北京市朝阳区六校2020届高三英语4月联考试题含解析

1、PAGE PAGE - 24 -北京市朝阳区六校2020届高三英语4月联考试题（含解析）(考试时间120分钟 满分150分)本试卷共11页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something _1_ (make) their neighborhood a trouble-free area

2、. Tim _2_ (belong) to a neighborhood watch group in Stoneville, Indiana, USA. The neighborhood watch group meets on the third Wednesday of every month. Thats when Tim gets together with about ten of his neighbors to discuss community safety. Members of the neighborhood watch group want to help the p

3、olice keep their homes, streets, and _3_ (family) safe.【答案】1. to make 2. belongs 3. families【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要内容是Tim Becker是一个社区观察组织的成员，他和他的邻居们组成的监督小组帮助警察确保自己所在片区的安全。【1题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Tim Becker和他的邻居们正在做一些事情，使他们的社区成为一个没有麻烦的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再结合句意可知，此处用不定式表示目的，故填to make。【2题详解】考查时态。句意：Tim是美国印第安纳州斯通维尔一个

4、社区观察组织的成员。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据语境可知，上下文使用的是一般现在时，主语为Tim，故填belongs。【3题详解】考查名词的数。句意：邻里监督组织的成员希望帮助警察保护他们的家、街道和家庭的安全。根据句意可知，空处填名词的复数形式，families意为“多个家庭”和空前的homes, streets是并列关系，故填families。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The animals _4_ (keep) together in small spaces, with no

5、 privacy and little opportunity_5_ mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior _6_ (call) zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of t

6、heir time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time _7_ (walk) back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.【答案】4. are kept 5. for 6. called 7. walking【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明在狭小空间里的动物们出现了动物精神病，这种病会导致不寻常的自毁行为。【4题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：动物们被关在狭小的空间里，没有隐私，也没有机会进行心理和

7、身体锻炼。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，再根据语境，此处说明的是客观事实，故用一般现在时，又因为animals和keep之间是被动关系，故填are kept。【5题详解】考查介词。句意： 这些动物被关在狭小的空间里，没有私人空间，几乎没有机会进行智力和体育锻炼。分析句子结构可知，空处填介词，再结合句意可知，此处表示目的，意为“去、为了”，故填for。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这导致了不寻常的和自我毁灭的行为，称为动物精神病。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，此处意为“叫做、称作”，call在句中做定语修饰behavior，且是被动关系，故填called。【7题详解】考

8、查固定搭配。句意：另一项研究表明，大象有22%的时间在重复头部运动或咬笼子栏杆，而熊有30%的时间在来回走动，这是不快乐和痛苦的标志。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing是固定搭配，意为“花费时间/金钱做”，故填walking。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 “Poor but honest.” “The deserving poor.” These words always come to my mind _8_ I think of “

9、the poor”. But I also think of people _9_, perhaps through alcohol or drugs，have ruined not only their own lives but also the lives of others in order to give way to their own pleasure. Perhaps alcoholism and drug addiction really are “diseases”, as many people say, but my own feeling-based, of cour

10、se, not on any serious study, is that most alcoholics and drug addicts belong to the “undeserving poor”. And that is largely _10_ I dont give spare change to beggars.【答案】8. when 9. who/that 10. why【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要内容是简述了作者不给乞丐多余零钱的原因。【8题详解】考查状语从句。句意：“贫穷但诚实。”“应该得到救济的穷人。当我想到“穷人”时，这些话总是浮现在我的脑海中。分析句子结构可

11、知，空处填从属连词引导状语从句，再结合句意可知，空处填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”，故填when。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但我也想到那些人，为了让他们快乐，他们喝酒酒精或吸食毒品，这不仅毁了自己的生活，也毁了别人的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处填关系代词引导定语从句，其中perhaps through alcohol or drugs是插入语，people是先行词，在从句中做主语，故用关系代词who/that在从句中做主语引导定语从句，故填who/that。【10题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这也是我不给乞丐零钱的主要原因。分析句子结构可知，空处填连接副词引导表语从句，再根据句意

12、可知，从句用why引导表语从句，意为“的原因”，故填why。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My job was to make classroom observations and encourage a training program that would enable students to feel good about themselves and take charge of their lives. Donna was one of the volunt

13、eer teachers who participated in this _11_.One day, I entered Donnas classroom, took a seat in the back of the room and _12_. All the students were working on a _13_. The student next to me was filling her page with “I Cants.” “I cant kick the soccer ball.” “I cant get Debbie to like me.” Her page w

14、as half full and she showed no _14_ of stopping. I walked down the row and found everyone was writing sentences, _15_ things they couldnt do.By this time the activity aroused my _16_, so I decided to check with the teacher to see what was going on but I noticed she too was _17_ in writing. “I cant g

