北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试试卷真题及问题详解

1、地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试Passage 1Is that 6 a.m. workout getting in the way of good sleep? Don t think your fat cells won t notice. A new study published in The Annals of Internal Medicine (a medical journal) finds that inadequate shut-eye has a harmful effect on fat cells, reducing their ability to respondt

2、o insulin (胰岛素)by about 30 percent. Over the long-term, this decreased response could setthe stage for type-2 diabetes (a medical condition in which someone has too much sugar in his or her blood), fatty liver disease and weight gain.The study adds to a growing body of evidence that there an intimat

3、e relationship betweenthe amount of sleep we get and our ability to maintain a good, healthy body weight, says sleep expert Helene Emsellem, director of the Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders in Chevy Chase, Maryland. (76) But Americans don t seem to be getting the message that we need seven to nin

4、e hours par night. More than 1 in 5 of us, according to a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is getting six or fewer hours of sleep per night, on average.So how did researchers study fat cells in the Annals paper? Matthew Brady of the University of Chicago and a group of col

5、leagues selected and persuaded seven volunteers to take part in the research project. They were all young, thin and healthy and agreed to sleep for eight nights in a sleep lab. For four nights they were allowed to stay in bed for 8.5 hours a night, says Brady. Then, a month later, they came back for

6、 four additional nightsbut this time they wereallowed just 4.5 hours of sleep per night. And after each visit, researchers got a sample of their fat. (77) Brady explains that the fat cells responded significantly to the 10ss of sleep.“I was very surprised to be honest, he says.Bad things can happen

7、when fat cells bee less responsive to insulin. Fat cells are actually your friend, he says. They re there to store lipids ( 血月旨). When lipids stay inside the cells, your body can utilize the fat when you re exercising or sleeping or going about yourday. However, when fat cells stare to bee insulin r

8、esistant, the lipids star toleach out ofthe fat cells and rise in the bloodstream, Brady says.According to the passage, lack of sleep for a long while can probably lead toall of the following EXCEPT.A. heart diseaseB. weight gainC. diabetes D. liver diseaseThe main idea of the third paragraph ishow

9、to write a medical research paperhow to avoid sleep losshow the research was conductedhow to conduct a medical experimentWhat does the “leach in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Leap.B. Lead.C. Lean.D. Leak.Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?We will be in trouble if our f

10、at cells bee less responsive to insulin.More and more studies are done to study the lind between sleep and weight.More than 20% of Americans are not getting enough sleep.Fat cells are there to help us maintain a good health.Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?Poor Sleep M

11、ay Lead to Too Much Stored Fat and DiseaseSleep Experts Had Exciting Findings in a Fat StudyAmericans Should Have More Than Six Hours of SleepBad Things Happen if Fat Cells Bee Our Friend Passage 2The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 F andthe sun never

12、rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic(北极)is home.(78) Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well preparedfor life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival.

13、But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt(融化).Experts saythat if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the worlds 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.Polar bears cant survive for long on

14、 land. Seals are their main source of food. The onlyplace where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. (79) Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly cleverstrategies to overe this disadvantage. In winter the b

15、ear waits motionless beside a sealsbreathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seales up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to return.With

16、the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs（大片浮冰），and they cant always make it.The ice is also getting thin

17、ner. These conditions can cause polar-bearcabs to bee separatedfrom their mothers, who provide them with food.Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bears International. The group aims to savethe bears and their home. The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficultsituatio

18、n, the better the chance well alter our warming path in time to save them, he says.Which is the best title for the passage?A. Climate Change in the ArcticC. The Arctic Ts Home to Polar BearsWhere do polar bears usually hunt seals?A. On landC. In openings in the sea ice.The word cubs in the fourth pa

19、ragraph is closest in meaning toA. adultsB. babiesC. huntersHow to Protect the EnvironmentD. Polar Bears in DangerIn open water.D. At the bottom of the sea.D. enemiesAccording to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?Starving polar bears are increasingly ing into villages, where the

