高三英语阅读理解细节题专项突破八

1、高三英语阅读理解细节题专项突破（八）ACandogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsfo

2、rcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.However,itwasntallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofth

3、ehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachotherslanguage.Itisasur

4、prisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalkdog,anddogscanlearnhowtotalkCat.Whatsinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachothersbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachotherspresenceandbodylanguage,cats

5、anddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpetstopeoplewhodontgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddo

6、gscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.1.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen_.A.theyarecoldtoeachotherB.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theymisunderstoodeachotherssignalsD.theyareintroducedatanearlyage2.Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A.Theyeatandsleepeachother.B.Theyobserveeachothersbehaviors.C.

7、Theylearntospeakeachotherslanguage.D.Theyknowsomethingfromeachothersvoices.3.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs_.A.havecommoninterestsB.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguageD.arelessintelligentthanwasexpected4.Whatcanwehumanbeingslearnfromcatsanddogs?A.Weshouldlearntoliveinha

8、rmony.B.Weshouldknowmoreaboutanimals.C.Weshouldliveinpeacewithanimals.D.Weshouldlearnmorebodylanguages.BFishhaveears.Really.Theyrequitesmallandhavenoopeningtotheoutsideworldcarryingsoundthroughthebody.Forthepastsevenyears,SimonThorrold,auniversityprofessor,hasbeenexaminingfishears,smallroundearbones

9、calledotoliths.Asfishgrow,sodotheirotoliths.Eachday,theirotolithsgainaringofcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙).Bylookingthroughamicroscope(显微镜)andcountingtheserings,Thorroldcandeterminetheexactageofayoungfish.Asafishgetsolder,itsotolithsnolongergetdailyrings.Instead,theygetyearlyrings,whichcanalsobecounted,givin

10、ginformationaboutthefishsage,justlikethegrowthringsofatree.Ringcountingisnothingnewtofishscientists.ButThoroldhasturnedtoanewdirection.Theyreexaminingthechemicalelements(元素)ofeachotolithring.Thedailyringgivesusthetime,butchemistrytellsusabouttheenvironmentinwhichthefishswamonanygivenday.Theseelement

11、stellusaboutthechemistryofthewaterthatthefishwasin.Italsosayssomethingaboutwatertemperature,whichdetermineshowmuchoftheseelementswillgatherwithineachotolithring.Thorroldcantell,forexample,ifafishspenttimeintheopenoceanbeforeenteringthelesssaltywaterofcoastalareas.Hecanbasicallytellwherefisharespendi

12、ngtheirtimeatanygivenstageofhistory.InthecaseoftheAtlanticcroaker,apopularsaltwaterfoodfish,Thorroldandhisassistanthavesuccessfullyfollowedthetravelingofyoungfishfrommid-oceantothecoast,ajourneyofmanyhundredsofmiles.Thisisimportanttomanagersinthefishindustry,whoknownearlynothingaboutthewhereaboutsof

13、theyoungfishformostfoodfishintheocean.Eagertolearnabouthistechnology,fishscientistsarenowlendingThorroldtheirears.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutfishearsfromthetext?A.Theyaresmallsoftrings.C.Theyareopeningonlyonfoodfish.6.Whydoesthewritercomparethefishtotrees?A.Treesgainagrowthringeachday.C.Theirgrowthringsar

14、everysmall.B.Theyarenotseenfromtheoutside.D.Theyarenotusedtoreceivesound.B.treesalsohaveotoliths.D.Theybothhavegrowthrings.7.Whyisitimportanttostudythechemistryofotolithrings?A.Theelementsoftheotolithscantellthehistoryofthesea.B.Chemicalcontentsofotolithscantellhowfastfishcanswim.C.Wecanknowmoreabou

15、tfishandtheirlivingenvironment.D.Scientistscanknowexactlyhowoldafishis.8.Howwouldyouunderstand“fishscientistsarenowlendingtheirears”?A.TheyareveryinterestedinThorroldsresearchfindings.B.Theywanttoknowwheretheycanfindfish.C.Theylendtheirfishforchemicalstudies.D.TheywonderifThorroldcanfindgrowthringsf

16、romtheirears.CTaxes,TaxesandMoreTaxesAmericansoftensaythatthereareonlytwothingsapersoncanbesureofinlife;deathandtaxes.Americansdonothaveacorneronthe“death”market,butmanypeoplefeelthattheUnitedStatesleadstheworldwiththeworsttaxes.Taxesconsistofthemoneywhichpeoplepaytosupporttheirgovernment.Therearege

