人教版高中英语高二英语必修五Unit1+unit2同步学案

1、人教版高中英高二英语必修五Unit 1 Great scientists精品同步学案课标导航【课文导读】The Four Great Inventions of ancient ChinaThe Compass: Scientist Shen Kuo in the Song Dynasty in Its Meng Xi Bi Tan in the records he introduced how to make the needle point Gunpowder : originated in ancient Chinese alchemy.Papermaking : Yuanxing t

2、he first year of the Eastern Han ( 105), Cai Lun invented paper making operation.Printing : During the Song dynasty, Bi Sheng invented the moveable type of printingOther world famous scientistsThomos A. Edison : inventor of the light bulb“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent per

3、spiration”Galilleo Galilei: inventor of the telescope“You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him to find it within himself.”Marie Curie: discover of the radium“Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.”Charles Darwin: The Origin of Species.【课标要求】知识与技能本单元主要话题是“科学家如何以探索

4、，钻研，无谓的科研精神验证未知的科学真理。”了解著名医生John Snow，哥白尼等科学家以及他们的作为和故事。学习表示意愿，希望和建议的句型。学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构。学习策略学生通过思考、调查、搜集信息、讨论、交流、合作等方式，学习和使用英语完成学习任务。情感态度与价值观 通过本单元的学习，学生感悟科学家的周密观察、勇于探索、认真分析的科学精神，加强了对学生品格素养的培养，也陶冶了学生的情操。知识盘点【字词回顾】1._ 提出 2._ 得出结论 3._ vt. 打败; 战胜; 使受挫. n. 失败 _ vt. 照顾; 护理；出席； 参加 5._ vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 6._ n.

5、 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗 7._ n.挑战 vt. 向.挑战 8._ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 9._ vt.怀疑 n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯 10._ vt. 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备 11._ vt. 污染；弄脏 12._ n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵 13._ n.vt. 将和联系起来 14._ vt. 宣布；通告 _ vivt. 捐献；贡献；捐助 16._ 除之外；此外 17._ 对严格的 18._ 讲得通；有意义 19._ vivt.（使）旋转；纺（线或纱） 20._ vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃 【句型平台】But he became _ when he thought

6、 about helping ordinary people _ _cholera.但当他要想到要帮助（那些）受到霍乱威胁的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奋。So many thousands of _ people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies _ _.为了防止这种情况再发生，约翰.斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。_ _ t

7、he construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过一下的一些短语。Only if you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky_ _. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。【交际用语】描述人物：Describing peopleHow will I recognize you?You can recognize me because What

8、 will you wear?I will wear a What do you look like?I look likeWhat special features do you have?Im tall/ short，fat/ thin，young/ old How will I know you?I have large / small, brown/ grown/ black eyes with 课文精讲Section I Warming Up- Reading-Comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scienti

9、fic research? 你知道如何证明科研方面的新观点吗？句中how to prove a new idea in scientific research为“疑问词 + 不定式短语”结构在句中作宾语。这种结构在句中可以作主语( S)、宾语( O )、表语( P )。这类疑问词有what，how，when，where，which，whether等。【典例精析】（1）What to do has not been decided. ( S )（2）I want to know how to deal with it. ( O )（3）The problem is where to travel

10、. ( P )2. Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？put forward 提出；提前，把（时钟）往前拨同义词有：come up；come up with；put back ( 把钟表拨慢；放回 ) 【典例精析】Some scientists put forward new ideas on the development of economy.一些科学家提出了关于经济发展的新见解。Can you put forward a plan better than the one under consideration?

