【60套练习】南京玄武外国语中学中考英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编(及答案)

1、2020-2021中考英语英语阅读理解训练经典题目（附答案）一、英语阅读理解.阅读短文，从下面每小题的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Once upon a time, a proud (骄傲的)Swallow lived in a large tree. He liked his colorful feathers (羽毛)and his long tail so much that he believed nothing could be better than them. One day he saw a Crow and thought. How silly this bird

2、 is! All his feathers are black. He looked at himself lovingly and enjoyed his own feathers.Just then, the crow flew and sat on the same branch as the Swallow. The Swallow said, All your feathers are black and your tail is so short. The Crow smiled and said. But they help me fly. The Swallow said. S

3、o do mine. But look at how beautiful they are! He spread (展开)his wings and flew a little closer to the Crow. The Crow saw that the Swallow had lots of blue feathers and some white and pink ones, too. He looked at his own feathers and thought, Its true. The Swallows feathers are much prettier than mi

4、ne.The Crow said, Swallow, youre right. You have lovely feathers and a long tail, but only in summer. Your little feathers cannot keep you warm in winters at all. While you shiver ( 颤抖)in the cold, my thick feathers keep me warm in the cold winters.The Swallow was proud of his.A. flying skillsB. str

5、ong bodyC. beautiful voiceD. feathers and tailWhen the Swallow said the Crows feathers and tail werent beautiful, the Crow.A. became angrynB. smiled and explainedC. flew away quicklyD. became worried and sadThe Crow thought the Swallows feathers.A. were really colourfulB. looked silly and uglyC. wer

6、e as beautiful as his ownnD. were not long enoughWhat does the underlined sentence mean?A. My feathers are black, too.nB. My tail is as long as yours.C. My feathers and tail help me fly, too.“D. My feathers and tail are colourful, too. What does the story want to tell us?Birds of a feather flock (聚集

7、)together.Dont be proud of something thats of little use.Find out our own problems and solve them quickly.Dont make friends with people who are too proud.【答案】(1) DBAC B【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，一只骄傲的燕子住在一棵大树上。他非常喜欢他的彩色 羽毛(羽毛)和他的长尾巴，以至于他相信没有什么比它们更好的了。有一天，他看见一只 乌鸦，他看不起乌鸦，认为乌鸦傻，但是乌鸦却不这么认为，他说他的羽毛可以帮着取暖， 但是燕子额羽毛去不

8、能。 TOC o 1-5 h z (1)细节理解题，根据 He liked his colorful feathers (羽毛)and his long tail 可知燕子为他 的羽毛和尾巴而骄傲，故答案是D。(2)细节理解题，根据 The Crow smiled and said. But they help me fly. 可知，当燕子嘲 笑乌鸦的时候，乌鸦微笑着解释，故答案是B。(3)细节理解题，根据 Its true. The Swallows feathers are much prettier than mine. 可知， 乌鸦认为燕子的羽毛比自己的漂亮，真的好看，故答案是Ao(4

9、)句意猜测题，根据 But they help me fly. The Swallow said. So do mine. 可知，划线 句子的意思是：我的羽毛和尾巴也能帮我飞翔，故答案是Co(5)主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，乌鸦的羽毛尽管不漂亮但是可以保暖，而燕子的羽毛虽然漂亮但是不保暖，所以不要为一点点有用的东西而感到骄傲，故答案是Bo【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；句意义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2 .阅读理解Now too much C

10、O makes the Earth warmer and warmer, and brings bad effect to people. To save our Earth, a new lifestyle called low -carbon life becomes popular. Low carbon means low energy and no waste. It is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low -carbon life.To live a low -carbon life, wed better save as

11、 much energy as we can. For example, turn off the lights and TV when you dont use them, use cold water to wash clothes or dishes: take a short shower and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warm: dont do the cooking with electricity.To live a low -carbon life, we should eat less meat. Being