17、nerallythreelevelsofgovernmentintheUnitedStates:federal(联邦),state,andcity;therefore,therearethreetypesoftaxes.Salariedpeoplewhoearnmorethanafewthousanddollarsmustpayacertainpercentageoftheirsalariestothefederalgovernment.Thepercentagevariesformpersontoperson.Itdependsontheirsalaries.Thefederalgovern

18、menthasagraduatedincometax,thatis,thepercentageofthetax(14to70percent)increasesasapersonsincomeincreases.WiththehighcostoftaxespeoplearenotveryhappyonApril15,whenthefederaltaxesaredue.Thesecondtaxisforthestategovernment:NewYork,California,NorthDakota,oranyoftheotherforty-sevenstates.Somestateshavean

19、incometaxsimilartothatofthefederalgovernment.Ofcourse,thepercentageforthestatetaxislower.Otherstateshaveasalestax,whichisapercentagechargedtoanyitem(项目)whichyoubuyinthatstate.Forexample,apersonmightwanttobuyapacketofcigarettesfortwenty-fivecents.Ifthereisasalestaxofeightpercentinthatstate,thenthecos

20、tofthecigarettesistwenty-sevencents.Thisfigureincludesthesalestax.Somestatesuseincometaxinadditiontosalestaxtoraisetheirrevenues(收入).Thestatetaxlawsarevariousandconfusing.Thethirdtaxisforthecity.Thistaxcomesintwoforms:propertytax(peoplewhoownahomehavetopaytaxesonit)andexcise(国产)tax,whichischargedonc

21、arsinacity.Thecitiesusethese(fundsforeducation,policeandfiredepartments,publicworksandmunicipal市政内)buildings.SinceAmericanspaysuchhightaxes,theyoftenfeelthattheyareworkingonedayeachweekjusttopaytheirtaxes.Peoplealwayscomplainabouttaxes.Theyoftenprotestthatthegovernmentusestheirtaxdollarsinthewrongwa

22、y.Theysaythatitspendstoomuchonuselessandimpracticalprograms.AlthoughAmericanshavedifferentviewsonmanyissues,theytendtoagreeononesubject:taxesaretoohigh.9.Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Americansdonothaveacorneronthedeathmarket”?A.ItmeansthatAmericans,justlikeallotherpeople,mustdie.B.ItmeansthatAmeric

23、ansdonothaveasecretplacetokeepfromdeathintheirlife.C.ItmeansthatAmericansarenotgoodatdoingbusinessinthedeathmarket.D.ItmeansthatthereisnosuchplaceasadeathmarketintheU.S.10.WhyshouldtheAmericanpeopleusuallypaythreetypesoftaxes?A.Therearethreelevelsofgovernmentfederal,stateandcity-tosupporttheUnitedSt

24、ates.B.Therearethreekindsoftaxestopaygraduatedincometax,salestaxandpropertytax.C.Theyearndifferentsalaries:high,middle,andlow.D.Taxlawsindifferentstatesaredifferent.11.Whatdoesthetitle“Taxes,Taxes,andMoreTaxes”imply?A.Americansarenotsatisfiedwiththethreetypesoftaxes.B.Thethreelevelsofgovernmentdonot

25、usethetaxesinarightway.C.Americanscomplainthattaxesaretoohigh.D.Americanstaxesarediverseandconfusing.DChildrensliveshavechangedgreatlyoverthelast50yearsButdotheyhaveahappierchildhoodthanyouorIdid?Itsdifficulttolookbackononesownchildhoodwithoutsomeelementofnostalgia(怀旧的).Ihavefourbrothersandsisters,a

26、ndmymemoriesareallaboutbeingwiththemPlayingboardgamesonthelivingroomfloor,orspendingdaysinthestreetwiththeotherneighborhoodchildren,racingupanddownonourbikes,orexploringthenearbywoodsMyparentsscarcelyappearinthesememories,exceptasproviderseitherofmealsorofsevereblameaftersomeparticularlyriskyadventu

27、reThesedays,intheUKatleast,thenatureofchildhoodhaschangeddramaticallyFirstly,familiesaresmaller,andtherearefarmoreonlychildrenItiscommonforbothparentstoworkoutsidethehomeandthereisthefeelingthattherejustisnttimetobringupalargefamily,orthatnoonecouldpossiblyaffordtohavemorethanonechildAsaresult,todaysboysandgirlsspendmuchoftheirtimealoneAnothermajorchangeisthatyoungsterstodaytendtospendahugeamountoftheirfreetimeathome,insideMorethananythingthisisduetothefactthatparentsworryfarmorethantheyusedtoaboutrealorimagineddange