2014届高考英语一轮复习 Unit1 Friendship句式与语法全方位训练2 新人教版必修1

1、PAGE PAGE 152014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 1 Friendship句式与语法1. not.until直到才He wont leave Anhui until he visits all the places of interest there. =Not until he visits all the places of interest there will he leave Anhui.(倒装句）=It is not until he visits all the places of interest there that he will lea

2、ve Anhui.(强调句）直到游览完那儿的所有名胜他才会离开安徽。【常考用法】（1）not.until引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时表将来。（2）在强调结构中：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that.（3）在倒装结构Not until.did (或does,do,is.)+主语.中，until从句不倒装。【十年高考链接】(1)（2013福建高考）Not until he went through real hardship the love we have for our families is important.A.had he realiz

3、edB.did he realizeC.he realizedD.he had realized答案：B 题干的意思是：“直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。”由题干中句首的关键信息Not until可知此处要用部分倒装，排除C、D两项；而A项用了过去完成时，指realize表示的动作发生在从句谓语went through表示的动作之前，这显然不合逻辑，所以排除A项；而B项无论从语序还是从时态上讲，都是非常正确的。（2）（2012上海春招）It was not until 1920 American women had the chance to vote in nati

4、onal elections.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which答案：B 本题考查强调句型。此处not until 1920是被强调部分。句意：直到1920年美国妇女才在国家选举中有机会投票。（3）（2012辽宁高考）Not until he retired from teaching three years ago having a holiday abroad.A.he had consideredB.had he consideredC.he consideredD.did he consider答案：D 本题考查倒装句型。句意：直到三年前他从教学生涯中退休他才考虑出国

5、度假。not until引导的从句位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构，故排除A、C两项；由句意可知，本句应该用一般过去时。故选D。（4）（2012湖南高考）It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.before答案：B 本题考查强调句。句意：直到我来到这儿才意识到，这个地方不仅以它的美而且以它的天气出名。分析结构可知，此处为not until的强调结构“It was not until.

6、that.”，故B项正确。（5）（2010四川高考）When shall we restart our business?Not until we our plan.A.will finishB.are finishingC.are to finishD.have finished答案：D 本题考查动词的时态。句意：“我们的生意何时重新开张？” “直到完成我们的计划。”在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，用现在进行时代替将来进行时。此处为until引导的时间状语从句，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，故选D。（6）（2010江西高考）

7、Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.A.did he beginB.had he begunC.he beganD.he had begun答案：A 句意：直到他离开了家时他才意识到家对他来说是多么重要。not until置于句首引导时间状语从句时，应把主句进行部分倒装。由left一词可知应用一般过去时。（7）(2009江西高考)It was he came back from Africa that year he met the girl he would like to marry

8、.A.when;thenB.not;untilC.not until;thatD.only;when答案:C 此题考查强调句。从题干以及选项的特点可以判断出此题是强调句，强调的是not until引导的时间状语从句，再根据强调句的特点可以断定此题应该选C。在做题时若遇到以It is/was.开头的句子首先应判断其是不是强调句。方法很简单，去掉It is/was和that，如果句子结构和意义还完整，那么就是强调句;如果句子结构和意义不完整，则不是强调句。（8）(2009四川高考)Not until I came home last night to bed.A.Mum did goB.did M

9、um goC.went MumD.Mum went答案:B 本题考查倒装结构。not until引导的时间状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构。（9）(2008重庆高考)It was not until midnight they reached the campsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as答案：A 本题考查强调句。句意：直到午夜他们才到达宿营地。分析结构可知，此处是not until的强调结构，故A项正确。（10）(2007浙江高考)It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a

10、lot in common.A.was until;whenB.was until;thatC.wasnt until;whenD.wasnt until;that答案：D 本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that.句意：我们在一起待了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多共同之处。not.until.直到才（11）(2007天津高考)It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life weve actually had that lesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when答案：A 本题考查时间状

