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1、第1页共1页英语连词的用法和总结(全)一、概述2二、并列连词的用法2()、表示转折关系的并列连词2(二)、表选择的并列连词6(三)、表示因果关系的并列连词7(四)、表示并列关系的并列连词9三、从属连词的用法11(一)、引导时间状语从句的从属连词 11(二)、引导条件状语从句的从属连词13(三)、引导目的状语从 句的从属连词16(四)、引导结果状语从句的从属连词16(五)、引 导原因状语从句的从属连词17(六)、引导让步状语从句的从属连 词19(七)、引导方式状语从句的从属连词21(八)、引导地点状语 从句的从属连词21(九)、引导比较状语从句的从属连词21()、引 导名词从句的从属连词等22四

2、、并列连词词组的用法22()、bothEmd的用法22 (二)、eitheror 的用法 22 (三)、neithefnof-的用法 23(四)、not OnIybut also的用法 23(五)、not OnIybut alSO和对称结构24五、连词总结26一、概述连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句 子,在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连 词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句 子,如and, but, or, for等;从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主 语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条 件状语从句、目的状语从句等),引出

3、名词性从句的连词如that, Whether等,引出状语从句的连词如Whent because, Sirice, if 等。二、并列连词的用法(一)、表示转折关系的并列连词。主要 有but(但是),yet(可是),wh订e(而,却)等。如:I WOUld have Written before but I have been 订1、我本该早写信 的,但我生病了。I have failed, yet I Shali try again. 我 失败了,但我还要尝试。YOU Iike tennis, WhiIe I, d rather read.你爱打网球,但我爱看书SOmeOne borrowed

4、 my pen, but I don, t remember who有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁 T o Ile Said he WaS OUr friend, yet he WOUldn, t help us、 他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。but的用法举例1、连接词或短语It WaS a SUrmy but not Very Warnl day、 那一天天气晴朗,却不太暖和。He drives not CarefUlIy but slowly.他开车不是很小心,而是开得很慢。2、连接句子 ThiS isn, t a good One but it WiII answer这不太好

5、,但可以将就用。He IOOkS honest, but actually he, S a rogue他看起来很老实,实际他是一个坏 蛋。She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer 我向他说了早上好,但他没有回应。The ice remained, but there WaS no Water underneath冰还在,但下面却没有水。Mrs. BrOWn WaS aboUt to begin, but Jennie SPOke first、 布朗夫人正要开始讲话,珍妮先讲了。At first he WaS a IittIe shy,

6、 but now he acts more natural. 开始时他有些腼 腆但现在他表现得很自然了。There WaS a IittIe trouble at first, but things Were SOOn quiet、起初有点小麻烦后来情 况就平静了。3、用于句首 BUt that question doesn, t arise、但没发 生那个问题。BUt in SeCret She WaS delighted、 但她暗中感 到高兴。BUt What else Carl We do?我们还能做什么?BUt in the end he gave in、但最后他还是让步了。BUt t

7、here, S One thing We are agreed on、但有一点大家的意见是一致的。4、用于道歉的表达之后Sorry, but we, re behind schedule、抱歉,我们落在计划后了。I, m frightfully sorry, but I Can, t See you today、太对不起了,我今天不能见你。 EXCUSe me, but I don t think that S quite true. 很抱 歉,我认为这与事实略有出入。5、用于notbut,表示不是而是NOt youbut I am to blame不是你的错而是我的错。6、用在某些否定语后,

8、表示“只Ile eats nothing but hamburgers他只吃汉堡包。She knows no One but you、 她只认识你。YOU have nobody but yourself to blame只能怪你自己。NO One but me SaW her、 只有我看见他(from www、yygrammarZZZ) o7、用于 next (IaSt)but One中,表示“隔壁再过去” “倒数第” He IiVeS in the next house but one、 他住在隔壁再过去一家。He WaS the IaSt but One to arrive他是倒数第二个

9、到的。8、can t help but 不 由得不YOU can t help butrespect them、你不由得不尊敬他们。When they gave him a ticket to the game, he COUIdn, t help but go、他们给了 他 一张看球赛的票,他不由得不去。I can, t help but WOnder What I ShOUid do next、我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。【注意】不要按汉语意思将虽然但是”直译为EIlthoughbut: 误:ThOUgh We are poor, but We are happy、(去掉though或