20、y may be killed either for food or safety.Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts pletely.Two-thirds of the worlds polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polarbears, because they are exce

21、llent swimmers.Whats the mission of Polar Bears International?Saving energy.Conducting scientific research.Seeking international cooperation.Saving polar bears and their home. Passage 3Imaginea school that expected its students to bee literate（有读写能力的）without any formalinstruction.Most parents would

22、be alarmed by such an approach, which would leave their childrenconfused and with gaps in their understanding. This however has been the philosophy on character development in many of our schools. Whyis the development of character seen as somehowdifferent from the other skills that we teach?Of cour

23、se there will always be learningby osmosis（耳濡目染）in any school, but as a teacherand primary school head I have found that a childs moral literacy is strengthened when they acquire the buildingblocks of good character such as consideration,courage and honor: qualitieswhich are monly known as virtue（ 美

24、德）.I personally find that exploring a virtue over a two-week period provides a simple and effective program that allows for the creative input of both teacher and student and a chance for the virtue to embed（使融入）itself. Once a lesson on a virtue such as honesty has been pleted we need to allow time

25、for children to practice this concept just as would be the case with fractions or verbs. Allowing children to role play a situation such as making up excuses to cover a mistake can be enormously interesting, and the drama can be frozen allowing the characters to be questioned about their feelings an

26、d motives. （80） Its also a safe way for children to experience for themsekes how a lie usually goes out of control.Our role as educators is also to look for opportunities to help our students as they attemptto strengthen their characters. Whensomething goes wrong we guide the young person to the vir

27、tue that will prevent it from happening again. For instance, when amstudent thoughtlessly disturbs the calm atmosphere of the library,instead of a response such as, that was reallydisrespectfuland selfish of you! we draw out from them the required virtue: When youre walking through the library, what

28、 virtues do you need to use?Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?discussed topic in the past fewTeaching morals and values has been a frequentlyyears.The author and his staff embed virtues into lessons and school life to encourage character development in children.Kids throughout

29、the population face the same needs, the same challenges, and the same realities in their lives.Role plays are an excellent way of getting students to practice their English.We can infer from the first paragraph that_.there tends to be disagreement about what character education ismost parents are no

30、t satisfied with the teaching methods adopted in schoolsthe approach to character education is generally considered different from the approaches to other skillsmore and more schools are adopting strategies to improve school attendanceThe word philosophy in the first paragraph is closest in meaning

31、to_A. studyB. subjectC. viewpointD. investigationThe author is aA. teacherB. librarianC. reporterD. manageB. Osmosis.D. Role play.t sleep for a single minute allWhich of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to build character in children?A. Story readings and discussions.C. Taking

32、every opportunity to teach character.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%)So much about his ships on the sea that he didn night.A. did he worryB. he did worryC. he worriedD. worried beHis new novel is said into a film last year.A. to makeB. to have madeC. to be madeD. to have been madeHe tried seve

33、ral times to pass the exam.the end, he succeeded.A. OnB. InC. AtD. ByThe report ofan earthquake(地震)in the south China Sea has not been yet.A. conflictedB. confusedC. confinedD. confirmedThe clouds are gathering. We re better hurry andthe department store in case it rains.A. hand inB. face up toThere

34、 is only one boat for hire. IA. superiorB. capablehead forback up m afraid you have to wait for the next one.C. plicatedD. availableI think fishing is a nice hobby but needs a good deal ofA. relationB. limitationC. strengthD. patienceFinally we made a that I should cook dinner and she would wash up

35、after.A. tripB. bargainC. faceD. foolThe old man was found on the floor.A. lying deadB. lying deathC. laying deadD. laying deathIfone a crime, he will be punished.A. makesB. mitsC. performsD. achievesIfyou insist on doing that, please take me into.A. thinkB. thinkingC. thoughtD. considerationThe let

36、ters PTA parent-teacher association.A. stand forB. call forC. reach forD. care forOn side of the street were standing young boys and girls to wele the President.A. bothB. twoC. eitherD. everyHospital doctors don t go out very often as their work all theirtime.A. takes awayB. takes inC. takes overD.

