时，可用tilluntil弓I导的目的或结果状语从句（2 ） so thatso that意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句时，一 般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开。can, will, 目的状语从句表示动机（即一种可能性），而非事 实。因此，从句中常含有 could, would, should 等 情态动词。He too a tai so that he could get there earlier.so that意为“以致于；结果”，引导结果状语从句， 陈述的是客观事实，常常不

37、带情态动词。I studiedEnglish hard so that I passed the English eam.（3 ） although conj.虽然做连词时，although 和 though 通常可以相互转换。 Although/ though she smiled, she was angry. although 常放在从句的开头，当用连接词语或短语时， though 更为常用且位置灵活， 不仅局限在开头。尽管穷一些但更有头脑Wiser though poorer以下情况只用though。a.与even连用时用though 表示强调， 这里的 even though = e

38、ven if ， 意为 “即 使也”。though ）而不用 although。b.当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用 Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的观点。c.Though 可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为“还是，仍然，可是，然而” .s hard wor. I enjoy it, though.It 引导的让步状语从句则不能。 although though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而 Bravely though they fought

39、, they had no chance of winning.注意： although 和 though 在句中不能与but 连用，但可与副词 yet 连用。即句中用了 although 或 though 就不能再使用 but 了。 Although it was socold, he went out without an overcoat.基础练习 invite Tom and Sally to theparty tonight?Good idea. I ll give them a call right now.A.Why B. Why not C. What about We can

40、 invite Nic and Nora to ShanghaiDisneyland with us. ? I ll give them a call right now. A.Why not B. What for C. Why D. WhatThe group had to wait after 12 to checin at the hotel.A.from B. until C. for D. atThe little boy is saving every coin hecan buy his mother a presenton Mother s Day.A.even if B.

41、so that C. as soon as“ A white elephant ” means something that is useless, it may costa lot of money.unless B. until C. since D. although A. Did you win the game yesterday? Not really. we all tried our best,we lost it.If B. Though C. UnlessA.专项提升用适当的连词填空1.theymay not succeed, they will try their bes

42、t.He will come here right away he hearsthe news.Tom new nothing about it his sistertold him.The teacher speas very loudly all thestudents can hear her.We can easily become unhappy wewor out our problems in our daily life.能力提升 1. What a fine day! Let s go fishing. When shall we go?A.Very well B. Good

43、 idea C. Well done D. My pleasure.How do you lie your new school, ate?It is very clean and beautiful it is a bit small.A.if B. since C. unless D. although3.I didn t accept his help I wanted to tryit myself.A.because B. though C. until D. unless4.I looed through my test paper again and again I wouldn

44、 t mae anymistaes.so B. because C. so thatA.答案：基础练习1-6 BABBDB专项提升 Although/ though 2. as soon as 3. until 4. so that 5. unless 1.能力提升 1-4 BDAC重点语法Unit 5教学目标：掌握过去进行时的用法及跟一般过去时 的区别用法及区别 while掌握when和过去进行时 1.过去进行时的用法。（1 ）were过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，由“ was /现在分词”构成。+现以动词wor为例，其肯定式、否定式和疑问句 式见下表：肯定式

45、否定式 She was /I / He / It was not woring.I/He woring.We / You / They were not woring.We/ You/ They were woring.疑问式和简略回答Was I woring? Were youworing? Was he/ she/it woring?Yes, I was. Yes, you were.Yes, he/ she/ it was. tNo, I wasnNo, you were not. itNo, he/ she/ wasn t.Were we/ you/ they woring?Yes,

46、you/we/ they were.No, you/ we/ they weren t.表示过去进行时的时间状语有： at that time, thistime yesterday, at ten yesterday以及 when, while 引导的时间状语从句。 evening,from eight to twelve yesterdayIt was raining at 6 o cloc this morning.What were you doing this time last night?He was sleeping when the UFO arrived.( 2 ) 与一般

47、过去时的区别。 表示已完成的动作用一般过去时，未完成的动作则可用过去进行时。 Iwrote a letter this morning.I was writing a letter this morning.一般过去时侧重于叙述事实， 过去进行时则侧重于动作的持续性，从而更具描绘性。 It snowed lastnight. It s all white outside now.It was snowing last night, so it was very cold.两个动作同时发生时， 较短的动作可用一般过去时，而较长时间的动作可以用过去进行时表示。 Mom was taling wit

48、h Sue s teacher when Sue entered the room.When 与 while 的区别 When 和 while 都可以引导时间状语从句，表示“当 时候” ，但是二者之间又有区别。 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词， 1 ) when(从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。而whileI waswatching TV when you called me.It began to rain while we were waling in the par.强调主句 while( 2 ) when 说明从句动作和主句动作可同时发生，也可先后发生。