12、 a vegetarian can help reduce (v)one and a half ton of carbon dioxide a year, but keeping animals for food produces even more carbon dioxide than all the cars do in the world.To live a low -carbon life, we should plant more trees. Trees are very important for us. They can not only produce oxygen for

13、 us to breathe and keep the air clean. But also take in the harmful gases from the air. To protect trees we should stop people from cuing down trees and plant as many trees as we can.If we can keep them a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on.Why does low ca

14、rbon life become popular?A. Because it can protect animals.B. Because it can save the earth.C. Because It can protect trees.D. Because it can clean water.How many kinds of way of living a low -carbon life are talked about in the passageB. FourC. FiveD. SiA. ThreeWhat can we do to make carbon dioxide

15、 become less?A. We can use cold water in ourlife.NB.We can try to use less water.C. We can eat too much meat.D.We can take a bath.What does the underlined word them refer to?A. The ways to protect treesB.The ways to keep animals for foodC. The ways to live a comfortablelifehD.The ways to live a low

16、-carbon life Where can we read this passage?A. In a fashion magazine B. In a newspaper C. In a travel guide D. In a history book 【答案】(1) BABDB【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了太多的二氧化碳使地球变暖，为了拯救我们的 地球，应提倡低碳生活，本文主要介绍了几种低碳生活方式，如节约能源、少吃肉、多种树 等。(1)细节理解题，根据第一段第二行To save our Earth, a new lifestyle called low -carbon lif

17、ebecomes popular.可知低碳生活流行的原因是为了拯救地球，故选B。(2)细节理解题，根据文章的第二、第三和第四段的内容，可知是介绍了三种低碳生活方式，节约能源、少吃肉、多种树，故选 Ao(3)推理判断题， 根据第二段 To live a low -carbon life, wed better save as much energy as we can.可推断出应该节约用水，故选 B。(4)词义猜测题，根据上文的介绍， 以及最后一段中If we can keep them a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a saf

18、er planet for us to live on. 可猜测出 them 是指彳氐碳生活方式， 故 选D。(5)推理判断题，A时尚杂志；B报纸；C旅游指南；D历史书。本文主要介绍了几种低 碳生活方式，这样的文章应该出现在报纸上，故选 Bo【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要考查了细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节理解题主要是在文章中找到答案的依据；推理判断题主要是根据上下文的意思进行推理；词义猜测题根据上下句进行猜测。3 .阅读理解Most cars run on gas. Gas cars work very well. But there is a problem. Car

19、s that run on gas make the air dirty. The dirty air is not good for people, animals or trees. Gas cars make the air dirty for all living things. What can we do? We can drive electric cars!Electric cars do not use gas. These cars do not make the air dirty. These cars have batteries that power their m

20、otors（ 马达）.The batteries can be charged （充电）many times. They can be used again and again. This makes electric cars great. But electric cars have problems too. They are slower than gas cars. They are also very quiet. This means that some people cant hear them when they go by. They may not think a car

21、 is coming. So they have to be careful.People are looking for ways to make electric cars better all the time. Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world.Whats the problem of the cars that run on gas?A. They are too big.B. They are noisy.C. They are too small.D.

22、They make the air dirty.What does the underlined word they refer to(指代)?A. Gas cars.B. Some people.C. Electric cars.D. Thebatteries.Why do some people have to be careful about electric cars?A. Because they are quiet.B. Because they are fast.C. Because they are too big.hD. Because they make the air d

23、irty.The writer hopes.A. no cars will be electricB. gas cars can become betterC. all cars will be electricD. gas cars can become slower Whats the best title for the passage?A. The problems of gas carsB. People who study carsC. The problems of electric carsm D. Gas cars and electric cars【答案】(1) DBACD

24、【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍汽油车的缺点及电动车的优点。电动车不用汽油，不会污染 环境，但是它们比较慢而且不发出声音。(1)细节题， 根据Cars that run on gas make the air dirty.可知汽油车会污染环境，故选D。词句猜测题，根据 This means that some people cant hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful. 可知 they 知道上文的 some people, 故 选B。(3)细节题，根据 T

