Unit 1 Topic Talk-Lesson1 单词讲解课件-高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

1、单词课堂版本：新北师 单元：必修Book 1 Unit 1（TOPIC TALK LESSON 1）New Term, New Aim aim 你的新学期小目标制定了吗？ aim 词源解读aim动词的基本义是“to estimate, calculate（估算；计算）”，用眼睛来估算，即“瞄准” 。aim v vt & vi (用) 瞄准；(用) 对准：I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by mistake.The pilot was aiming for the runway but came down in a nearby field. v

2、i 力求达到 to try to do or achieve sth：She aims high (= tries to achieve a lot). Were aiming for a big improvement. aim to do sth:The theatre aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing Shakespeares comedy in sign language. 2017 全国改 be aimed at (doing) sth:This activity is aimed

3、 at improving the students listening and speaking abilities. 2009 天津改 vt 常用于被动语态 针对：aim sth at sb:a programme aimed at teenagers aim n U 瞄准:Alan took aim at the target. C 目标 (goal)；目的 sth you intend to do; a purpose：achieve / realize ones aimmiss ones aimThe aim of this is to reduce air pollution. t

4、ake aim at 把目标对准；把批评的矛头指向with the aim of 旨在；目的是 aimless adj 无目的的；没有目标的 aimlessly adv 没有目标地；无目的地aim的语义网络图“瞄准”某物“瞄准”某个结果 (用) 瞄准；(用) 对准力求达到 瞄准(基本义)瞄准目标；目的 vn辨析aim, goal, target这三个词都含有“目标”之意。goal及target的目标可以是数字，如人数、销量、考试分数等；target后可接customer, market, group等词，表示“目标顾客 / 市场 / 群体”； achieve ones aim / goal /

5、 target with the aim / goal of I will try to achieve my aim / goal / target.（2018 天津改） Jane went to London with the aim / goal of finding a job. The university will reach its goal / target of 5,000 students next September. The Internet is seen as a good way of reaching target customers.（2014 福建改）保持安

6、全“距离”避免汽车追尾的方法除了预先判断之外，最直接有效的方法就是保持3秒的安全行车距离。 世界卫生组织确认新冠肺炎“大流行”以来，全球多国疫情迅速恶化。在这种严峻形势下，中国的抗疫经验受到广泛认可和借鉴，其中很重要的一条就是social distancing。 耶鲁大学的尼古拉斯克里斯塔基斯援引相关研究结果称，中国严格的social distancing措施使新冠肺炎“传染率” 从1人传染3.8人下降到0.32人。 这里的distance是名词动词化。social distancing distance 词源解读distance由前缀dis- “分离，分开（apart）”、词根-st- “站

7、立（stand）”及名词词尾-ance组成，两边分开站，即有一段“距离”。distance n C & U 距离；间距：The honey guide birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. 2012 全国改Its just a distance of 50 metres from here to the restaurant. 2011 山东改The beach is within walking distance of my house. U 单数 遥远；远处；远方：Watch the performanc

8、e on the street from a safe distance. C & U 冷淡；疏远： The coldness and distance in her voice took me by surprise. 【重要搭配】at / from a distance 有相当距离：The picture looks beautiful at a distance.in / into the distance 在远处：Farther in the distance, I could enjoy the view of snowy mountains.keep ones distance 保

9、持距离词汇拓展distant adj 遥远的；远处的；久远的：He wanted to get away from everything so he moved to a distant land. The time we spent together is now a distant memory.These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants. 疏远的；冷淡的：Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.

10、只用于名词前 远亲的 反close:He is my distant cousin / relative. distance语义网络图感情上的“距离” 空间上的“距离”遥远的“距离” 距离；间距遥远；远处；远方冷淡；疏远距离(基本义)distance疏远的；冷淡的遥远的；远处的；久远的distant远亲的感情上的“距离” 空间上的“距离”遥远的“距离” 距离；间距遥远；远处；远方冷淡；疏远距离(基本义)distancedistant 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，体会分词形容词。1. Its one of the most stressful jobs Ive got. I often feel

11、 very _ (stress).2. Im _(interest) in English because I think it is very _(interest).3. They say its _ (bore) to hear the same songs all the time.4. _ (bore) with life in the city, he moved to a village.5. Starting university can be exciting, and can also be _ (worry). 6. She was very _ (worry) abou

12、t her sick erestedinterestingBoredboringworriedworryingstressed分词形容词分词形容词：很多动词的-ing分词和-ed分词已经成为独立词条的形容词，甚至有些分词形容词比其动词形式更为常用。例如：stressed, interested / interesting, excited / exciting, bored / boring, surprised / surprising, worried / worrying, tired / tiring 将上面的分词形容词分类： 表示人的感受： 表示人/物给人带来的感

