长句翻译中英对照

1、1、Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, so Marx discovered the law of development of human history: the simple fact, hitherto concealed by an overgrowth of ideology, that mankind must first of all eat, drink, have shelter and clothing, before it can pursue polities, sci

2、ence, art, religion, etc.;that therefore the production of the immediate material means of subsistence and consequently the degree of economic development attained by a given people or during a given epoch form the foundation upon which the state institutions, the legal conceptions, art, and even th

3、e ideas on religion, of the people concerned have been evolved, and in the light of which they must, therefore, be explained, instead of vice versa, as had hitherto been the case.正像达尔文发现有机界的规律一样，马克思发现了人类历史的发展规律，即历来被繁茂芜杂的意识形态所掩盖着的一个简单事实：人们首先必须吃、喝、住、穿，然后才 能从事政治、科学、艺术、宗教等活动；所以，直接的物质生活资料的生产和一个民 族或一个时代的一

4、定的经济发展程度，便构成为基础，人们的国家制度，法律的概念， 艺术以至宗教概念，就是从这个基础上发展起来的，因而，也必须由这个基础来解释， 而不像过去那样做得正好相反。2、Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.行为主义者认为，

5、如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素，这些因素又有利于其适当 反应能力的发展，那么，儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。3、 How it happened that a little rocky peninsula in a remote corner of the Mediterranean was able to provide our world in less than two centuries with the complete framework for all our present day experiments in politics, literature, drama, s

6、culpture, chemistry, physics and Heaven knows what else, is a question which has puzzled a great many people for a great many centuries and to which every philosopher, at one time or another during his career, has tried to give an answer.地中海遥远角落的一个小岩石半岛，如何能够在不到两个世纪之内，为我们的世界提供我们当代政治、文学、戏剧、雕刻、化学、物理学（上

7、帝知道还有些什么）的完整框架，这个问题许多世纪以来困惑了许多人，对这个问题，每个哲学家在他学术生涯的 某个时候，都会尝试找出答案。4、Congress had made laws requiring most pressure groups to give information about how much they spend and how they spent it, the amount and sources of funds, membership, and names and salaries of their representatives.国会已制定法律，要求大部分压力集团

8、呈报他们花费了多少钱，怎样花的，款项的总 额以及来源、成员人数、代表的姓名和薪金等情况。5、The successful testing of atomic and hydrogen bombs and guided missile andthe launching and accurate recovery of man-made earth satellites are important indications of our new level in science and technology.原子弹、氢弹、导弹试验成功，人造地球卫星的发射成功和准确回收，集中标志着我 国科学技术达到的

9、新水平。6、The first elected Russian President, the man who declared what once was the world sargest nation, the Soviet Union, extinct, Boris Yeltsin resigned on December 31, 1999 after eight years in power.作为俄罗斯第一位民选总统，作为宣布世界上最大的国家一一苏联一一解体的一代巨人，叱咤俄罗斯政坛八年的叶利钦于 20世纪最后一天黯然辞职。7、Human beings have distinguish

10、ed themselves from other animals, and in doingso ensured their survival, by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs.人类把自己和其他动物区别开来。与此同时，人类还具有观察和了解周围环境的能力。他们要么适应环境，要么控制环境，或根据自身的需要改造环境。人类就这样一代代 地

11、生存下来。8、Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时,电仍在为我们工作：帮我们开动电冰箱 把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。9、Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotyp

12、es of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.在20世纪以前，小说中的妇女都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点，因而无法成为 具有个性的人；她们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给她们的种种束缚。10、Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowherein natur

13、e is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是跟氧结合；因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力， 由于这个原因，在自然界找不到游离状态的铝。所以，铝直到19世纪才被人发现。11、It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why l

14、earning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood.一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型，再往下学似乎就越来越难了 ，这其中的原因，也 许教师比学生更容易理解。12、The foreign visitors watched in a fascinated manner the tournament held in Beijing, which exhibited a superb perform

15、ance in smash service, twist service, steady service, high drop and killing and ended in draw.外宾观看了在北京举行的这场锦标赛。这场比赛在发扣球、转球、平稳球、吊球和扣 杀方面技术都十分精湛，最后打成平局。他们看得简直入迷了。13、A few days later, with appeals to the Supreme Court and Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger both rejected, Clarence Ray Allen, a blind, diabet

16、ic 76-year-old convicted of having three people killed, including his sonrlfriend, wasdngipedfrom his wheelchair and put to death by lethal injection in California.几天之后，提交到最高法院和阿诺 施瓦辛格州长的两个上诉都被驳回。76岁的糖尿 病患者、盲人克拉伦斯雷艾伦被判定有罪，在加州被抱下轮椅，注入毒剂处死。他 的罪名是杀害了三个人，其中包括他儿子的女朋友。From agreement on this great goal, we

17、 have, unfortunately, in the past proceeded to disagreement on specific goals, and from there to total inaction.遗憾的是，过去我们在这个总体目标方面意见是一致的，但在涉及到各个具体目标时，意见就不一致，因而也就根本没有什么行动。15、The big problem of comprehension of the English text and the bigger problem of how to express it in rich, present-day Chinese w

18、hich ranges from the classical to the colloquial both have to be solved in the course of translation.了解原文是一个大问题，现代汉语文言与口语兼收并蓄，如何用这样一个丰富多彩的 文字来表达英语原文是一个更大的问题，这两个问题在翻译中都得解决。People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were ju

19、st as confused and helpless as anybody else.分析：该句共有三层含义：A:人们不敢出门；B:尽管警察已接到命令，要作好准备 以应付紧急情况；C:警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。在这三层含义中，B表示让步，C表示原因，而A则表示结果。按照汉语习惯顺序，我们作如下的安排尽管警察已接到命令，要作好准备以应付紧急情况，但人们还是不敢出门，因为警 察也和其他人一样，不知所措，无能为力。But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will,

20、a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination anduntil toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he overreached himself an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.分析： 这句话的主句是 But without Adolf Hitler, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.然而，如果没有希特勒，那就几乎可以肯定不会有第三帝国。定语从句： who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, a