11、语从句。句意：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的，直到我们真正得到了那一启示。A项为“直到”；B项为“在以后”；C项为“自从以来”；D项为“当的时候”。（12）(2007重庆高考)It is not who is right but what is right is of importance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this答案：C 本题考查强调句型。本句为It is.that.强调句型。（13）（2005北京春招）Simon thought his computer was broken his little brother pointed out that he had f

12、orgotten to turn it on.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because答案：A 本题考查连词。句意：在他小弟弟指出他忘了打开前，西蒙一直认为他的电脑坏了。until引导时间状语从句，意为“到为止”，符合语境。（14）（2004辽宁高考）We were told that we should follow the main road we reached the central railway station.A.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.wherever答案：B 本题考查连词。句意：我们被告知我们应该沿着主路一直到达中心火车站。unt

13、il到为止，符合语境。2. get sth.done使某物被【常考用法】get his works recognized 使他的作品得到认可 get himself known 使他自己出名get her hair cut 剪她的头发 get his car repaired 修他的车【句式链接】get sb.to do 使某人做某事 get sb./sth.doing 使某人/某物【十年高考链接】(1)(2012四川高考) Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car .A.washedB.washC.washin

14、gD.to wash答案：A 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 句意：在开车进入这个城市之前，你需要把车洗一下。wash与your car之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补，表示被动。（2）(2010辽宁高考)Alexander tried to get his work in the medical circles.A.to recognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized答案：D 本题考查非谓语动词。 句意：亚历山大努力想让他的工作在医学领域得到认可。get/have sth.done为固定用法，意为“使某事被”，sth.与done之间为被动关系

15、。故选D。此处recognize意为“认可，赏识”。3. while doing在做某事的时候While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。They are building a new factory while expanding the old one.他们一面扩建旧厂,一面建设新厂。【常考用法】当when,while,unless,as if，though等引导时间、条件、方式和让步状语从句，若从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，

16、且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，构成省略句句型。【十年高考链接】（1）（2013江西高考）If to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once.A.askedB.to askC.askingD.having asked答案：A 句意：如果被要求为他人照看行李，请立即通知警察。主句为祈使句，省略了主语you，根据语境可知，条件状语从句中ask与you之间为动宾关系，故选A项。（2）(2013浙江高考)There are some health problems that,when in

17、time,can become bigger ones later on.A.not treatedB.not being treatedC.not to be treatedD.not having been treated答案：A 题干的意思是：“有一些健康问题，如果不能得到及时治疗，以后就会变得越来越严重。”分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句的省略。本句还原为.when they are not treated in time.,when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,故正确答案为A项。B项为分词的进行式，表示被动和进行；C项为动词不定式的被动语态，表示动作尚未发生；D项为分

18、词的完成式，表示动作先于主句动作发生。B、C、D三项均不符合句意和句法结构。此句that.部分实际上是分隔式定语从句。定语从句that can become bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔开来了。(3)（2013福建高考） Anyone,once positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.A.to be testedB.being testedC.testedD.to test答案：C 题干的意思是：一旦H

19、7N9禽流感病毒被检测为阳性，任何人都会受到我们政府的免费医治。 由题干中的关键信息once可知此处为时间状语从句的省略。根据状语从句中省略的条件：“当主从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，并且从句的谓语含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和动词be一起省略”，逆推可将该从句还原为“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”，并且时间状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，所以该题目自然是省略了“anyone is”。 解答这类题目需要抓住句中的关键信息，准确理解句子含义。（4）（2012大纲全国高考）Film has a much shorte

20、r history,especially when such art forms as music and painting.A.having compared toB.comparing toC.compare toD.compared to答案：D 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。 句意：电影的历史很短，特别是与音乐和绘画等艺术形式相比较时。compare与film之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。（5）（2010浙江高考）The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if regularly,can improve our