13、受：stressed, interested, excited, bored, worried, tiredinteresting, exciting, boring, worrying, tiring抽象名词比起中文来，英文不但富于抽象名词，也喜欢用抽象名词。 余光中将所给名词分类：quality, campus, distance, apartment, expectation, laptop,confidence, gym, competence, range, aim, tensioncampus, apartment, laptop, gymquality, distance, ex

14、pectation, confidence, competence, range, aim, tension具体名词抽象名词具体名词 (concrete noun) 是指现实物质世界中存在的，可触摸到或看到的人、事物、地方和实体等。抽象名词 (abstract noun) 指的是抽象的东西，如意念、情感、概念、性质、关系、状态等。翻译下列句子中的画线部分。1. She said that the watch was of good quality.2. Each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services.（2011 江西

15、）3. She visited the school with the aim of seeing the library.4. They closed the windows in expectation of rain.5. You will make better choices if you have confidence in yourself.（2015 全国改）抽象名词是英语学习中的难点和盲点。英语喜欢用名词，而汉语喜欢用动词和形容词，这是英语和汉语之间一个很重要的差异。因此，建立抽象名词的概念，学会使用抽象名词，能大大提升表达的地道性。质量好各式各样的目的是期待对有自信 Wan

16、gs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “T

17、hat is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created,” he said. “Today, man

18、y Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are,” said Wang.2018年全国III卷阅读理解C篇节选学习抽象名词很重要随堂检测confident & confidence1. Every day, youll learn some new English vocabulary

19、, idioms and phrasal verbs. And youll feel more confident _ working and making friends in English. (2010 湖北)2. Its important that children learn to read _ confidence. 3. Once you are confident _ your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones to success. (2010 广东) 4. The little gir

20、l walked _ (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first speech. (2012 陕西)aboutin / of / about confidentlywith一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1._ （自信) will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. （2015 全国）2. _ (我们相信) the environment will be i

21、mproved by our further efforts to reduce pollution. （2013 辽宁）self-confident / Being confident in yourself 二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。We are confident / We have confidence that Having confidence in yourself / Having self-confidence / Being 一、写出下列句子中recover的汉语释义。1. Once the damage is done, it will take many years

22、 for the farmland to recover. (2015 北京) _2. When a Swedish ship that sank in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed. (2006 重庆) _3. Once she nearly slipped(滑到), but somehow she recovered her balance and carried on running. _恢复常态重新获得 恢复recover二、将下列句子译成英

23、语。1.要有充足的睡眠，这会帮助我们的眼睛从疲劳中恢复过来。(2007 天津书面表达)_2. 在我的精心照料下，我妈妈迅速恢复了健康。(2013 北京书面表达)_With my special care, my mother recovered quickly.Have enough sleep, which will help our eyes recover from tiredness.一、根据句意选出challenge的最佳释义。 对质疑 向挑战；邀请比赛 考验的能力 _ 1. The job is too easy to really challenge her._ 2. Such

24、one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. (2011 重庆阅读理解)_ 3. No one has seriously challenged the champion.二、用所给词的正确形式填空。In the coming three years, our school life will be _ (challenge). (2014 江西书面表达)challengingchallenge 一、根据句意写出range的汉语释义。_ 1. Our funds were limited, and none of the ho

25、uses in our price range seemed satisfactory（令人满意的）. （2015 天津）_ 2. In recent years, stress has been regarded as a cause of a whole range of medical problems. （2016 上海）_ 3. These missiles （导弹）have a range of 300 miles. range范围一系列射程 二、完成句子。1. In addition to these traditional activities, we have _ （更多不同

26、的选择）such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends. （2013 辽宁书面表达）2. He likes doing different kinds of activities after work, _ （从游泳到打篮球）. 三、选出画线部分的同义词。_ 1. The hens range freely about the farm._ 2. Our discussion ranged over many current issues（议题）.deal with, movea wider range of choicesra

27、nging from swimming to playing basketballmovedeal withquality一、根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。1. My _（质量）of life has improved since I moved to the country.2. He has a lot of good _（品质）such as honesty and independence.二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1. This laptop _（质量好）, but its too expensive.（2011 湖北改）2. The government enco

28、urages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to_（改善水质）.（2018 全国）quality qualities is of good / high quality improve water quality aim一、在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The aim _ education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly. （2014 浙江）2. Hes aiming _ a win in thi

29、s race.3. These educational courses are aimed _ older people.4. I want to see a strong and united country in which people work together with common _ (aim).5. The measures are aimed at _ (prevent) violence.6. We aim _ (be) there around six.of at for aims preventing to be二、根据汉语完成下列句子。1. _ (他瞄得不准) and he missed the target. (aim n)2.