10、but中任一个)but与however的用法区 别两者均可表示转折或对比,意为“但是”、“可是”、“然 而”等,但有区别:1、表示转折时,but是连词。如:He is young but Very experienced、 他虽年轻,但经验很丰富。IIe has three daughters but no sons、他有3个女儿,但没有儿子o He IikeS SPOrts, but his Wife IikeS music、 他喜欢运动,而他 妻子则喜欢音乐。2、however表示“然而、“可是时,有的词书认为它 是连词,有的词书认为它是副词。之所以将其视为副词,也许是 因为像许多副词一样

11、不仅能位于句首,而且能位于句中(注意前后 使用逗号),甚至句末(注意其前也用逗号)。如:Later, however, he Changed his mind可是他后来改变了 主意。He hasn, t arrived. He may, however, COme later他还没有 到,不过他等会儿可能会来。He Said that it WaS so; he WaS mistaken, however、他说情况如此,可是他错了。注意:以上 各例中的however不能换成but,但可用but来改写。如:IIe Said that it WaS so, but he WaS mistaken、

12、他说情况如此, 可他错了。3、当连接两个句子时,其前通常应用分号,或另起新句。 女口: It, S raining hard; however, I think We ShOUid go out、 / It, s raining hard、 However, I think We ShOUld go out.雨下得很大,但我想我们还得出去。注意:上例中的 however不能换成but,但可用but来改写(注意所用标点的变 化)。如:It S raining hard, but I think We ShOUId go out、yet的用法1、yet用作连词时,与but样也主要用于转折,意为“但

13、 是” “而” :I have failed, yet I Shali try again、 我失败 了,但我还要尝试。The judge WaS stern, yet COmPIetely fair、 法官很严峻,却完全公正。They are the same, yet not the same. 它们又一样,又不一样。It is Strange, yet it is true、那真是怪事,然而却是事实。I, Ve been away OnIy for three years, yet I Can hardly recognize my hometown我 仅在外三年,可我几乎认不出我自己的

14、故乡了。IIe Said he WaS OUr friend, yet he WOUldn, t help us、 他说他是我们的朋 友,但却不肯帮助我们。2、有时用在句首。如:Yet the house WaS cheerful、 但 屋子里显得很欢快。Yet its POPUIatiOn has doubled、但它的 人口翻了 一番。3、yet有时可与并列连词Emd或but连用,构成习语Emd yet和but yet,意为“虽然如此“可是“然而,与单独使 用的 yet 意思相同。如:He S not really nice-looking, and yet he has enormous

15、 charm.他并不分好看,可是他很有魅 力。She, S a funny girl, but yet you can t help Iiking her、她是一个奇怪的姑娘,但你禁不住会喜欢她。I gave him ten POUndS (and)yet he WaS not satisfied.我给了他镑但他仍不满足。 She, S Vain and foolish, and yet PeOPIe Iike her、 她很虚 荣愚蠢,但人们却喜欢她。She drove Very fast to the airport, butyet, and yet, but yet She missed

16、 the PIane、 她开快 车去机场,可还是误了飞机。4、根据英语习惯,although不能与连词but搭配使用,但是 although可以与yet搭配连用(此时的yet可视为副词)。女卩: Although We are poor, yet We are happy、 尽管我们穷,但我 们很快活。Although We have made SOme progress, yet We St订1 have a IOng Way to go、我们虽然取得了些进步,但还 是远远不够的。连词WhiIe考点知识归纳Wh订e是大家比较熟悉 的一个词,但是许多人对它的了解是不全面的,你可能只知道它 表示

17、“当的时候”,甚至可能还知道它与when, as的用法区 别。但是,非常遗憾,你所知道的这些东西都是有关Wh订e用法 的“基础知识”,却不是一般英语考试的“考点知识”。请看下 面两道考题:1、考查表示时间的用法,其意为当的时候。如:Wemust Strike WhiIe the iron is hot、我们要趁热打铁。S tand StilI While I take your PhOtOgraph、我给你拍照时站 着不要动。UaVe We got enough books to read WhiIe We are On holiday?假期里我们有足够的书看吗?Were there any