15、et Johns mother to come for a parents meeting.” I felt it best not to _18_.After another ten minutes, the students were _19_ to fold the papers in half and bring them to the front. They placed their “I Cant” statements into an empty shoe box. Then Donna _20_ hers. She put the lid on the box, tucked(

16、塞进) it under her arm and headed out the door. Students followed the teacher. I followed the students. Halfway down the hallway Donna got a shovel(铁铲) from the tool house, and then marched the students to the farthest corner of the playground. There they began to _21_. The box of “I Cants” was placed

17、 at the _22_ of the hole and then quickly covered with dirt. At this point Donna announced, “Boys and girls, please join hands and _23_ your heads.” They quickly formed a circle around the grave(墓地).Donna delivered the eulogy(悼词). “Friends, we gathered here today to _24_ the memory of I Cant. He is

18、_25_ by his brothers and sisters I Can and I Will. May I Cant rest in _26_.”She turned the students _27_ and marched them back into the classroom. They celebrated the _28_ of “I Cant”. Donna cut a large tombstone(墓碑) from paper. She wrote the words “I Cant” at the top and the date at the bottom, the

19、n hung it in the classroom. On those rare occasions when a student _29_ and said, “I Cant,” Donna _30_ pointed to the paper tombstone. The student then remembered that “I Cant” was dead and chose other statement.11. A. jobB. projectC. observationD. course12. A. checkedB. watchedC. noticedD. waited13

20、. A. taskB. computerC. problemD. farm14. A. scenesB. sensesC. marksD. signs15. A. discussingB. doingC. describingD. drawing16. A. curiosityB. suspectC. sympathyD. worry17. A. trappedB. strictC. busyD. successful18. A. insertB. interruptC. talkD. request19. A. taughtB. shownC. forcedD. instructed20.

21、A. addedB. wroteC. madeD. folded21. A. cryB. prayC. digD. play22. A. backB. bottomC. topD. edge23. A. dropB. raiseC. fallD. lift24. A. keepB. thankC. forgiveD. honor25. A. rememberedB. punishedC. removedD. replaced26. A. silenceB. heartC. peaceD. memory27. A. downB. upC. offD. around28 A. birthB. pa

22、ssingC. lossD. starting29. A. awokeB. remindedC. forgotD. apologized30. A. simplyB. hardlyC. seriouslyD. angrily【答案】11. B 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的工作是做课堂观察以及负责和学生有关的培训项目，一次在观察项目参加者Donna的课堂给作者留下了深刻

23、的印象。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Donna是参与这个项目的志愿者老师之一。A. job工作；B. project项目；C. observation观察；D. course课程。根据上文的encourage a training program可知，Donna是参与这个项目（project）的志愿者老师之一，此处的project相当于前文的program，故选B。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我走进Donna的教室，坐在教室后面观察。A. checked检查；B. watched观察；C. noticed注意到；D. waited等待。根据第一段的My job wa

24、s to make classroom observations可知，作者的工作就是进行课堂观察，所以此处说作者走进了教室，坐在教室后面观察（watched），故选B。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的学生都在做一项任务。A. task任务；B. computer电脑；C. problem问题；D. farm农场。根据The student next to me was filling her page with “I Cants.” “I cant kick the soccer ball.” “I cant get Debbie to like me.” 可知，作者发现学生们都在

25、做一项叫做“我不能”的任务（task），故选A。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的页面写满了一半，而且没有停顿的迹象。A. scenes场景；B. senses感觉；C. marks标志；D. signs迹象。根据空所在的句子可知，这个学生写了满满半页纸却没有停下来的迹象（signs），故选D。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我顺着这排位子走，发现每个人都在写句子，描述他们不会做的事情。A. discussing讨论；B. doing做；C. describing描写；D. drawing画。根据 writing sentences可知，每个人都在写一些描述（describing

26、）自己不会做的事情，故选C。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个活动引起了我的好奇心，所以我决定和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，但我注意到她也在忙着写东西。A. curiosity好奇；B. suspect怀疑；C. sympathy同情心；D. worry担忧。根据下文的so I decided to check with the teacher可知，作者想和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，可见作者对此事非常感兴趣，故选A。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个活动引起了我的好奇心，所以我决定和老师核实一下到底发生了什么事，但我注意到她也在忙着写东西。A. trapped陷入困境的

27、；B. strict严格的；C. busy忙碌额；D. successful成功的。根据下文的“I cant get Johns mother to come for a parents meeting.”可知，作者发现老师也在忙着写东西，be busy in doing是固定搭配，意为“忙于做”，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没能让约翰的妈妈来参加家长会。”我觉得最好别打断老师。A. insert嵌入；B. interrupt打断；C. talk谈话；D. request要求。根据上文可知，作者发现老师在写东西，觉得最好不要打断（interrupt）老师，故选B。【19题