11、你能提出比这个正在考虑中的计划更好的计划吗？His watch was five minutes slow, so he had to put it forward.他的手表慢了五分钟，所有他不得不把它朝前拔5分钟。【辨析拓展】Put away 把收起来；放好Put aside 储存备用；储蓄Put off 推迟；延期Put up 举起；张贴Put out 发布；扑灭（ 火等 ）Put on 演出；穿上；增加 （ 体重 ）【巩固提高】单项选择The famous scientist has _ a new theory.A. put off B. put up C. put out D. pu

12、t forward 3. conclude vt.& vi.结束；判断出；议定【典例精析】We concluded our meeting at 9 oclock.我们九点钟结束了会议。The movie concluded with a happy ending.这部电影以大团圆作为结束。【辨析拓展】conclusion n.结论；推断出；议定相关搭配：make a conclusion 下结论arrive at/ come to/ draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion 最后；总之at the conclusion of 当完结后come to the con

13、clusion that所得出结论是；断定leap/jump to a conclusion 贸然断定，过早下结论We draw a conclusion from his red face that he had been lying.我们从他的脸变红得出结论：他一直在撒谎。We came to the conclusion that he was a thief.我们得到的结论是，他是一个小偷。【巩固提高】单项选择She came to _ conclusion that he had forgotten the meeting.A. a B. / C. the D. an 4. John

14、 snow defeats “ king cholera”“霍乱王” defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使挫折 n. 失败、输【典例精析】The French defeated the English troops.法国人打败了英国军队。The task defeated me！这任务把我难倒了！The team has suffered several defeats recently.球队最近多次败北。Ill never admit defeat.我决不会认输。【辨析拓展】辨析：defeat, win和beat的区别defeat 可表示在战斗、竞争、比赛中击败对手，后接sb.beat主要用

15、于比赛、竞争中击败对手，后接sb.beat和defeat为同义词，它们的宾语必须是人或一个集体，如a team，a class，a school，an army。二者常可替换使用。（3）win意为“赢得；获胜”，它常跟的宾语有game，war，prize，fame，battle等。We beat their team by 8 points. 我们赢了他们队八分。 They are always defeated but never beaten. 他们虽然屡战屡败，但从未被彻底打垮。They won the battle but lost many men. 他们取得了这次战斗的胜利，但牺牲

16、了很多人。【巩固提高】用defeat，beat与win的正确形式填空We _ the football game yesterday. He _ all his opponents in the election. I had to admit that I was _. 5. John Snow was a famous doctor in London- so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名医生-他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。Atte

17、nd vt.& vi. 照顾；护理；出席；参加【典例精析】Who is attending you?谁在照顾你？He didnt attend his classes for illness.他因生病没有上学。【辨析拓展】attend school 上学（= go to school ）attend a lecture/movie 听演讲、看电影attend church 去教堂 （= go to church ）attend to 处理；专心于；照料【巩固提高】单项选择- Would you like to _ my cat for ten days while Im in China?-

18、Id like to, but I have to _ a meeting in one week.A. attend to; attend B. attend; joinC. attending; take part in D. attend to; join in词汇辨析join, take part in, attend, join injoin表示参加某一团体、组织、机构，并作为其中一员（如：入党、入团、入会、参军等） He joined the Labour Party/this company in 1999. 他1999年加入了工党/这家公司。 take part in 参与，参

19、加某种活动； 参加歌咏小组(take part in the singing group)join in: to take part in an activity 参加(活动)We all joined in the singing.我们大家一起唱歌attend 出席，参加，照顾；护理But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助那些受到霍乱威胁的老百姓，他就感到振奋。句中的inspired and exposed to cholera都是过去分词

20、短语在句中分别作表语和定语（此句中是放在名词的后面修饰名词故为后置定语）。【典例精析】The window is broken.（broken作表语）窗户破了。They were frightened at the sad sight. （frightened作表语）他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到害怕。Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. (elected作后置定语修饰those )。当选为委员的人将出席这次会。The question discussed at the meeting has not been dec

21、ided.( discussed作后置定语修饰 the question ).在会议上讨论的问题还没有决定。expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光【典例精析】The soil was washed away by the flood, exposing bare rocks.土壤被洪水冲走，露出光秃秃的岩石。He didnt want to expose his fear and worry to anyone.他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。【辨析拓展】相关搭配：be exposed to(to为介词)暴露于exposedto把暴露于之下expose oneself to sbs inf