18、CalIS for me WhiIe I WaS out?我出去的时候,有人来过电话吗? She hates QnyOne IiStening WhiIe She is telephoning、 她打电 话时不愿让任何人听。2、考查表示让步的用法,其意为“尽管”“虽然”。如: WhiIe the WOrk WaS CIiffiCUIt, it WaS interesting、 虽然工 作有难度,但很有趣。Wh订e I UnderStand what you say, I can, t agree With you、虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同 意。WhiIe the Irlternet i

19、s Of great help, I dor t think it S a good idea to SPencI too much time On it、 虽然因特 网很有帮助,但我还是认为在其上花太多的时间不是个好主意。 WhiIe We don, t agree We COntinue to be friends 尽管我 们意见不同,我们还是朋友。WHle I did We 11 in class, I WaS a POOr PerfOrmer at games、 虽说我学习 不错,我运动却 不行。WhiIe a few became richer, many Clid not、 虽然一

20、些 人变得更富有了,但多数人并非如此。3、考查表示对比的用法,其意为“而” “但o如:In SOme PlaCeS WOmen are expected to earn money WhiIe men WOrk at home and raise their children、有些地方妇女挣 钱,而男子则在家里持家和带孩子。I Went SWimming WhiIe the OtherS PIayed tennis.我去游泳,而其余的人则去打网球了。 Air is a fluid but not a liquid, WhiIe water is both a fluid and a liqui

21、d.空气是流体不是液体,水是流体也是液 体。SOme PeOPIe WaSte food While OtherS haven t enough、 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。SOme PeOPIe WaSte food WhiIe OtherS haven, t enough、一些人糟踏食物而另一 些人却食不果腹。I Went SWimIiIing WhiIe the Others PIayeel tennis、我去游泳,而其余的人则去打网球了。PriCeS are rising sharply, While incomes are Iagging far behind. 物 价飞涨

22、而收入却远远落后。注意:这样用时,Wh订e引出的句子通 常位于末,但有时也可位于句首。女卩:While most Children Iearn to read easily, SOme need extra help、 大多数儿童学 会阅读很容易,有一些儿童却需要特别帮助。Wh订e SomeIanguages have30 Or more different VOWeI Soimds, OtherS have five Or less、有些语言有30个或更多的元音,而其他语 言只有5个或更少的元音。Wh订e DeaUVilIe is a holiday resort, TrOUVilIe is

23、 more Of a WOrking town、 特维尔是个 度假胜地,而特鲁维尔更多的却是个工业城市。4、考查其省略用法,即主句与从句主语相同,且从句谓语动 词含有动词be时,通常可省略从句主语和动词be。如:WhiIe (he WaS)in prison, She WrOte her first nOVe1、 她在狱中写出了 第一部小说。II e had Strayed from home WhiIe StilI a boy、 他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。H e fell asleep WhiIe (he WaS) doing his homework他做着做着功课就睡着了。I WaS O

24、nIy IiStening to the radio With half an ear, WhiIe (I WaS)PreParing SOme food、我正在做吃的东西,没太留心听收 音机。(二)、表选择的并列连词主要Or (或者,还是,否则), eitheror(不是就是),neitheror(既不也不), OtherWiSe (要不然)等。女口: Be CarefUI about What you SayOr you IiIay regret it、当心你讲的话,否则你会后悔的。Either Say you, re SOrry Or else get OUt!你要么道歉,要 么滚开!N

25、either does he SmOke nor does he drink、 他既不抽 烟也不喝酒。SeiZe the chance, Otherwise you WilI regret it、要抓住机会,否则你会后悔的。注:neithernor连接两 个句子,注意用倒装语序。Or的用法归纳1、表示选择,意为或还是” :IS the radio Off Or on?无线电关上了还是开着的?WOUld you Prefer tea Or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡? IS he asleep Or awake?他睡着了还是醒 着?Are you going to America by b