28、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：又过了十分钟，学生们被要求把纸对折，拿到前面来。A. taught教授；B. shown展示；C. forced强迫；D. instructed通知。根据old the papers in half and bring them to the front，教师让学生们把纸对折交上去，instruct sb. to do sth.意为“告知某人做”，在此句中用作被动语态，sth. be instructed to do，故选D。20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后Donna也放入了自己的纸条。她把盒子盖上，夹在腋下，然后出门。A. added添加；B. wrot

29、e写；C. made制作；D. folded折叠。根据前文可知，Donna也写了纸条，她把自己的也放进（added）了盒子里面，故选A。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在那里开始挖掘。A. cry哭泣；B. pray祈祷；C. dig挖；D. play玩。根据前文的Donna got a shovel(铁铲)和下文的of the hole可知，Donna带着铁铲准备挖（dig）洞，故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不能”的盒子被放在洞的底部，然后很快被泥土覆盖。A. back后背；B. bottom底部；C. top顶部；D. edge边缘。根据常识可知，装满“我不能

30、”的盒子放在洞底（bottom）以便更好地埋起来，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，Donna宣布:“孩子们，请手牵手，低下你们的头。他们很快在坟墓周围围成一圈。A. drop下降；B. raise举起；C. fall落下；D. lift举起。根据语境可知，Donna带着孩子们祭奠死去的“我不能”，孩子们牵起了手，低下了头，drop ones head意为“低下头”，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Donna发表了悼词。“朋友们，我们今天聚集在这里纪念我不能。A. keep保持；B. thank感谢；C. forgive原谅；D. honor纪念。根据Donna

31、 delivered the eulogy(悼词).可知，Donna念起了悼词纪念（honor）“我不能”的逝去，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被他的兄弟姐妹们我能和我愿意所代替。A. remembered记住；B. punished惩罚；C. removed移动；D. replaced代替。根据语境可知，“我不能”被“我能”和“我愿意”代替，be replaced by意为“被所取代”，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：愿我不能安息。A. silence寂静；B. heart心；C. peace和平；D. memory记忆。根据上文内容可知，这是在参加追悼会，所

32、以愿“我不能”安息，符合语境。in peace意为“平静地、平和地”，故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把学生们调转过来，让他们列队走进教室。A.down向下；B.up向上；C.off脱离；D.around在周围。根据 marched them back into the classroom可知，悼词宣读完毕之后，Donna让学生们转过来。turn sb. around意为“把转过来”，而Turndown把调小、Turnup把调大、Turnoff把关掉，与题意不符，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们庆祝“我不能”逝去。A. birth生日；B. passing逝世

33、；C. loss损失；D. starting开始。根据前文可知，Donna和学生们埋葬了“我不能”，说明“我不能”已经逝去（passing）了，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生偶尔忘了而说了“我不能”时，Donna只是指着那张纸墓碑。A. awoke醒着；B. reminded提醒；C. forgot忘记；D. apologized道歉。根据said, “I Cant,” 可知，当学生忘了（forgot）“我不能”已经逝去而脱口而出，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当一个学生偶尔忘了而说了“我不能”时，Donna只是指着那张纸墓碑。A. simply仅仅；

34、B. hardly几乎不；C. seriously 严肃地；D. angrily生气地。当学生们说“我不能”时，Donna只是（simply）指着纸墓碑来提醒学生们，故选A。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADo you want to go out to eat with your kids? Here are some restaurants that are good for kids in downtown Los Angeles.Grand CafT

35、el: (213) 356-4155Do you need a place that opens as early as your kids wake up? Then go to Grand Caf. Families can order breakfast off the menu or enjoy the buffet. Because of the variety, buffets seem to be an easy option for families with picky eaters. There are many options for the different mood

36、s of all family members.Tel: (213) 623-8301Nickel Diner was listed in Los Angeles Magazines as one of “LAs Best New Restaurants”. The space is small, but the menu is wonderfully large. The atmosphere is quiet and relaxed, which makes it easy to bring the kids. One of the most attractive things about

37、 Nickel Diner is its unique menu of breakfast foods.Lucky Strike BowlTel: (213) 542-4880Theres nothing like a good game of bowling to add some happiness to the family outing. Why not take the family to a place where you can bowl while eating? Try their homemade Belgium fries, the mini burgers, flatb

38、read pizza, or crispy tacos. Downtown LAs Lucky Strike Bowl will never make you and your kids disappointed.KulaTel: (213) 290-9631Kula is an exciting sushi bar and is a big hit for little sushi eaters. Kulas concept includes providing “a high standard of natural organic foods” and they use 100% orga

39、nic rice. If your child is not a sushi eater, there are also many other options.31. Who would most probably go to eat at Grand Caf?A. People who love organic foods.B. People who want to play while eating.C. People who love a quiet eating environment.D. People who want to serve themselves in a restau