21、 health.A.being carried outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out答案：C 本题考查状语从句的省略。 句意：实验表明如果有规律地进行适量的运动（锻炼），会增进我们的健康。此处if引导省略句，补全应为：if proper amounts of exercise are carried out regularly。根据省略的原则，把相同的主语和be动词省去，就只剩下if carried out regularly。（6）(2009湖南高考)Every evening after dinner， if not from work，

22、 I will spend some time walking my dog.A.being tiredB.tiringC.tiredD.to be tired答案：C 本题考查过去分词形式的形容词用于“连词+分词/形容词”结构，在句中作状语。句意:每天晚上饭后，如果我不因工作而感到累的话，我会抽出些时间遛狗。if not from work的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，根据句式结构可知此处应该使用tired，该句是if I am not tired from work的省略。be tired from表示“因而疲劳”。（7）(2008福建高考)Who should be responsible

23、for the accident?The boss,not the workers.They just carried out the order .A.as toldB.as are toldC.as tellingD.as they told答案：A 本题考查as引导的方式状语从句及其省略。as told=as they were told,此处是as引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词含有be动词时，将从句的主语和be动词省略。又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系，排除C、D两项。根据此处的时态可知应选A。（8）(2007全国高考)We all know

24、 that, the situation will get worse.A.not if dealt carefully withB.if not carefully dealt withC.if dealt not carefully withD.not if carefully dealt with答案：B that后跟宾语从句，宾语从句中含有一个主从复合句，if从句使用了省略句式，完整的形式应为if it is not carefully dealt with,it指代主句中的the situation。（9）(2007四川高考)The flowers his friend gave h

25、im will die unless every day.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.to water答案：A 本题考查省略句。unless,if,when,though等引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，从句中又含有be动词时，常把主语和be动词省略。此处应为unless they are watered。因此A项正确。4.before【常考用法】（1）表示“在之前就”。Mary had finished her homework before her mother returned.玛丽在她妈妈回来前就完成了作业。（2）表示“过了多久后才，动作进行到什么程度

26、才”。The man almost knocked me down before he saw me.那个人差点撞上我后才看见我。They walked about 30 miles to the west before they saw a village.他们朝西走了大约30英里后才看见一个村子。（3） 表示“来不及； 尚未就” 。He ran off before I could stop him.我没来得及阻止他，他就跑了。（4）表示“刚就”。I had hardly sat down before the bell rang.我刚坐下铃声就响了。（5）表示“不知不觉就； 还没弄清楚就

27、”。Time passed quickly and three months went by before I knew it.时间过得飞快，不知不觉三个月过去了。（6）表示“宁愿，决不，与其，毋宁”，常与will 或would 连用。I would die before I would give in.我宁死不屈。（7）表示“否则；以免”。I will write it down before I forget it.我把它写下来以免忘记。（8）用于句型“It was +时间段+before.”,表示 “过了多久才”。 It was three days before he came bac

28、k.三天后他才回来。（9）用于句型 “It was not long +时间段+before.” ，意为“不久就”。It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久之后他感觉到了这个位置的危险。（10）用于句型“It will be (not)+时间段+before.”，表示“要过多久/不久才”。It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.过半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。【句式链接】It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时的句

29、子 自以来多长时间了【十年高考链接】（1）（2013湖南高考）You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason you reach any decision.A.althoughB.beforeC.becauseD.unless答案：B although “虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；before“在之前”，引导时间状语从句；because “因为”，引导原因状语从句；unless “除非”，引导条件状语从句。题干的意思是：“做任何决定之前,你必须学会尊重自己的情感与理智。”空格前后的时间先后意味较为明显，所以答案为B项。 （2

30、）(2010陕西高考)John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since答案：C 本题考查连词。句意：约翰认为他不久就会为他的新工作做好准备。It wont be long before.是一个常用的句式，意思是“不久就会”。（3）（2010福建高考）The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly,and her friend rushed out to greet her.A.beforeB.unt