25、hey are also very quiet.和 So they have to be careful.可知电动车不发音， 因此当电动车经过时，他们必须要小心，故选 Ao推断题，根据 Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world.可推出作者希望将来全使用电动车。故选Co(5)主旨题，本文主要是讲汽油车和电动车，汽油车速度快，但是污染重，电动车虽然慢 点但对环境无污染，将来有望全部使用电动车，因此 D选项符合题意，故选 D。【点评】考查阅读理解能力。细节题，词句猜测题，推断题和主

26、旨题是阅读理解题常考题型， 细节题需要在文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推测出词句的意思；推断题需要联系上下文，推测出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4 .阅读理解When you feel sneeze(喷嚏)or cough coming on, covering your mouth prevents the spread ofgerms （细菌）.You probably know that.But how to cover your mouth is very important. You might use tissues（ 纸巾）and put

27、your used tissues into the bin. If you dont have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your hand, even if you are used to doing that. The doctors advised.If somebody sneezes into his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people, or other objects that people touch. said Dr. Hill.Ger

28、ms are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing. When they land on your hands, they are passed from hands to things like money, door knobs（ 扶手）,elevator buttons （ 电梯按钮） and other surfaces. At the same time, the people around you can touch them.This isnt nagging（唠叨）.The Centers for Disease Contr

29、ol also suggest that sneezing and coughing into your elbow is necessary. Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue.The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago. However, most people didnt pay much attention to it. That means the

30、adults may have missed the advice. But children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze. Dr. Benjamin said.To be clear, people cant keep away from all the risks in this way, but its the best choice. At the same time, wed better wear masks（ 口罩）and often wash our hands. Hand washin

31、g is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy. Dr. Hill said.According to this passage, when sneezing or coughing, youd better NOT.sneeze into your elbowcover your mouth with tissuesuse your hand to cover mouthput the used tissues in the binIf you sneeze or cough into hands, ge

32、rms can spread through the following activities EXCEPT.C.D.Which is NOT true according to the passage?The New York City subway officers ask passengers to use a tissue.The adult may be used to sneezing into their elbow.The children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze.Wearing m

33、asks is a good way to keep away from germs.Whats the main purpose of this article?To tell us the correct way to cover mouth when sneezing or coughing.To tell us how to prevent the spread of germs.To tell us its necessary to sneeze or cough into elbow.To tell us how to keep away from all risks. In wh

34、ich layout (版面)of the newspaper can we find this kind of passage?A. Health.B. SportsC. Business.【答案】(1) CDBBA【解析】D. Education.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当人们打喷嚏或者咳嗽时，如何正确地捂住 嘴，来阻止细菌的传播。人们可以用纸巾，也可以打喷嚏到你的肘关节处，而不是手里。如 果打喷嚏到手中，细菌容易传播。同时，戴口罩、勤洗手也很有必要。(1)细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文，当打喷嚏或者咳嗽的时候，你最好不要 。通读原文第二段可知：A项打喷嚏到你的肘关节里

35、；B项用纸巾捂住嘴；D项把用过的纸巾放到垃圾篓里都是正确的做法。根据第三段中的If somebody sneezesinto his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people , or other objects that people touch. 可知：打喷嚏和咳嗽时，最好不要用手去捂，因为那样做，细菌容易传播到其他人身上， 或者别人用手触摸的东西上。故选 Co(2)推理判断题。题干意为：如果你打喷嚏或者咳嗽到手里，细菌可以通过下列行为传播，除了 之外。根据第四段中的 When they land on your hands

36、, they are passed fromhands to things like money , door knobs, elevator buttons and other surfaces.可知： 钱、扶 手、电梯按钮等都是细菌传播的途径。根据最后一段中的Hand washing is one of the mostimportant things people can do to keep healthy.可知：洗手能够避免细菌传播、保持健康。故 选D。(3)推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，哪一项不正确？根据第五段中的Even the New York City subway off

