2021届高考英语二轮复习各题型分项专练-阅读理解60篇16-30科技类含解析

1、2021届高考英语二轮复习各题型分项专练_阅读理解60篇16_30科技类含解析2021届高考英语二轮复习各题型分项专练_阅读理解60篇16_30科技类含解析2021届高考英语二轮复习各题型分项专练_阅读理解60篇16_30科技类含解析2021高考二轮复习各题型分项专练-阅读理解60篇（1630）阅读理解（16）When Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes “finding solutions to real problems”， it was hard to imagine this dynamic 11yearold girl could settle a

2、problem that has escaped scientists for years。In just three months， Rao came up with a device(装置）that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead(铅） levels in our fresh water. Inspired by the current litigation （诉讼）in Flint， Michigan， a case of water pollution

3、from 2014 to 2015, Rao designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named Americas Top Young Scientist for 2017。Rao had been following the water problem for about two years。 She was amazed by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change th

4、is. Gitanjali spent months trying to convince local high schools and colleges to give her lab time to continue her experiment。 At home， Gitanjali worked on her project in the “science room” she asked her parents to create for her. Rao has created a device that uses three parts: a cartridge， a Blueto

5、oth reader and an app。 To put it simply， the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes（纳米管) that react to lead. This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader, which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink。Rao appropriately named the device Tet

6、hys after the Greek goddess of fresh water, and is hoping to make a little improvement to get the device on the market。 While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our aging pipelines, lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development. With Rao believing that the “pur

7、pose of science is to make a difference, her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States.1.What do we know about Raos device？A。Its cheap and quick.B.Its cheap and inaccurate。C。Its expensive and reliable。D。Its portable and time-consuming。2.What made Rao hav

8、e the idea of designing the device?A.Her parents suggestions.B。The name of the Greek goddess。C.Her interest in settling real problems.D.The water pollution litigation in Flint。3.What do the carbon nanotubes function as?A.Sending immediate signals。B.Recording the reaction results。C.Cetecting the pres

9、ence of lead.D.Showing the water quality results.4。What does the author think of Raos invention?A.It will lead Rao to make a fortune。B。It will help millions of Americans drink safe water.C.It will promote the development of science in America。D。It will soon settle the lead-polluted problem thoroughl

10、y。阅读理解（17）Weknow that our smartphones are expertly-designed distraction devices that weaken our efforts to resist. But， we also know that resistance is important if were ever going to find a workable middle ground with our phones and a recent has served up another reason to strengthen our resolve.He

11、re it is:when you pick up your phone while doing anything mentally challenging, youre handicapping your brains ability to recharge and performance predictably decreases.Thats the conclusion of a study that put roughly 400 college students to task solving challenging word puzzles。 When they were abou

12、t halfway through, the researchers allowed most of the students to take a break either using their phones， using a computer or reading a print circular。 Other students were told to just keep on working without any sort of break。The results showed that the students who took a break with their phones

13、were the worst performers of all the groups. They took 19% longer to finish the tasks and they solved 22% fewer word-problems than all the other groups combined. In fact, the cellphone groups efficiency and processing speed was about the same as the group that took no break. The reason offered by th

14、e researchers isnt merely because digital devices are inherently engaging(迷人的)， but becauseour smartphones are attention gates into so many other attentioncatching areas， each pulling our mental energy in different directions。This research stresses that we ignored the energy reduction from using our

15、 smartphones， and that we were overconfident about what our brains can handle。We also overlooked the emotional connection wed developed with our phones。Its no longer just a device。 Its a companion。“It is important to know the costs associated with reaching for this device during every spare minute，

16、Kurtzberg added。 “We assume its no different from any other break but the phone may carry increasing levels of distraction that make it difficult to return focused attention to work tasks.1。What does “resolve in Paragraph 1 refer to?A。Finding a workable phone.B.Resisting using phones。C.Making full u

17、se of phones.D.Upgrading personal phones.2。The underlined word “handicapping” in Paragraph 2 probably means _。A.strengtheningB.performingC.weakeningD。changing3.What can we learn from the research?A。There are two groups of students in the research.B.All the students can not take a break in the resear

18、ch。C。The cellphone group did best in solving the puzzles.D。Students have to complete word puzzles before the break.4。Whats the main idea of the Paragraph 6?A。The phone is no longer favored by people.B.The phone is not as powerful as expected.C.People cannot connect emotionally with phones.D。People d

19、idnt fully understand the effect of phones。阅读理解（18)Many Americans think of driverless cars as a futuristic technology that will revolutionize travel in cities and along state highways. But recent experiments are proving that autonomous vehicles also have the potential to improve the quality of life

