动词分类(瞬间动词延续性动词)

1、英语动词分类记忆主要常用不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不能跟宾语。只能用以：主+谓结构。agreedisagreequarrelshoutcrylaughwaitremainsleeprestheadexistlivedance延续动词与瞬间动词表示的动作在瞬间就可以完成,瞬间动词的完成时态不能跟表示一段时间的时间状语连用。1）用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。Hehascompletedthework.他已完成了那项工作。（表结果）Iveknownhimsincethen.我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）2）用于till/until从句

2、的差异延续动词用于肯定句，表示做直到瞬间动词用于否定句，表示到，才Hedidntcomebackuntiltenoclock.他到10点才回来。Hesleptuntiltenoclock.他一直睡到10点。典型例题Youdontneedtodescribeher.I_herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet答案B.首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，severaltimes告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.I_hereonlyafewmi

3、nutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe答案A.等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。主要常用瞬间动词arrive,borrow,buy,close,fall,finish,go,join,kill,hit,leave,lend,die,marry,open,reach,return,start,stop,recognizeseethrowIII主要及物动词。及物动词后面必须跟宾语，可以用于：主+谓+宾”；主+谓+双宾主谓宾宾补结构.acceptreceiveearngainlosemisspackfoldloadachieveadmitaffo

4、rddeclareannouncereviewadviceallowaskcheckdirectemployexpectforbidforceforgiveguidehireexcuseneednoticeletlikepersuadepermitpromisewantwish.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变continuebeginstartadvanceattendaimawakeblowbatheinsistinterruptreadwriterollpaintridereportseekrootshopfacefeedhurtgatherendclaptradestu

5、dyturnwinsmokewashstoptrysuffersellshinesetsewpaymindjoinfitfloatdropdelightdevelopbelievedivideforgetspeakeatdrownboilbendbreatheburnburstclimbcollectdelaydoubledressflyhideleadlandlearninchlackmeetmeasuresingmixopenorganizemarryracerecorddrinkspreadsmoothslowrecoverriderowimprovecallclearshutsinkf

6、earteachsharehelpcookbreakcomparecrowdremember既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。escapepartoperatereachrunrushreturnsearchsettleshootstrikespeedstampplayringhangsmellgetmanageregretdrawbeatlightdrivematchleavemovelaststandfailsucceedshakeknockweighstick主动形式表被动意义的常见动词。基本结构subj+V+adv。如，Booksofthiskindsellswel

7、l。Yourpenwritessmoothly。Yourcompositionreadswell。sellreadwritewearkeepdrawcuttearactlockrentwashbreakcookcleanopenworkout常没有被动语态而容易误用被动式的动词。如,Heavylossesweresufferedbythem。（错）。Theysufferedheavylosses。（对）havefitlacksuitholdcostsufferlastbecomestandbelongtodependonhappentakeplacebreakoutturnout英语中一些常用

8、进行时或现在时表将来的动词。如，Themeetingbeginsat1：30intheafternoon。IvewonaholidayfortwotoFlorida。Iamtakingmymum。comegoleavestartdrivemovebegintakefallarrivereturnsetofflandfly英语中一些常用过去完成时或过去时表示未曾实现的愿望，打算或意图。如，Theyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldntaffordanytime。-Whyhaventyouboughtanybutter?ImeanttobutIforgotaboutit.hopeexp

9、ectmeanintendsupposewantthink形式上主句否定饿而实际上否定转移的动词，这类动词之后可接so或not代替从句。如,Idontthinktheyhavemadetheirminds，haventthey？Isyourbrothergoingwithyou?Ithinknot.或Idontthinkso.thinkbelieveexpectimaginesupposefancy注意：hopeguessfearfancy不能否定转移，只能说Iguessnot而不能说Idontguessso。常见的只跟带to的动词不定式作宾语的及物动词或短语。wantwishhopeexpe

10、ctwouldlike/lovecarechooselearndesirelongplanpreparemeandesignagreepromiseofferrefuseaskbegdemandintenddecidedeterminemakeuponesmindtendbothertroublemanagetryattemptaffordpretendaimtryonesbesthavenochoicebut注意：动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout

11、,explain,telldiscoverdiscussaskPleaseshowushowtodothat.Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcantmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.XI.常见的跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词或短语。即，动词+宾语+(todo)commandcompelconsiderdeclaredriveenableencouragefindforbidforceguesshireimagineinduceinforminstructinvitejudgeknowlikeorderpermitp

12、ersuaderemindreportrequestrequireselectsendstatesupposetellthinktraintrustunderstandurgewarn例句：a.Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.b.Webelievehimtobeguilty.注意：promiseknowhopedemand常见的不跟带to的动词不定式作宾补的及物动词let,have,makesee,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,findXII.动词及短语后加doing作宾语V

13、.+doingsthadmitappreciateavoidcompleteconsiderdelaydenyendureenjoyescapepreventfancyfinishimaginemindmissadmittoprefbr.tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttosticktobebusylookforwardtoto为介词)nogood,nouse,beworth.giveupcanthelp,Itsnouse/goodbetiredoffeellikebefondofbeproudofthinkof/aboutputoffkeeponup

14、onsetaboutbesuccessfulininsistoncounton/goodattakeupburstoutprevent.from.举例(1)Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?(2)Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.注意：动词ing形式与不定式语义不同的有12组：stoptodoforgettodoremembertodoregrettodobeusedtodotrytodogoontodoafraidtodointerestedtodomeantodostop

15、doingforgetdoingrememberdoingregretdoingbeusedtodoingtrydoinggoondoingafraiddoinginteresteddoingmeandoingbegin/starttodobegin/startdoingcanthelptodocanthelpdoingX.表示据说或相信的词组believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understandItissaidthat.据说Itisreportedthat.据报道Itisbelievedthat

16、.大家相信Itishopedthat.大家希望Itiswellknownthat.众所周知Itisthoughtthat.大家认为Itissuggestedthat.据建议Itistakengrantedthat.被视为当然Ithasbeendecidedthat.大家决定Itmustberememberthat.务必记住的是例句：ItissaidthatshewillleaveforWuhanonTuesday.Itsgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience。Robertissaidtohavestudiedabroad，b