37、icers ask the passengers to cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue. 可矢口 A 项说法纽约地铁官员要求乘客用纸巾 正确；根据第六段中的That means the adults may have missed the advice.可知B项说法成年人已经习惯于打喷嚏到他们的肘关节 是错误的；选项 C说法孩子们在校受教育，用正确的方式打喷嚏或者咳嗽正确；D项说法”带口罩是一种远离细菌的好办法正确。故选Bo(4)主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇短文的主要写作目的是什么？A项：告诉我们当打喷嚏和咳嗽时，正确的捂住嘴的方式；B项：告

38、诉我们如何阻止细菌的传播；C项：告诉我们很有必要打喷嚏或者咳嗽到肘关节里；D项：告诉我们怎样远离各种危险。通读原文可知：本文主要是告诉我们如何通过各种方式，来避免细菌的传播。故选 Bo(5)推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以在报纸的哪一个版面发现这种类型的文章？通读原 文可知：本文主要是告诉我们如何避免细菌传播，保持身体健康。故本文谈论的是健康话题。故选Ao【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5.根据句材料理解，选择正确答案。AStudying makes

39、 you tired? How to deal with the worries and relax yourself? Here is some advice which may add happiness to your life.Rest at weekendsWeekends are time for a rest. After a weeks hard work, weekends are the best time for you to relax yourself. Having a nice lie- in( 睡懒觉)is a good idea. Besides, good

40、sleep makes sure of your study.Cry outIf you feel sad, dont try to hide your feelings. Crying out may help reduce( 降低)your sadness. 3) Keep a diaryYou can write down all that you want to say. Thats a great way to think about and remember life. You can do it on paper or on computers.Enjoy a big mealI

41、ts not a good idea for a kid to lose weight, so you dont need to eat less food. When you feel upset, enjoy a big meal. Eating delicious food will make you feel good.Join in activitiesHaving a get- together(聚会)is great fun. Going out with friends for a trip will make you happy. And it will also bring

42、 you a good sleep.How many pieces of advice are given in the passage?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.If you feel sad, youd better.A. have a nice lie- inB. hide your feelings“C. cry outAccording to the passage,can bring you a good sleep.A. keeping a diary“B. enjoying a big meal“C. joining in activitiesWhich o

43、f the following is TRUE?Good sleep makes sure of your study.Writing a diary can hide your feelings.It is a good idea for a kid to lose weight. The passage is mainly for.A. studentsB. parentsC. teachers【答案】(1) BCCAA【解析】【分析】(1)根据文中标明的数字序号可知答案为Bo(2)根据建议2可知答案为Co(3)根据建议 5) Join in activities 中句子 And it w

44、ill also bring you a good sleep.可知答案为 C。(4)根据建议1中句子good sleep makes sure of your study.可知答案 A正确。根据建议 3和 4可知答案B和C错误。故选 Ao(5)根据第一句 Studying makes you tired?和建议 4 中句子 Its not a good idea for a kid to lose weight可知答案为Ao【点评】此题考查阅读选择。先在文章中找到和题干相关的信息，再进行判断分析。6 .阅读理解John went to spend his summer holiday in

45、China with his parents last year. They visited some famous cities like Beijing, Guangzhou, Kunming and Shanghai. In Beijing he visited the Great Wall, Tian anmen Square and the Palace Museum. They also went to the zoos and the parks. The weather was fine and cool. They had a good time in the parks.