20、for millions of Americans underserved by traditional modes of transportation, such as the elderly and disabled， so long as lawmakers make smart policies that pave the way for innovation。A retirement community in San Jose, Calif。 ， which has been transformed by a small fleet of driverless taxis， show

21、s the potential of self-driving cars to transform peoples lives. Built by a tech startup called Voyage, the modified Ford Fusions are currently limited to a two-mile road, but residents are already having the benefits of these autonomous vehicles, which allow them to participate in social activities

22、 they would otherwise be unable to enjoy simply because they could not get to them.When the trial run finally expands to 15 miles of road， these residents-whose average age is 76-will also have a convenient and reliable new way to appointments。 As these cars continue to serve residents there, it is

23、easy to understand why California is moving to simplify regulations for the industry.In Michigan, forwardthinking policies have the potential to unlock other hidden benefits of autonomous vehicles, especially for those with physical disabilities. The Michigan Disability Rights Coalition has strongly

24、 advocated for the development of this technology， saying that it could give people with disabilities greater opportunities in the workforce and enable them to lead more fulfilling, independent lives.Many recognize that autonomous vehicles will be the future of transportation, but it is too often ov

25、erlooked that this future cannot arrive fast enough for millions of Americans who are forced to depend on others for day-to-day travel。 The policymakers should follow the lead of places like California and Michigan， and pass rules and regulations to unlock these hidden benefits of driverless cars。1.

26、Whats the attitude of most American people to the future of autonomous vehicles？A.Curious。B.Doubtful。C。Indifferent。D.Optimistic。2。What is the modified Ford Fusion？A.A kind of autonomous vehicle.B.A fleet of driverless taxis。C.A road for driverless cars。D.A retirement community.3.What are examples in

27、 California and Michigan to prove？A.Driverless cars disadvantages.B.Governments right decisions.C.Benefits to the aged and the disabled.D.The regulations are forwardthinking.4.What does the author attempt to inform us in the last paragraph？A.The benefits of driverless cars have been fully unlocked。B

28、。Regulations should go hand in hand with driverless technology。C.The concept of autonomous vehicles has been widely recognized.D。The weak groups are often overlooked despite technology advances。阅读理解（19） A 27-yearold inventor， Joco Paulo Lammoglia, has come up with a new device named the AIRE mask, w

29、hich is capable of converting the wind energy provided by the wearers breath into electrical energy。 This means breathing has become a source of renewable energy。 The inspiration for the invention came from his watching children blowing on pinwheels(玩具风车）。 The device is worn like a mask equipped wit

30、h tiny wind turbines(涡轮机) and it can work its magic even while people are sleeping, jogging or hanging around,since energy is created from ones breath. The principle of this AIRE mask is simple。 The invention uses the wind flow created by breathing and changes it into energy that can charge mobile p

31、hones and iPods。 Simply put this mask connected to your mobile phone on your face. The rest takes place naturally through your breath that provides power to run turbines which produce electricity。 Lammoglia explained how useful he hopes the AIRE will become。 He said， I hope to bring the concept into

32、 production and reduce the carbon footprint。 It can be used indoors or outdoors， while youre sleeping， walking，running or even reading books. Apart from saving energy and contributing to the environmental protection， it also encourages thepractice of physical exercise. This is an entirely all-time r

33、enewable energy source。 Its energy is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Lammoglia explained why he thought the AIRE was so useful, saying， Though many of our modern devices offer benefits， they tend to consume a high amount of electrical energy. This may cause environmental problems, espe

34、cially if the energy used by these devices is obtained from nonrenewable energy sources. The AIRE mask will be the future cheaper energy source of charging mobile phones. It would save energy and allow people to never have to worry about their phone dying unless they stop breathing.1.The underlined

35、word “converting （Para. 1 ） is closest in meaning to _.A.chargingB.convincingC。exchangingD。transforming2。Lammoglia would most probably agree that the AIRE mask_。A.consumes a high amount of energyB。will account for environmental damageC.is a good solution to energy issuesD.is available in the shop no

36、w3。Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A。An electronic maskB。A breath-powered deviceC。A new renewable energy sourceD。An air-purifying device阅读理解(20）A new keyboard can tell whether you are its owner. The keyboard records information about the typing pattern and sends it to a comp

37、uter program。 The program then checks to see if the typing pattern and sends it to a computer program. The program then checks to see if the pattern matches the right user， If not， an alarm sounds, and the computer locks the typist out。 It locks out anyone else， even if than person knows password. W