26、oat Or by air?你到美国是 坐船还是坐飞机? YOU may go Or Stay, according as you decide、 是去是留由你自己决定。Are you from NOrth ChinaOr SOUth China?你是华北人还是华南人?2、表示一种否定的条件,意为否则” :COme on, Or we, 11 be late、快点,否则我们要迟到了 o HUrry up, Or you 11 be Iate for school、赶快,否则你上学就要迟到了。 DreSS WEIrnIly, Or else you, 11 CatCh cold、穿暖和点,否则

27、你会感冒的。Be CarefUI, Or you, 11 break that vase!小 心,否则你会把那花瓶打碎!Cross the road Very CarefUlIy LOOk both WayS, Or you might be knocked down、 过马路要非 常小心,要看两边,不然会被车撞倒。3、可表示要不就是:He must be joking, Or else he S mad他一定在说笑话,要不就是疯了。The book IlIUSt be here, Or else you, Ve IOSt it、这书一定在这儿,要不就 是你丢失了。4、用于否定句中代替 and

28、o He WaS not CIeVer Or goodlooking. 他不聪明,也长得不好看。比较:They Sang and danced他们既唱歌又跳舞。They Clidnt Sing Or dance、他 们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。5、用 于习语(from www、yygrammarZZZ)The WOrk is more Or IeSS finished. 工作大体上完成了。They COnSiSt of 1700 Or more tribes、他们由1700个或更多部族构成。There, S just One Or two details I Welrlt to make SUre

29、 about还有 一两个细节我想弄清楚。Either your mother Or your father may COme With you、你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。(三)、表示 因果关系的并列连词。主要有for(因为),so(因此)等。如:IIe ShOOk his head, for he thought differently、 他摇 了摇头,因为他有不同想法。He told me to do it, SO I did it、他让我这样做,于是我就这样做了。The Child had a bad cough, SO his mot her took him to the doc to

30、r、 这孩子咳得 很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。YoU are SUPPOSed to get rid Of carelessness, for it Often IeadS to SeriOUS errors.你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重 的错误。注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。 连词for的用法1、for用作连词,主要表示理由,用于引起的分句对前面的 话进行解释,常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开。如:She WaS angry, for She didn, t know French、 她生气了,因为她不懂 法语。Ile must be out, fo

31、r there is no Iight in the room. 他准是出去了,因为屋里没有灯。Ile ShOOk his head, for he thought differently.他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。The days Were ShOrt, for it WaS now December. 白天很短,因为 这时已经是二月。We rarely Stay in hotels, for We can, t afford it、我们很少住旅馆,因为我们住不起。YOU needn, t have WQtered the flowers, for it is going to rain

32、 你本 不必浇那些花,因为就要下雨了。He took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing SinCe dawn, 他狼吞虎咽地吃了 起 来,因为他从天亮就没吃过东西。IIe WaS busy packing, for he WaS IeaVing that night、他那时正忙着打点行李,因为那天晚 上他就要走了。She does not go OUt in the Winter, for She feels the COId a great deal、她冬天不出门,因为他特别怕 冷。2、for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。for表

33、 示原因时的四个“不能”1、for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前:BeCaUSe it WaS Wet he took a taxi、因为下雨,他叫了一辆出租车。(这里不能用for)2、for引导的从句不能位于not, but或任何连词之后:IIe stole, not because he WQnted the money but because he Iiked SteaIing.他偷东西,并不是因为他想要钱,而是他有这 种毛病。(这里不能用for)3、for引导的从句不能用于回答问题:I did it because 1 WaS angry.因为我生气才这么做的。(这里不能用for

34、)4、for引导的从句不能单单用来复述已讲过的话,而必须包 括新的内容:IIe SPOke in French、She WaS angry because he had SPOken in French.他讲法语。因为他讲法语,她生气了。(这里不能用 for)但是说:She WaS angry, for She didn, t know French她生气了,因为她不懂法语。(这里用for是正 确的,也可用because)注意:之所以有这些用法上的限定,其理 由是for引导的从句不能直接说明某一特定动作发生的原因,而 只能提供一些起帮助解释作用的附加说明。例如:The days Were sh