46、They also took lots of photos there. In Guangzhou, they visited some museums. They were very interesting but kind of crowded. In Kunming the weather is never too hot in summer. They visited the Stone Forest, the Golden Temple and EXPO Garden. They climbed the Xishan Mountain. In Shanghai they went t

47、o the beach and had great fun playing in the water.Its very interesting to visit China and I learned a lot about Chinese history, John said.If I have another chance, Ill come back to China again.How many cities did John visit in China?A. Three.B. Two.C. Five.nD. Four.Where is the EXPO Garden?A. In S

48、hanghai.B. In Beijing.“C. In Guangzhou.DD. In Kunming.The underlined word They means.A. The museumsB. The peopleC. The photosD. Johns familyWhich of the following is TRUE?The Xishan Mountain is in Beijing.The weather in Kunming is too hot in summer.John played in the water in Shanghai.John had a goo

49、d time in the zoo in Guangzhou. What can we learn from the passage?A. John didnt like China.B. John wasnt interested in Chinese history.C. John didnt see any animals in China. D. John liked his trip to China very much.【答案】(1) DDACD【解析】【分析】主要讲了 John去年暑假和父母去中国度假。(1)细节题。根据 They visited some famous citi

50、es like Beijing, Guangzhou, Kunming and Shanghai.可知去了北京、广州、昆明和上海，即四个城市，故选 D。细节题。根据 In Kunming the weather is never too hot in summer. They visited the Stone Forest, the Golden Temple and EXPO Garden.可知在昆明可以参观Expo 花园，故选 D。(3)细节题。根据前句In Guangzhou, they visited some museums.可知在广州可以参观一些博物馆，所以博物馆是有趣的和拥挤的

51、，所以they代指博物馆 museums,故选A。细节题。根据 In Shanghai they went to the beach and had great fun playing in the water. 可知John在上海玩水玩得高兴，故选 Co(5)细节题。根据 If I have another chance, Ill come back to China again.如果我有另一个机 会，我将再次返回中国，所以John喜欢去中国的旅行，故选 Do【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Can dolp

52、hins (海月豕)talk? Maybe they cannot talk with words, but they can talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds. Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a school. They do not study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals ( 哺乳动物 ),not fish, but they swim together like fish

53、in a school. Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information to the others. They talk when they are happy, sad or afraid. They say welcome when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.They make some sounds above water. They make many more sounds under wa

54、ter. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them. Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium ( 水族宫).People can watch dolphins in a show. Dolphins do not like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad a

55、nd lonely. There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebodys life. Dolphins meat is good, but people do not like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.The word school in this passage means .a place for students to studya g

56、roup of fish travelling togethera special kind of animala place for training dolphinsAccording to the passage, dolphins in the school.dont tell other dolphins when they are afraidtalk when they sleepC. say sorry when a dolphin comes back D. give information to the other dolphinsWhats the best title

57、(题目)for this passage?A. Dolphins Talk B. Schools of Dolphins C. The Dolphins D. Mans Friends 【答案】(1) BD (3) C 【解析】【分析】本文讲述海豚生活方式及它们是哺乳动物。它们不能用语言交流，但是它 们可以用声音交流表达感情，它们都是一群一群在一起。(1)词义猜测题。根据 They do not study, but they travel together.可知推出它们是一群在一 起到处游动的鱼，故选 Bo(2)细节题。根据They give information to the other

58、s.它们相互向其他海豚传递信息，故选Do(3)主旨题。本文是介绍海豚的一篇文章，因此可以用海豚为标题，故选 Co【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题、词句猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案； 词句猜测题需要联系上下文， 推出出需要的词句意思； 主旨题需要通 读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。.阅读理解Hello, Im Steve. Its the night before Womens Day. Its eight oclock now. Everyone in my family is at home. My father is cleaning the house.

59、 He likes to keep things clean. My mother is washing the dishes in the kitchen. Its kind of boring, but my mother has to do it every day. My brother Nick is watching TV. There is a running race on TV . Its interesting. My sister Betty is drawing in her room. She is good at drawing all kinds of anima

60、ls. Im using my fathers computer. I want to buy a sweater for my mother on the Internet (互联网).I wish her a happy festival tomorrow.What time is it now?A. 8： 00 a. m.B. 10： 00 a. m.i C. 8:00 p. m.hD. 10： 00 p. m.Where are Steve and his family?A. At home.B. In a shop.C. In a zoo.D. In a school.Who is