40、rant.32. Which of the following aspects of Kula most attractive to eaters?A It has many other options.B. It offers very healthy foods.C. It allows kids to run around.D. It offers different kinds of rice.33. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To encourage people to go to Los Angeles.B. To compare

41、some kid-friendly restaurants.C. To recommend some nice foods in the city.D. To recommend some kid-friendly restaurants.【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要内容是介绍了几家适合儿童的餐馆。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据Grand Caf部分的Because of the variety, buffets seem to be an easy option for families with picky eaters.（由于种类繁多，自助餐对

42、于那些挑食的家庭来说似乎是一个简单的选择）可知，想在餐馆里自己用餐的人最有可能去Grand Caf吃饭。故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据Kula部分的Kulas concept includes providing “a high standard of natural organic foods” and they use 100% organic rice.（Kula的理念包括提供“高标准的天然有机食品”，他们使用100%的有机大米。）可知，Kula在提供非常健康的食物这个方面最吸引食客。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Here are some restaurants

43、 that are good for kids in downtown Los Angeles.（这里有一些在洛杉矶市区适合孩子们的餐馆）可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一些适合儿童的餐馆。故选D。BWhen 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会)，nobody understood what she was talking about .But Sophia knew just how important Make A Wish

44、could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one her best friends .We were interested in finding out more so we went along to meet Sophia listen to what she had to say .Sophia told us that Make A Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United State

45、s in 1980.”Its a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make A Wish help children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true ,” Sophia explained .We asked Sophia how Make A Wish had first started .She said it had all begun with a

46、very sick young boy called Chris ,who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman .Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chriss dream come true so, with everybodys help , Chris, only seven years old at the time ,had been a “policeman” for a day .” when people saw

47、how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too ,and that was the beginning of Make A Wish,” explained SophiaSophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the f

48、amilies and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping ou

49、t in whatever way they can.34. Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had .A. volunteered to help itB. benefited from itC. dreamed about itD. told the author about it35. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish .A. is an international charityB. was understood by nobody at firstC. raises

50、money for very poor familiesD. started by drawing the interest of the public36. What is said about Chris in Paragraph3?A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.B. He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-WishC. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.D. He was the first child Make-A

51、-Wish helped after it had been set up.37. Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?A. They are important for making wishes come true.B. They try to help children get over their illnesses.C. They visit sick children to make them feel special.D. They provide what is necessary to mak

52、e Make-A-Wish popular.【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. A【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，通过十九岁的Sophia Giorgi的讲述介绍了Make-A-Wish Foundation世界基金会的一些信息。Make AWish 是1980年开始于美国的一家世界慈善机构。帮助那些患有疾病的儿童实现一个愿望。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one her best friends可知这个组织帮助了她的一个好朋友

53、，所以索菲亚发现了“Make-A-Wish”是因为她最好的朋友。故选B。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Sophia told us that Make A Wish is a worldwide organization .”Its a charity(慈善机构)that helps children 可知，Make A Wish是一个国际慈善机构，故选A。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris ,可知，她说这一切都始于一个名叫克里斯的重病男孩。所以创

54、办Make-A-Wish的想法是Chris提出的，故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。从文章末段 Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.可知，索菲亚说，志愿者很重要，因为他们是帮助实现愿望的人。所以这些志愿者在帮助人们实现梦想方面是非常重要的，故选A。CEssentially, everyone has two ages: a chronological(按时间计算的) age, how old the calenda

55、r says you are, and a biological age, basically the age at which your body functions as it compares to average fitness or health levels.“Chronological age isnt how old we really are. Its merely a number,” said Professor David Sinclair at Harvard University. “It is biological age that determines our

56、health and ultimately our lifespan(寿命). We all age biologically at different rates according to our genes, what we eat, how much we exercise, and what environment we live in. Biological age is the number of candles we really should be blowing out. In the future, with advances in our ability to contr

57、ol biological age, we may have even fewer candles on our birthday cake than the previous one.”To calculate biological age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified nine bio-markers that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test. The numbers of those markers, such as

58、blood sugar and immune measures, can be put into the computer, and the algorithm (算法) does the rest.Perhaps whats most important here is that these measures can be changed. Doctors can take this information and help patients make changes to lifestyle, and hopefully take steps to improve their biolog

59、ical conditions. “I think the most exciting thing about this research is that these things arent set in stone,” Levine said. “People can be given the information earlier and take steps to improve their health before its too late.”Levine even entered her own numbers into the algorithm. She was surpri

60、sed by the results. “I always considered myself a very healthy person. Im physically active; I eat what I consider a fairly healthy diet. But I did not find my results to be as good as I had hoped they would be. It was a wake-up call,” she said.Levine is working with a group to provide access to the