2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题五代词学案新人教版

1、2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题五代词学案新人教版2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题五代词学案新人教版PAGE 2021届高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专项突破第一板块构建基础词法专题五代词学案新人教版专题五代词- 知 识 梳 理 -一、代词分类人称代词主格I， you, he， she， it, we， they宾格me, you， him， her, it, us， them物主代词形容词性物主代词my, your， his, her, its， our, their名词性物主代词mine, yours， his， h

2、ers, its， ours, theirs反身代词myself， yourself， himself， herself， itself, yourselves, themselves, ourselves相互代词each other， one another指示代词this， that, these， those， such， some疑问代词who, whom， whose， whoever， which, whichever, what， whatever连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose， whoever关系代词that， which， who， who

3、m， whose， as不定代词one， some， any， each, none， no， many， much, few, a few, little， a little， other, another, all, both, neither, either， the other等不定代词， 及some, any, every, no等构成的复合不定代词二、代词的几个注意事项1不定代词one，ones，the one,the onesone泛指“任何一个人”，有ones 和oneself形式One has to take care of oneself and ones family i

4、f he can。One shouldnt hesitate to correct ones mistakes。one/ones泛指同类事物中的一个或多个，用以代替上下文已出现过的可数名词I have lost my pen. Im going to buy one. I prefer red roses to white ones。Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago？ the one代替表示特指的单数名词，the onethatHere are six rings。 Pick out the one you like best. H

5、and me my coat. Its the one hanging on the wall.the ones代替表示特指的复数名词，the onesthoseDont buy the expensive apples； get the cheaper ones。Id like to try on those shoes， the ones at the front of the window. all， none，no oneall表示“（三者或三者以上）所有的”，指代可数名词时，谓语动词用复数；指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，all可作定语All were present at the

6、 meeting。All other children are in the classroom. All of the money has been spent. Say all you know and say it without reservation.none表示“（三者或三者以上)都不”，作主语时，指代可数名词，谓语动词单复数均可;指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，none可和of连用None of this money is mine. None of my friends is/are interested. I wanted some more coffee but ther

7、e was none left. All of the trees were cut down, and none was/were left。None of the students failed the examination.no one表示“没有人”，作主语时,谓语动词用单数No one was kinder to me at that time than Rose。Almost no one believed her。 both， either,neitherboth表示“两者都，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；作定语时，修饰复数可数名词We invited both to come to

8、 our farm。Tom and Jack both made some progress. Both of them should make concessions.Both are not party members。either表示“两者中任何一个”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数;作定语时，修饰单数可数名词You can park on either side of the road。Either of the brothers is selfish。neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时,谓语动词用单数；作定语时，修饰单数可数名词Neither of the two countries

9、 is satisfied with the result of the talk。 Neither answer is correct。both。and.。. （谓语动词用复数）eq blc rc（avs4alco1（either。.or。,neither.。nor。. ）) eq avs4al(（谓语动词采用，就近原则）Either you or Jim is going to Shanghai next week.Both Lily and Lucy are not good at Chinese.each, everyeach表示“每一个,每个，后接单数可数名词，表示两个或两个以上，可

10、以和of连用She began to consult doctors， and each doctor had a different diagnosis (诊断）Each of these boys has a phone.every表示“每一个,每个”，后接单数可数名词，表示三者或三者以上，不可以和of连用After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone.There are hospitals in every town of China.“every数词/other/few名词”等结构表示“每隔”We see each o

11、ther every other day, always at my place.Every few weeks there are new buildings.“each /every单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数Every student has got a new dictionary.Each student makes a page that describes a certain vocabulary word.other，the other, others，the others,anotherother表示“另一些，表泛指；any other表示“(一定范围中）其他任何一

12、个 There must be some other reasons for him refusing to help. I saw Tom with some other fellow students. Tom runs faster than any other student in his class。the other表示“两者中的另一个”,表特指One of the murderers was caught, but the other is still at large。 I have two pictures of the Great Wall here. You have s

13、een one. Now Ill show you the other。others表示“别人，别的东西”，表泛指We should not think only of our children; there are others to be cared for also。 Others may object to this plan。the others表示“（某一范围内)其余的”，表特指The search party was divided into two groups. Some went to the right； the others went to the left。 Jenn

14、y is cleverer than any of the others in her class。another表示“（三者或三者以上的）另一个”，表泛指；“another数词复数可数名词”表示在原有基础上需要更多的东西You will have to stay here for another five days.This watch doesnt work。 I must get another one。few， a few，little，a littlefew， a few修饰可数名词，few表示否定， a few表示肯定The problem is so difficult that

15、 few people can solve it。 Only a few people can solve this problem。 a little， little修饰不可数名词或抽象名词， little表示否定， a little表示肯定There is little rainfall this spring。 Although it did not rain for the whole month， there is a little water in the pond.not a little表示“非常，修饰形容词Mrs。 Brown was not a little fat。man

16、y，muchmany用于修饰可数名词There are many books in our library.much用于修饰不可数名词Much has been done to protect our environment.some， anysome一般用于肯定句，也可用于表示反问、建议、邀请、请求的疑问句中；在希望或预料对方可能做出肯定回答的疑问句中用someSome are doctors; some are nurses.Would you like some water？I have no money at the moment。 Could you lend me some？som

17、e还表示不确定的“某一个”，其后跟单数可数名词，不用冠词The disease first broke out in some Asian country。any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中Are there any cartoon books in this store？ If there are any new magazines in the library， take some for me.any也可用于肯定句中，修饰可数名词单数，意为“(三者或三者以上中的)任何一个”You can get it at any shop。复合不定代词指人：someone, somebody用于肯定

18、句; anyone, anybody用于否定句或疑问句； everyone， everybody， no one， nobody通用I am sure someone will come to help us.Did you meet anyone on your way home？ Anybody can do this work。 Its very simple.指物：something用于肯定句； anything表示“某某,某东西”时，用于否定句和疑问句；表示“任何事，任何东西”时，用于肯定句； everything， nothing通用There was something wron

19、g with the car so he had to stop it。He looked at me and didnt say anything.I can hear nothing but your voice。something还可表示不确定的描述或数量,意为“大致，左右”； something like that 意为“大致如此”He said he had heard something like that on the radio.复合不定代词分写与合写everyone， someone, anyone指人，不与of连用； every one, some one, any one

20、指人，可与of连用Someone suggests putting off the meeting. Almost every one of us read the book。部分否定all, every, both以及every。构成的合成不定代词与not连用时，表示部分否定Not all men can be masters。Both （the) windows are not open。Not everyone likes this book.2.指示代词this, these,that，thosethis, these指空间上较近的事物； that， those指空间上较远的事物Thi

21、s is my bed. That is Lilys bed。 I like these books， but I dont like those books。在电话用语中，this介绍自己,that询问对方Hello! Is that Miss Green?-Yes, this is。 Whos that？that用来代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词，后面常伴随有限制性的修饰语，如of短语、过去分词短语或定语从句;those代替复数名词The engine of your car is better than that of mine.The book you bought yesterday costs less than that I had bought before。 The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor。 The bikes made in China are as good as those made in the USA.三、it的用法it的用法代替前面提到的名词本身I dropped my watch and it broke。 Its hard work, but I enjoy it.用作形式主语或形式宾语Its un