22、luence 使自己受到某人的影响【巩固提高】完成句子（1）He _ _ _ all kinds of weather.他饱经风吹雨打。（2）She _ herself _ to the hot sun 她把自己暴露在烈日下。Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。句中的neithernor 表示“既不也不”，用来联结两个并列成分。联结两个并列的主语时，谓语动词与靠近的名词、代词在人称和数上保持一致，即“谓语就近原则”。适合用“谓语就近原则”的短语还有：or/eitheror/nor/whether

23、or/not onlybut also/notbut等【典例精析】Neither the teacher nor the students are to blame.Neither the students nor the teacher is to blame.学生和老师都不应该受到指责。Not only he but also I like the movie.不光是他，我也喜欢这部电影。cure n.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗；纠正，消除（坏习惯）等【典例精析】You cured me completely.你完全治愈了我。Can you cure me of my cough?你能治我

24、的咳嗽吗？There is no easy cure for high inflation.目前没有解决高通货膨胀的良策。The government put forward a program to cure unemployment.政府提出一个解决失业问题的规划。We must take measures to cure childrens bad habits.我们必须采取措施纠正孩子们的坏习惯。【辨析拓展】辨析：cure与treat的区别cure意为“治愈”，强调结果，侧重“治好”。cure sb. of sth.treat意为“治疗”，强调过程，侧重“治”。treat sb. fo

25、r sth.【巩固提高】单项选择They have discovered a new _ for the disease.A. treatment B. cureC. way D. method 8. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。terrified 过去分词作定语修饰people，放在名词的前面故作前置定语。【典例精析】boiled water ( 开水 ) fallen leaves ( 落叶 ) newly arrived g

26、oods ( 新到的货 ) the risen sun ( 升起的太阳 ) the changed world ( 变了的世界 ) 此处terrified过去分词做定语，意为“恐惧的；受惊吓的”。其动词原形是terrify，意为“使害怕；吓坏”。be terrified into sth./doing sth.意为“恐吓某人做某事”。The terrified child ran home.受惊的孩子跑回了家。My son was terrified into crying.我儿子被吓得哭了起来。every time此处every time用来引导时间状语从句。时间状语从句还可以由下列副词（短

27、语）来引导，如：each time， the first/last time，the moment/minute，immediately，directly，instantly等。【典例精析】The moment I heard the news，I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。Each time he came to Beijing，he would call on me. 他每次来北京，总是来看我。Directly the teacher came in，everyone was quiet.老师一进来大家就静下来了。9. The first

28、suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.第一种看法是霍乱在空气中无缘无故地繁殖着。【典例精析】此句中suggest意为“暗示；间接表明”，不使用虚拟语气。The disorganized meeting suggested bad preparation.混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。The white on her face suggested fear.他苍白的面容表明他的恐惧。【辨析拓展】suggest意为“暗示；间接表明”。不能使用虚拟语气，要用陈述语气。意为“建议”时，其后的从句要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语由s

29、hould加动词原形构成，或跟名词、动名词。My mother suggested (my) getting a job in a school.我妈妈建议我在学校找个工作。She suggested we ( should ) leave at once.她建议我们立刻离开。【巩固提高】单项选择( 1 ) I asked the teacher about my result if the exam. She said nothing, but her smile suggested that I _ the exam.A. should pass B. passC. will pass D

30、. had passed( 2 ) - She suggested the experiment _ at once.- OK. Lets start.A. to he done B. be doneC. must do D. is done10. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心【典例精析】So many good ideas! Its too much for

31、 me to absorb all at once.这么多好主意!太多了,很难一下完全吸收。The drug is absorbed through the skin.该药通过皮肤吸收。She was soon absorbed in her book. 她很快就专心看书了。【辨析拓展】相关搭配：absorbed into 吸收be absorbed in 专心于The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。【巩固提高】单项选择_ i