38、hats more， this device needs no batteries. It harvests all the person knows your password。 Whats more， this device needs no batteries. It harvests all the energy it needs from the action of your typing. Besides, the keyboard is also selfcleaning and the keys are free of damage from water, oil and di

39、rt。The keys of the new keyboard are made of the same inexpensive plastic that might be found on any other standard keyboard. But instead of being smooth， the keys have millions of tiny plastic nanowires（纳米线）on their surface area to every key， increasing the effective contact area between the plastic

40、s and fingers. This ensures that theres enough power to run the keyboard as someone types.Liming Dai， a scientist, did not work on the new keyboard， but he thinks the design could be important in getting better performance from a variety of devices. “It could also be applied to a touch screen, for i

41、nstance, Dai says。 “Then smartphones and notepads could harvest energy from the action of someone typing or drawing。”“Future work might make the keyboard even more useful， Dai adds。 “A later design might build tiny capacitors(电容器)onto the nanowires，” he suggests. Capacitors are little devices that t

42、emporarily store electric charges. Those might then LEDs to light a Keyboard in the dark。Zhonglin Wang is a co-designer of the new keyboard. His team has build a working model of the keyboard。 “If a company decides to fund（投资）its production, this keyboard could be in stores in as little as two years

43、,” says Wang.1。How does the new keyboard tell whether you are its owner?A.By matching the typing pattern to the right user。B。By sending alarms to a computer program.C.By checking the right users passwords.D.By recording information about the typing pattern。2。Why are there many nanowires on the surfa

44、ce of the keys？A.Toincrease the effective contact area. B.To improve the speed of typing。C。To make the keys smooth。 D。To help produce power。3。Whats Dais attitude to the new keyboard?A。UnconcernedB.DoubtfulC.PositiveD.Critical.4.What is the best title for the text?A。A New Keyboard Made of NanowiresB.

45、A New Keyboard Entirely Owned by youC。A New Keyboards Future。D。A New Keyboard Powered by Typing阅读理解(21）The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to disco

46、ver where the key stress points are。Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated（隔绝） and inactive。Led by Professor Phil Blythe， the Newcastle team are developing invehicle technologies f

47、or older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation（导航) tools， night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country， driving is imp

48、ortant for preserving their independence， giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others。”But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confiden

49、ce in their driving skills。 The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, ”The Drive LAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology

50、 to address these problems.”For example， most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly， we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. Were looking

51、at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that。”We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案） to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.1。What is the purpose of the Drive LAB?A。To explore new means of transport。B。To design new typ

52、es of cars.C。To find out older drivers problems。D.To teach people traffic rules。2。Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe？A。It keeps them independent。B.It helps them save time.C。It builds up their strength。D.It cures their mental illnesses.3.What do researchers hope to do

53、for older drivers?A.Improve their driving skills。B.Develop driverassist technologies。C.Provide tips on repairing their cars。D。Organize regular physical checkups。4.What is the best title for the text？A.A new Model Electric CarB。A Solution to Traffic ProblemsC。Driving Services for EldersD。Keeping Olde

54、r Drivers on the Road阅读理解（22）Many Android and iPhone owners use Google services on their mobile phones or tablets. One of the most widely used location（位置）services is Google Maps. When someone uses Google Maps, information about times and locations are recorded and stored。Google also uses tracking t

55、ools with other services. Weather apps, for example，are designed to identify a users location to provide local weather information. Even some Google Internet searches can result in the collection of information about exactly where a person was when the search was made。Google says it collects the dat

56、a to improve users localized experiences。 But such practices have also raised privacy concerns. Privacy activists have called on Google and other major technology companies to make it easier for users to turn off location services if they do not want to be tracked. In some ways, Google is clear abou

57、t asking permission to use location information. For instance, Google Maps will seek approval from a user to give the app access to locations。 If a user agrees to let Google collect location information over time, Google Maps will show this history in a timeline that shows the personas daily movemen

58、ts。Google also has a ”Location Historysetting. The company says any user can turn off Location History at any time。 And when Location History is turned off for a users account， it is turned off for all equipment linked to that Google account。 But the AP （Associated Press) found this does not appear

59、to be true, finding that Google continued to save location history even if a user had turned off Location History.Google states users can stop the saving of all location markers by turning off another setting， however， which is not clearly identified as being connected to location tracking。 The sett

60、ing is called ”Web and App Activityn. It stores different kinds of information from Google apps and websites to a users Google account.1。Why does the author mention Weather apps?A.To stress Google sendees are widely used.B。To show many apps can track a users location。C。To prove Google collects users