外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)

1、(word圆满版)外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)(2)(word圆满版)外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)(2)(word圆满版)外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习(含练习)(2)下册重要知识点梳理语法知识点1.词类：物主代词、神态动词can和方向介词短语2.时态：一般未来时态和一般过去时态3.句型：特别疑问句、祈使句、痛惜句和选择疑问句词类物主代词：表示所属关系的代词（属于谁的）单数复数人称形容词性物主代名词性物主代形容性物主代名词性物主代词词词词第一人称mymineourours第二人称youryoursyouryourshishis第三人称herherstheirThe

2、irsitsits形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：形容词性物主代词：必然和名词在一同。Myfather,yourteacher.物主代词名词性物主代词:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词。Thisshirtismine.=Thisismyshirt.练习（1）选择题。（）1.Lookat.A.himB.heC.his（）2.Idrivetotheparkeveryday.A.theyB.theirC.them（）3.classroomisbig.A.weB.usC.Our（）4.Ilove.1A.sheB.herC.hers（）5.Doyouknow?A.IB.myC.me（）6

3、.Iamson.A.theyB.theirC.them（）7.Thisisnot_desk.Mydeskisoverthere.A.IB.myC.me（）8.Canyouspell_name,Harry?Sorry.A.youB.yourC.yours（）9.TomandJackarebrothers.Thisis_room.A.theyB.themC.their（）10.Weareinthesameclass._classroomisverynice.A.ourB.myC.ours（）11.Mrs.Greenismyteacher.Im_student.A.heB.hisC.him（）12.

4、Thatsacat._nameisMimi.A.ItB.ItsC.Its（2）用括号里的代词的适合形式填空1,MrYangis_(we)teacher._(him)isfromBeijing._(his)teaches_(our)English.2,Look,thereisacat._(they)isLilys._(it)nameisMimi.3,Let_(I)tell_(she)about_(he)lifeatschool.4,Thisis_(they)room.Whereis_(our)?5,Dontusetheeraser._is_(me).6,Theladyunderthetreeis

5、_(me)aunt._(her)oftensingswith_(she)husband神态动词can1.含义：表达人或物的能力，能或会2.特色：神态动词can没有人称和数的变化，今后要加动词原形。3.否认形式：cannot(正式用法)can口t(语)4.句型构造：必然句：主语+神态动词+动词原形+其余+。She/Theycanswimwell.否认句：主语+神态动词+not+动词原形+其余+。She/Theycannotswimwell.一般疑问句：神态动词+主语+动词原形+其余+？2Canshe/theyswimwell?Yes,she/theycan./No,she/theycant.特别

6、疑问句：疑问词+神态动词+主语+动词原形+其余+?Whycanshe/theyswimwell?Whocanswimwell?练习：()1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.mustB.cantC.shouldnt()2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.should()3)-youseethesignoverthere?-Sorry,Icant.A.CanB.CantC.Should4.Icanrunfast.I_fast.(否认句)Hecanplaybasketballwell.

7、（一般疑问句）_he_basketballwell?介词over正上方behind/atthebackof在.后边onontheleftof.在左侧ontherightof.在右侧nextto/near在周边，紧挨着inthefrontof在里面的前面under.在.正下方infrontof.在.前面between.and.在二者之间LinglingsitsbetweenTonyandDaming.玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间among在三者或三者以上之间MissLiisamonglotsofstudents.李老师在很多同学之间注意：介词短语常和be动词连用。3时态一般未来时时间状语：in+一段时

8、间；tomorrow；inthefuture;next+时间；this+时间（表示未来时间的状语）be（is,am.are）goingto的用法。含义：计划，打看作某事未来时句型构造：一般未来时begoingto+动词原形必然句构造：主语+begoingto+动词原形+其余.否认句构造：主语+benotgoingto+动词原形+其余.一般疑问句：be动词提早Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其余？必然回答：Yes，主语+be.否认回答：No，主语+benot.注意：表示计划到某地去，谓语动词go与going重复，一般只说begoingto+地点.come/go/arrive/leave等表

9、示地点转移的动词可用于此刻进行表未来。Eg:IamgoingtoLondonnextyear.Sheisgoingtocheckheremail.Look!Thebusiscoming.由shall和will指引的一般未来时含义：将会特色：助动词shall和will没有人称和数的变化，今后要加动词原形。shall在一般未来时中，一般用于第一人称今后。比方：I/WeshallhaveanEnglishlesson.我们将有一节英语课。否认形式：shallnotshantwillnotwont未来时句型构造:必然句：主语+shall/will+do否认句：主语+shall/will+not+do（

10、willnot可缩写成wont）一般疑问句：shall/will+主语+do特别疑问句：疑问词+shall/will+主语+do4一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去常常或频频发生的动作。2标记性时间状语：yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastmonth（上个月）,lastyear（昨年）,twomonthsago（两个月前）,thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），in1990(在1990年),inthosedays（在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。3动词构造：V-ed动词过

11、去式变化规则：1一般在动词尾端加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3尾端是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写尾端的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：lose(抛弃)-lostmake(制造)-mademean(意思)-meantmeet(见)-metpay(付)-paidsay(说)-saidsell(卖)-soldsend(送)-sentsit(坐)-satsleep(睡)-sleptsm