32、n thought，he couldnt see me come into his room.A. Absorbed B. AbsorbingC. To be absorbed D. Having absorbed 11. It seemed the war was to be blamed.看来水是罪魁祸首。blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n.过失；责备；责难；非难【典例精析】I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.我准备承担这一错误的责任。He always tried to blame other people when thin

33、gs go wrong.出了问题他总试图怪罪他人。They were not to blame for the accident.他们不应对那次事故承担责任。Its not fair that you should get the blame.你受到责备是不公平的。【辨析拓展】be to blame 应对某事承担责任blame sb. for sth.因某事而受责怪blame sth. on sb./ sth. 把归咎与某人/某事put/ lay the blame on sb. 认为某人对某事有责任take/ bear the blame for sb. 某人承担某事的责任【巩固提高】单项选

34、择The careless driver is _ for the traffic accident that was happened yesterday.A. to blame B. to be blame C. blaming D. blamed 12. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.下一步，约翰。诺斯调查了这两条街是的水源。look into 调查，窥视，观看，向的里面看【典例精析】They set up a committee to look into the mat

35、ter.他们建立了一个委员会去调查这件事。【辨析拓展】Look的短语Look at 看，查看look after 照看，照管look ahead 向前看；展望未来look back 回头看；回顾look down upon/on 看下面，俯视；蔑视，看不起look for寻找look forward to 盼望，期待look on 观看；旁观look out 向外看；注意，当心，小心，警惕look through 从头看完，透视；审核，查看look up 查阅（字典，资料）；查询【巩固提高】完成句子（1）He _ ( 阅读了许多期刊 ) before he started the resear

36、ch project.（2）The mayor_ ( 承诺调查其原因 ) to see whether it was designed, or it just happened by accident.（3）_ ( 我的朋友照料我的猫 ) while I was on holiday.13. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.约翰。斯诺马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水

37、泵就用不成了。astonished 此处是过去分词的形式的形容词，用作前置定语14. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。Link to 把与连接；联系。【典例精析】Evidence has been found linking the group to a series of bomb attacks.

38、已有证据证明该集团与一系列炸弹袭击有关。【辨析拓展】相关搭配：link A with B 使A和B联系起来link up(with) 连接；结合join A to B 把A和B连接（直接相连）connect A with B 通过B与A连接【巩固提高】We can _ the students _ the school committee through students union.A. link；to B. link；forC. combine；to D. combine；with 15.To prevent this from happening again，John Snow sugg

39、ested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.为了阻止这种情况再次发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。【典例精析】to prevent this from happening again在句中作目的状语，表示的是主语的目的，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。To finish the job on time，I worked day and night.为了能按时完成工作，我日夜工作。【辨析拓展】suggest在此处意为

40、“建议”，其后的宾语从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。He suggested that I (should) get up early tomorrow.他建议我明天早点起床。examine vt.检查；诊察；考察；测验【典例精析】We have our suitcases examined at the airport.我们的行李在机场都经过了检查。The doctor examined her stomach.医生检查了她的胃部。【辨析拓展】examine, test ,check的区别examine 是检查是否出了毛病的意思相当于to see if the

41、re is something wrong.eg. Doctor, i wonder if you can exmine me. check 是核实,核对的意思,相当于to see if it is right or not eg. Look at the sentence on the blackboard and check your own answers. test是检测 调试的意思,相当于 to see if it can work or to meet the need eg. Before a plane is put into service, it should be tes

42、ted first.【自我测评】. 单词拼写（根据句意及所给首字母写出下列单词）1.If you fail in the exam, the only person to b_ is yourself. 2.I think AIDS can be d_ in a few years time. 3.The young man is devoted to s_ research in the lab. 4.The government will a_ its economic policies. 5.I didnt catch what you sad. Could you r_ it? 6.W

43、e can not draw a c_ until we have enough analysis. 7.The clever boy a_ all the knowledge the teacher could give him. 8.The baby stopped crying _(立即；马上) it saw its mother. 9.All the results should be _(分析) carefully before they are made known. 10.That was such a s_ （严重的）flood that it swept away every