37、takes upThe of blood always makes him sick.A. sightB. viewC. lookD. formShe sent her application to the university last week, but any response up to now.A. didn t receive B. weren t receiving C. hadn t received D. hasn t receivedby the teacher in class, John felt quite depressed and kept silent the

38、whole evening.A. CriticizingB.To criticizeC. CriticizedD. Having criticizedI d play football with you now if I ten years younger.A. amB. beC. had beenD. were34. All the books,had some pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whose35. It is know thatGalileo inventedteles

39、cope.A. the theB./ -theC. a /D. the .a36. The silk produced in Hangzhou feels extremelyA. softB. softlyC. softnessD. softyNot a single mistakein the test.A. he madeB. did he makeC. he has madeD. made beWould you minda photo of you?A. me taketo takemy takingme to take39. The lady treats the boy next

40、door well as if heher own son.A. isB. wasC. wereD. would be40. The cityI was born is on the new railway line.A. whichB. thatC. on whichD. where41. ItA. must have rained B. was rainingC. rainedD. had rainedyesterday, for the ground is still wet now.If professor Jones arrives tomorrow, either you of I

41、 to meet him at the airport.43.A. areB. isC. amwith the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnD. weret seem high at all.A. When pared B. pareC. While paring D. paring44. On this special occasion Id like to express mywishes for your future happiness.A. obviousB. sincereC. hopefulD. hones

42、t45. He doesn t spend much timehis homework.A. inB. withC. onD. for辨错题46. He is such strong a man that he canlift ten stoneslike this one.47. It was until after his deaththat he was recognizedas a great poserGet to the top of the hill.but youwill see the whole city. TOC o 1-5 h z ABCDIs_ that therea

43、sonbecause you are in favor of the proposal?ABCDThere was so much noise in the room that I could hardly hear myself to think .AB CDWhen Daddy will e back , I am going to tell him everything about your poor performance at school.ABCDSome people like to eat apples, but othersprefer bananas fo apples.A

44、 BC D53.Most tree frogschange colors from time to timeto fit in withits environment54.As a slow student, Janehasnt finishedher testin time . is she ?55.There are only two thingsworth to readin this newspaper the TV listings and the sports page.Part IV Cloze (10%)Life as a woman in the colonial (殖民的)

45、America seems quite diflfcrent from it 他 today, Women were considered inferior tp men. a &ct 56 in EaditioH hw7 and pBs W&s 加 the bQU) 57 thty W to Serve 3 devoted wives and motbefsTTbey were therefore considered unfc w operate 哭 political beings and unabte to SS the benefits of citizeiiship given t

46、o mer- Voy few women 6 & college education, secured a well-paid job, or puraied a Svitful careen Other than marry ing well they could do 61 to improve their economic status.62 their secondary stams, women 63 play a central rote tn dewlaping, ctviEizin/ and advancing the nation long before the United

47、 States gained its independence 64 Great Britain. During the colonial period, they made great contributions tc family and commuaky. They worked alongside theit husbands65 fensily survival deinaDdcd th处 chores 僚事） be shared by aU Women helped to $0% ptent, and harvest crops. They 66 pigs and chicken

48、planted gardens and milked cows. This need for shared male md female labor 67 a constant theme （主题） as amilfcs moved to the frontier, where all femily memfce武 having tc work6g essenliaL69 scholars still debate the nature of white womens sianding during the colonial period, many of tbcm admit that co

49、lonial wojnen _7fl. some standing in ihcir f=imi1iu.s and comnninities 71 their contritnitions were 脚 essential A woman might TL_ chores in the home but also assist her husband in 方 a newspaper or a store, But this EoperarivE合作的）appmach did not transl滥匕 into V_ rights for women; instead, it 乃 the realities Md unccruinties of colonial Life.C. causedC. whenC. inC. enjoyC. acquiredC. lessC. Instead ofC. mereC. toC. althoughC. aroseC. remainedC.