12、ell(嗅)-smeltspell(拼写)-speltspend(度过)-spentstand(站)-stoodteach(教)-taughttell(告诉)-toldwin(赢)-wonthink(想)-thoughtunderstand(理解)-understoodbegin(开始)-beganblow(吹)-blewbreak(打破)-brokechoose(选择)-chosedo(做)-diddraw(画)-drewdrink(喝)-drankdrive(驾驶)-droveeat(吃)-atefall(落下)-fellfly(飞)-flew5forget(忘)-forgotwake(弄

13、醒)-wokegive(给)-gavesing(唱)-sanggo(去)-wentspeak(发言)-spokegrow(成长)-grewsteal(偷)-stoleknow(知道)-knewwear(穿)-worelie(躺)-lay-lainswim(泳)-swamring(按铃)-rangtake(拿)-tookwrite(写)-wrotethrow(扔)-threwride(骑)-rodebecome(成为)-becamesee(看见)-sawcome(来)-cameshow(出示)-showedrun(跑)-ran4.句式变化规则：Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：（1）am和is在一般

14、过去时中变成was。（wasnot=wasnt）2）are在一般过去时中变成were。（werenot=werent）（3）带有was或were的句子，其否认、疑问的变化和is,am,are同样，即否认句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认句：didnt+动词原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidntgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?特别疑问句：疑问词+一般

15、疑问句？如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?6练习：一、填空我打算明日和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个礼拜一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdonextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否认）Nancy_goingtogocamping.Illgoandjoi

16、nthem（.改否认）I_go_jointhem.Imgoingtogetupat6:30morrowto.（改一般疑问句）_togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_meetatthebusstopat10:30.二、用所给动词的适合形式填空。1.Tom_(visit)afarmlastweek.Thetwins_(water)theflowersinthegardenyesterdaymorning.I_(watch)afilmwithmyfriendlastFriday.Myfather_(be)inLond

17、onlastyear.What_(do)youdothreedaysago?_(be)thereanyparksherein1950?What_(do)youdojustnow?I_(wash)myclothes.三、改写句子1.Weareallhappy.(改成一般过去时)We_allhappy.Ivisitmygrandparentseveryweek.(用lastweek取代everyweek)_73Thereweresomezebrasinthezoolastyear.(改为一般疑问句并作必然回答)_四、用所给词的适合形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We_(have)a

18、picnicthisafternoon.Mybrother_(go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften_(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He_(go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually_(watch)TVand_(catch)insects?ItsFridaytoday.What_she_(do)thisweekend?She_(watch)TVand_(catch)insects.What_(do)youdolastSunday?I_(pick)applesonafa

19、rm.What_(do)nextSunday?I_(milk)cows.7.Mary_(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.8.David_(give)apuppetshownextMonday.9.I_(plan)formystudynow.句型特别疑问句。含义：以特别疑问词开头的疑问句。特别疑问词总结：what什么（职业，姓名等）whatday礼拜几Whatdayisittoday?whatsize多大尺码Whatsizeareyourshoes?whattime=when什么时间whatcolour什么颜色whatsize多大号when什么时候（就时间发问）8wh

20、ere什么地方（就地点发问）who谁（问人的身份，姓名等）which哪一个why为何（就原由发问，常用because回答）how怎么样howmany多少（发问可数名词数目）Howmanybooksdoyouhave?多少（发问不可以数名词数目）Howmuchwateristhereintheglass?Howmuch多少钱（发问价钱）Howold几岁（发问年纪）多长（发问长度）Howlongisthisruler?Howlong这把尺子有多长？多长时间（时间连续多久）Howlongdoyougotoschool?你去学校要多长时间？Howoften多久（发问频次既单位时间发生多少次）Howso

21、on（还要多久时间才能开始或结束）Howsoonwillhecomeback?Howfar（发问距离有多远）他多久才能回来？Howheavy（发问有多重）句型构造：特别疑问词+一般疑问句？Eg:WhydoyoulikewatchingTV?练习：就划线部散发问。1Heoftenhaslunchinthefactoryheoftenlunch？2Theywillcomebackinamonthwilltheycomeback？3HehurthisleglastSundayhehurthisleg？4Igotupatsixthismorningyouupthismorning？5Theywered

22、rawingahorsewhenIcamein9theywhenIcamein？6IdidntgotoschoolbecauseIhadabadcoldyougotoschool？7YoudbettertaketheNo3busbusIbettertake？8Hesfeelingwellhefeeling？9Thegirlinaredcoatismysisterisyoursister？10HecomestoChinaonceayearhetoChina？Hegoestoseehisgrandma(twiceaweek).(对括号部散发问)_?12.Myfathergoestoworkbyca

23、r.(改为特别疑问句)_?13.Ittake(15minutes)foraferrytocrosstheriver.(对括号部散发问)_?14.Youcandial(110)tocallthepolice.(对括号部散发问)_canyoudialtocallthepolice15.Tedputhisbaginthedesk.(改为特别疑问句)_Ted_inthedesk?16.Thestudents(wentcamping)lastweek.(对括号部散发问)10_?Diogenescamefrom(Greece).(对括号部散发问)_Diogenes_?Thewaytokeepfitis(toeatfoodandtakemornexercise).(对括号部散发问)_thewayto_?2)祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、恳求、建议或劝说的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用痛惜号或句号，读降调。1.必然的祈使句（1）动词原形+其余Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。（2）Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!当心/当心！（3）Lets+动词原形