49、而动作在从句动作发生的过程中同时发生。 When the pot fell to pieces, the girl began to realie that she was not alone.( 3 ) when 或 while 引导的时间状语从句可以相互改写，但 while 引导的句子常用进行时态。 When they came in, the girl was dancing.= While the girl was dancing, they came in.( 4 ) while 还可以做并列连词，意为“而，却” ，表示“对比关系” ，有轻微的转折之意。 She is very ou

50、tgoing, while her sister is a little shy.基础巩固 1.My mother dinner when I gothome yesterday.A.has cooed B. was cooing C. will coo D. coos.The engineers a new computer in ourclassroom the whole yesterdaymorning, so we had our classes in the school hall. A.were fiing B. fied C. have fied D. are fiing.I

51、got home, my sister was doing herhomewor.When B. Because C. If D. Though A.专项提升一、用 when 或 while 填空 1.Icame in, she was writing a letter.I was sleeping, a thief went into myhouse.He was singing I was writing.I got to Beijing, I called up Lily first.They were singing we were dancing.二、单句语法填空 6.We ( do

52、 ) ourhomewor at 840 last Sunday.She ( read ) at that time.They ( watch ) TV from 8 to 10 lastnight.When my father came in, I ( sing ).you ( read ) the newspaperwhen the phone rang?能力提升一、单项填空 1. Where were youwhen I called? I on the bed.A.lied B. was lying C. lay D. was lieing2.Steve TV in the livin

53、g room when hismother came in.A.was watching B. watches C. is watching 3.He newspaper when the earthquaehappened in Japan.A.was looing throughB.looed throughC.had looed through4. Could you tell me where you found MissGao just now? Certainly. In the principals office. Theyhappily at that time.A.are t

54、aling B. have taled C. were taling5.I was writing a letter she was maing atelephone call.A.while B. when C. before二、根据汉语意思完成句子。 6. 上星期六上午9点我在做作业。 I at nine o cloc last Saturday morning. 当托尼在玩电脑游戏的时候，汤姆在看杂志Tom was reading the magaine while Tony computer games.我昨天晚上回时，妈妈正在厨房做饭。 WhenI came bac yesterda

55、y evening, my mother.他们过几天就动身去伦敦了。 They London a few days later. 那时她没在看电视。 She at that moment.答案：基础巩固 1-3 BAA专项提升 1.When 2. When/ While 3. while 4.When 5. while 6. were doing 7. wasreading 8. were watching 9. was singing 10.Were; reading能力提升 1-5 BAACA6. was doing my homewor 7. was playing 8.was cooi

56、ng in the itchen 9. weret watching TVleaving for 10. wasnUnit 6重点语法教学目标：掌握 as soon as, unless和sothat弓I导的状语从句掌握“如此 以至于 ” 的其他表达句型 1.as soon as, unless 和so.that引导的状语从句本单元语法重点仍然是 状语从句，主要讲述一下三种状语从句。（1 ） assoon as 一就as soon as为连词，弓I导时间状语从句。当主句是 一般将时态或祈使句，表示将的意义时，从句通常 用一般现在时，简称“主将从现 。I ll ring you up as so

57、on as I get to Beijing.拓11as soon as one can 意为 “尽快” ） 相当于 as soon as possible。We ll start as soon as we can. =We ll start as soon as possible.的用法（2 ） unlessunless意为“除非，如果不”， 相当于if not,用弓I导条件状语从句。 You ll miss the early bus unless you get up early.当描述将发生的事情时，unless引导的条件状语从 句中主句通常用将时，从句用一般现在时表示将。We wo

58、n t go to the cinema tomorrow unless my mother does.注意： unless 通常可与if.not 结构进行转换。 ll gothere if it doesn t rain.I ll go there unless it rains. = I( 3 ) so.that.结构意为 “如此 以至于 ”， so.that.that 引导结果状语从句， 其句型为： 从句。 在此句型中， so 后 面用形容词还是主语+ 谓语 + so + 形容词/ 副词+ that 副词，取决于主句的谓语动词是连系动词还 是实义动词。 He was so angry t

59、hat he couldn t say a word.She wored so hard that she passed the eam.当 that 引导的结果状语从句是肯定句时，so.that.可以与 be.enough to do进或too.to.so .that. 可与行转换；当 that 引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，进行转换。 benot .enough to doThe boy is so clever that he answer the question easily.= The boy is clever enough to answer the question easi

60、ly.t loo after herself. The girl is so young that she can= The girl is too young to loo after herself.t old enough to loo after herself. = The girl isn 拓展”的其他常见表达方式： “如此 以至于单 = such + a/ an +形容词 + ( 1 ) so +形容词 + a/ an +单数名词 + that从句从句。 + that 数名词 It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went our