44、thing in the town. .用所给单词的正确形式填空1. They were _ (defeat) in the basketball match. 2. The writer was _ (absorb) in his reading that he ignored the bell rang. 3. The watch he gave to me is _ (value). 4. Can you _ (analyse) the sentence for us? 5. Do you know how to prove a new idea in _(science) resear

45、ch. III. 单项选择1. （09年高考江西卷）_ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars. A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given2. （09年高考北京卷）All of them try to use the power of the work station _ information in a more effective way. A. presentingB. p

46、resentedC. being presentedD. to present3. （09年高考上海卷） Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. A. having held B. to hold C. holding D. hold4. （09年高考江西卷）It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of two missing children. A. look upon B. look after C.

47、 look into D. look out5. The writer _ his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.A. absorbed B. was absorbed C. was absorbed in D. was absorbing in6. My luggage was _ at the Customs when I entered the country.A. examined B. tested C. observed D. investigated7. （09年高考江西卷） The govern

48、ment plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced8. He felt that he was _ for the coldness that had grown between them.A. to be blame B. blame C. blamed D. to blame9. （09年高考浙江卷） Practising

49、Chinese kung fu can not only ones strength, but also develop ones character. A bring up B take up C build up D pull up10. （09年高考安徽卷） The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture Aproduced Bbeing producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced IV. 根据提示，翻译下列句子1. That the skin is often _（

50、暴露在阳光下 ）does harm to health. （expose）2. Who has _ ( 提出了 ) such a good idea? （put）3. After heated discussion _( 他们最终得出了结论 ). （conclusion）4. Whenever you are in classroom，you will find him_ ( 在全神贯注地看书 ). （absorb）5. The new road will _ ( 把这个镇和其它镇连接起来 ). ( link ) V. 完形填空Chinese scientists are again beco

51、ming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it wont be too long before they are able to _1_ its existence. Their confidence is the _2_ of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _3_, enjoying a holiday in a National Fores

52、t Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _4_ by what they saw. Three _5_ animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _6 _ them. _7_, when they saw how the animals moved through

53、 the forest with great _8 _ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.The men did not take any _9_. However, scientists are _10_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _11_ what they described.After the discovery, scientists ret

54、urned to the forest and _12_ some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animals foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a _13_ of the forest. But in the meantime, some people _14_ to believe that this half-man, half-monkey e

55、xists. They will not believe that it is _15_ until one of the animals have been caught.1. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check2. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation3. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers4. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired5. A. trained B.

56、projected C. tall D. violent6. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after7. A. However B. Indeed C. MeanwhileD. Anyway8. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure9. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs10. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported11. A. rely on B. deal w

57、ith C. write down D. pass on12. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore13. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study14. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have15. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correctSection Learning about LanguageUsing Language1 contribute vt.&vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助【典例精析】He contributed 2000 to the Red Cro

58、ss.他捐助了2000英镑给红十字会。She often contributes to a newspaper.她经常给一家报纸投稿。She seldom contributes to the discussion. 她在讨论中很少发言。【辨析拓展】（1）contribute .to（ doing ）sth把贡献给 contribute to（ doing ）sth 有助于，促成（2）contribution作名词，意为“贡献；捐赠”。 make a contribution/contributions to ( doing ) sth 对.作出贡献Would you like to make

59、 a contribution to our funds？你愿意给我们的基金捐些钱吗？【巩固提高】单项选择He _ an article to the China Daily.A. contributed B. owedC. devoted D. wrote 2. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构外，你们也必须掌握下面的短语。apart from 除之外；此外【典例精析】Apart from a few scratches，the

60、car was undamaged.除了几处刮痕外，汽车没有什么损坏。Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me.这条裤子不但太大,而且我穿着也不合适。【辨析拓展】同义词有：except 除外except for 除外besides除此之外；还包括in addition (to) 除之外(还)as well (as) 也；又【巩固提高】单项选择The composition is very good _ some spelling mistakes.A. besides B. exceptC. as well D. in addi