31、ilC.asD.since答案：A 本题考查连词。句意：这个女孩刚一按门铃，门就突然开了，她的朋友冲出去迎接她。before在之前，还没有;until直到；as当的时候；since自从以来。根据句意选A项。题干中hardly.before.实际上为一固定句式，意思是“刚就”，相当于hardly.when.。（4）(2009上海高考) You cant borrow books from the school library you get your student card. A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as 答案：A 本题考查连词的词义辨析。句意：在得到学生证之后，你才可以从学

32、校图书馆借书。if是否，假如，while在期间，as当的时候，均不符合题意。before在本题中表示“之后才”。（5）(2008北京高考)Im sorry youve been waiting so long,but itll still be some time Brian gets back.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after答案：A 本题考查时间状语从句的连接词。句意：对不起让你久等了，但是还得再过一段时间布赖恩才回来。故空格处须用before表示“在之前，直到才”。（6）(2007安徽高考)The field research will take Joan and

33、 Paul about five months;it will be a long time we meet them again.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when答案：B 本题考查before引起的时间状语从句的用法。主句为一般将来时时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。（7）(2007江西高考)He was told that it would be at least three more months he could recover and return to work.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that答案：B 本题考查时间状语从句的引导词。由It

34、+be+时间段+before从句“要过多久才”可知，此处用before。句式“It is/has been+时间段+since从句”，表示“自从以来已有多长时间”。（8） （2005山东高考）It was some time we realized the truth.A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before答案：D 本题考查连词。句意：过了一段时间后我们才意识到事情的真相。分析结构可知，此处是“It was+时间段+before+一般过去时的句子”这一句式，故D项正确。（9） (2005广东高考)The American Civil War lasted four years

35、 the North won in the end.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.then 答案：C 本题考查连词。句意：美国南北战争持续了4年后北方最后赢了。before此处意为“之后才”。（10） （2004福建高考） Scientists say it may be five or six years it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when答案：C 本题考查连词。句意：科学家们说得过五六年后这种药才可能在病人身上试验。It will be+时间段

36、+before+一般现在时的句子意为“之后才”。5. Its.that强调句型It was at three oclock that I arrived in Mount Huang.我是三点钟到达的黄山。It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons.是玩电脑游戏使这个男孩花了他很多本应该学习的时间。【句式链接】陈述句： It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他.一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他

37、?特殊疑问句：疑问词+is/was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他?【十年高考链接】(1)(2013新课标全国高考) It was only after he had read the papers Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what答案：B 题干的意思是：“直到他读了文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面前的任务非常难完成。”本句为强调句型，强调状语only after he had read the papers。 根据强调

38、句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+that+剩余部分.”可知选B。 此外，我们也可以将It is/was与空格去掉来验证此句是不是一个强调句。（2）(2013重庆高考)It was with the help of the local guide the mountain climber was rescued.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.how答案：B 题干的意思是：“正是在当地导游的帮助下那位爬山者获救了。”这是一个It is/was.that.强调句型。判断的标准是：把It is/was和that去掉，然后调整句子的顺序看句子是否成立。如果成立，就是强调句型,反之则不是。

39、而本题将It was和that去掉并调整顺序后为“The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local guide.”，句子完整无缺，因此是强调句型，所以答案为B项。（3）（2013天津高考） It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own plan.A.thatB.whereC.whyD.when答案：A 本题考查强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分.句意：直到快写到信的结尾的时候，她才提到了自己的计划。句中被强调的部分

40、是时间状语not until near the end of the letter。（4）(2012湖南高考）It was not until I came here I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.before答案：B 本题考查强调句型。句意：直到我来到这里我才意识到这个地方不仅因为它的美丽而闻名，还因它的天气而闻名。句中出现not until结构，且not与until放在一起使用。能够出现这种情况的句型有两种：It is/was