35、ort, for it WaS now December天短了,现在已是 12 月 T o IIe took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing SinCe dawn.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起来,因为他从天亮就没吃过东 西。When I SaW her in the river I WaS frightened、 FOr Qt that POint the CUrrentS Were dangerous我看见她在河里 时,吓坏了。那个地方水流非常危险。注意:在口语中,for从句 前常稍停一下。在笔语中,在此处常有一个逗号。有时也用一个 句号断开,如最

36、后一个例子所示。上面三个例句中也可用becatse, 但用for更好些。连词So的用法1、s。用作连词,主要用于表结果,意为“所以:It sVery cold, SO Wear a heavy coat、外边很冷,因此穿一件厚 大衣。The door WaS locked, SO We COUIdn, t get in、 门上 锁了,所以我们进不去。I COUIdn, t have won, SO I didn, t go in for the race.我不可能获胜,因此我没参赛。The PIay began eight, SO they IiIUSt dine at seven、 戏八点开

37、始, 因此他们必须七点吃饭。It WaS dark, SO I COUIdn, t See What WaS happening.天很黑,所以我看不见发生了什么事。 There happened to be a POIiCenIan On the corner, SO I asked him the way.恰好拐角处有一位警察,我就向他问路 TO2、有时可与并列连词QrlCl连用,构成习语Emd so(相当SO): Ue told me to do it and SO I did it、 他叫我那么做, 所以我就做了。lle WOrked hard and SO he succeeded、他

38、勤奋 工作,所以他取得了成功。There WaS SO much to eat and SO few PeOPIe to eat it、有这么多东西可吃,而吃的人又这么 少。I forgOt to POSt the Ietter, and SO She never heard about my divorce.我忘了寄那封信了,所以她一直不知道我离 婚的事。3、不要按汉语意思将“因为所以”直译为becauseso: 误:BeCaUSe he WaS ill, SO he COUldnt come、(去掉because或SO中任意一个)(四)、表示并列关系的并 列连词。这类连词主要有and ,

39、Or , eitheror , neithernor , not OnlybUt (also),bothand , as WelI as , When(=end just at this time 就在这时)等。如:GiVe him an inch and he W订 1 take a mile、 他会得寸进尺。NOt OnIy did he SPeak more correctly, but he SPOke more eos订y、不仅他讲得更正确,也讲得更不费 劲了。He WaS about to go to bed When the telephone rang 他正要上床睡觉,这时电话

40、铃响了起来。IIe didn, t go and She Clidr t go either、他没去,她也没去。The Weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold、今天天气很温暖,不冷 也不热。BOth NeW YOrk Qnd LOndon have traffic problems 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。It is important for you as WeII as for ine、 这对你和对我都很重要。PeOPIe WhO are either Under age Or OVer age may not join the

41、 army年龄不到或 者超龄的人都不得参军。连词and用法方方面面1、基本义为“和“又“而且等,但它有时还可表示对 比或转折,相当于汉语的“而” “但“却”。如:She, S a bank monager and I, m just a road-sweeper 她是银行经 理,而我不过是个扫街的。I, Ve read TOny, S book and I don, t UnderStand it、我读过托尼的书,但我不懂。He hasn, t had anything PUbliSheCI and he CalIS himself a writer!他什么都没发表过,却自称作家!2、有时用于

42、连接两个相同的词语,主要有以下用法:(1) 连接两个相同的比较级,表示“越来越”。如:The Weather is getting COIder and colder. 天气越来越冷了。 YOUr EngIiSh is getting better and better、你的英语越来 越好了。COmPUterS are becoming more and more complicated计算机变得越来越复杂。(2)连接两个相同的动词,表示动作的反复或连续。如:IIe COUghed and coughed、 他咳个不停。IIe tried and tried but WithOUt success、他试了又试却未成功。(3)连接两个相同的副词,也表示动作的反复或连续。如:He kept moaning On and on、他呻吟不已。(4)连接两个相同的名词,有以下两种主要用法:表示“许 多”。女卩:They talked for hours and hours、 他们谈了很长 很长时间。The road Went On for miles and In订es、这条路很 长很长。强调差别,意为与不同”

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