41、 not until.that.强调句型；Not until+部分倒装句。根据句子结构可确定答案。此外，我们也可以将It is/was与空格去掉来验证此句是不是一个强调句。（5）（2012上海高考）Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm?No,it was by improving work efficiency.A.whenB.whatC.howD.that答案：D 本题考查特殊句式。本题是强调句，对by cutting down staff进行强调。句意：“是不是通过裁员她拯救了公司的命运？”“不是，是通过提高工作效率来拯救的。”（6

42、）（2012重庆高考） It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng He sailed to East Africa.A.whenB.thatC.afterD.since答案：B 本题考查强调句。分析结构可知，此处考查强调句型，是对“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”进行强调。根据强调句的基本句型“It is/was.that/who.”可知，B项正确。（7）（2011重庆高考）Have you seen the f

43、ilm Under the Hawthorn Tree?Of course,I have.It was in our village it was made.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.which答案：A 本题考查强调句型。句意：“你看过电影山楂树之恋吗？”“当然，我看过。它就是在我们村里拍摄的。”依据强调句型的结构“It is/was +被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分.”可知选A。弄清强调句型的基本结构是解题的关键。（8）（2011四川高考）Was it on a lonely island he was saved one month after the boat wen

44、t down?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what答案：B 本题考查强调句型在一般疑问句中的应用。句意：是不是船沉了以后一个月他才在一个孤岛上被救？根据句中出现的Was it及强调句型的判断方法可确定该题考查强调句型。where，which和what均不能构成强调句型。判断强调句的方法是把it is/was和that去掉，若剩下的句子在结构及意义上均完整，则为强调句。要熟练掌握强调句型的基本句式结构及其判断方法。（9）(2011湖南高考)Its not what we do once in a while shapes our lives,but what we do cons

45、istently.A.whichB.thatC.howD.when答案：B 本题考查强调句式。牢记各种特殊句式是解答此类题的关键。句意：不是我们偶尔而是我们始终如一做的事情塑造了我们的生活。此处为强调句式。（10）(2011陕西高考)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do benefits our work most.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案：C 本题考查强调句式。句意：对我们的工作最有益的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对所做的事情注入了多少爱。本句是一个强调句，其结构是：It

46、is/was.that/who.因为所强调的是not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do,所以选that。另外，强调句式常与定语从句结合起来考查。如：It was the words that he spoke that made the teacher angry.（11）（2010湖南高考）Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.A.whyB.whenC

47、.whichD.that答案：D 句意：约翰的成功和好运气没有关系，正是多年的努力工作成就了今天的他。本题考查强调句型，强调主语years of hard work。故D项正确。（12）（2010安徽高考）It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which答案：B 句意：仅仅用她从村庄里买来的一些简单的东西，女主人就做了一顿丰盛的晚餐。从句式看此句是强调句，故选B项。（13）(2009

48、浙江高考)Ive read another book this week.Well，maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it答案：D 本题考查不定代词it的特殊用法。分析答语的句子结构可知此处构成It is.that.强调句型，被强调部分是not how much you read but what you read。(14)(2009江西高考)It was he came back from Africa that year he met the girl he w

49、ould like to marry.A.when;thenB.not;untilC.not until;thatD.only;when答案：C 本题考查强调句。从题干以及选项的特点可以判断出此题是强调句，强调的是not until引导的时间状语从句，再根据强调句的特点可以判断出此题应该选C。在做题时若遇到以It is/was.开头的句子首先应判断其是不是强调句。方法很简单，去掉It is/was和that，如果句子结构和意义还完整，那么就是强调句;如果句子结构和意义不完整，则不是强调句。(15)(2008全国高考)It was in New Zealand Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.A.thatB.howC.whichD.when答案：A 本题考查强调句。句意：正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到史密斯先生。It+is/was+被强调成分+that.为强调句句型。(16)(2008天津高考)It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A.howB.whichC.thatD.where答案：C 本题考查强调句式。此处构成It was.that.强调句式，句中强调了介词短语along the Mississippi River