四级新题型样卷详解

1、四级新题型官方样卷答案及点评第一节 新题型综述一、四级题型变化自 2022 年 12 月考次起, 全国高校英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整；调整后, 四级和六级的试卷结构和测试题型相同；四级新旧题型的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：自 2022 年 12 月考次起,全国高校英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整；调整后,四级和六级的试卷结构和测试题型相同；四级新旧题型的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：试卷结测试内容题型变化测试题型分值比例考试时间构写作写作无短文写作15%

2、30 分钟快速阅略读与查读去掉多项挑选 +填10% 15 分钟读空听力理听力对短对话无多项挑选8% 旧： 35 分钟话长对话无多项挑选7% 短文理无多项挑选10% 解解取消单词及句子新： 30 分钟听力短复合式10% 文听写听写短文听新增单词及词组写听写阅读理词汇懂得无选词填空5% 40 分钟认真阅读无多项挑选20% 解长篇阅读新增信息匹配10% 翻译完形填空去掉多项挑选10% 5 分钟取消句子翻译5% 汉译英总计新增段落翻译15% 30 分钟旧： 125 分钟100% 新： 130 分钟通过上表中新旧题型的对比,可以得知四级考试主要有以下几点变化：1、单词及词组听写原复合式听写调整为单词及词

3、组听写,短文长度及难度不变； 要求考生在听懂短文的基础上,用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组,共 10 题；短文播放三遍；2、长篇阅读原快速阅读懂得调整为长篇阅读懂得,篇章长度和难度不变；篇章后附有 10 个句子,每句一题；每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落；有的段落可能对应两道题,有的段落可能不对应任何一题；另外, 该题型所在的位置也由原来的其次部分改为第三部分；3、翻译 原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英；翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会进展等；四级翻译原文的长度为 140-160 个汉字；4、完形填空 此题型不再考查；5、考试时间考试时间由原先的1

4、25 分钟增加到现在的130 分钟,时间增加了5 分钟, 但试题的难度加大了；二、成果报道成果报道分为总分和单项分；单项分包括：1）听力, 2）阅读, 3）翻译和写作；其次节 听写新题型样卷透析一、新题型概述原复合式听写包含8 道单词听写和3 道句子听写, 自 2022 年 12 月考次起, 新题型调整后为单词及词组听写；二、四级听写新题型样卷分析Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you

5、should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Almost every child, on the first

6、day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more 26, less 机敏的 , afraid of what he doesn t know, better at finding and 27, more confident, resourceful persistent and 28 than he will ever be again in his schoolingor, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, b

7、y paying close attention to and 29 the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and 30 than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the 31 of langua

8、ge. He has discovered it babies dont even know that language exists and he has found out how it works and learned to use it 32. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by 33 and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and 34 it

9、 until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the “35” that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him. 【参考答案】26. curious 27. figuring things out 28. indepe

10、ndent 29. interacting with 30. abstract 31. mystery 32. appropriately 33. trying it out 34. refining 35. concepts 【名师点评 】从四级听写样卷的指示语来看,短文共播放三遍,第一遍播放录音时,要求听懂文章的大意； 其次遍播放录音时,要求完整写下所听到的内容；写的内容；第三遍播放录音时,要求检查所填从四级听写样卷的文章来看,短文长度及难度不变；个别超纲词加注了中文意思；题材以英美国家的社会、文化、训练、历史、风俗习惯、人物传记为主,字数约为 250 词；从设题来看, 10 道题均衡分布

11、,题与题之间相间 5 个词以上；从参考答案来看,10 个答案中,单词占 7 个,词组占 3 个,单词与词组相间设置；所填单词一般为实词,其中包含 1 个动词、 2 个名词、 3 个形容词和 1 个副词；所填词组基本上是一些常见的词组,3 个都是动词 -ing 形式开头；三、 4 大解题技巧1、通过卷面文字捕获信息,找出线索、明白大意听写材料多为说明文,这一体裁的文章具有主题突出、条理清晰、 层次分明、 语言简洁、规律性强的特点；文章的开头或段首多半有主题句Topic sentence,之后的段落、句子都是对主题句的进一步详细扩展、说明或论证；考生应利用一切机会,如考前间隙或播放考试 Direc

12、tions 的时间,浏览短文,特殊要抓住主题句,依据主题句猜测文章进展脉络和大意；文章都具有一样性和连贯性的特点,考生通过浏览总会搜寻到一些有参考价值的材料；2、听写结合,双管齐下第一遍全文朗读, 要求考生留意听懂全文内容；由于听录音前考生已预览了卷面文字,对听力材料有了大致的明白,因此听第一遍录音时,考生可以填写一些较简洁的单词或词组；在听其次遍录音时,应完整地听写其他几道题的单词或词组；3、奇妙使用缩略语如何在有限的时间内记录下更多的内容呢？使用缩略语；单词较长或者听写词组时,可以在第一遍听录音时先写下该词前几个字母或词组中的某个词,4、检查、核对内容要点听其次遍、第三遍时再补充完整；第三

13、遍朗读供考生进行核对；核对是最终必不行少的环节,考生应抓住时机补偿前两遍听录音时所忽视或遗漏的内容,进一步修改和完善自己的答案；在核对时, 对有些空缺考生只凭辨音仍难以精确地判定出应为何词,此时考生可以从语法结构、词语搭配、意义连贯、 上下文等多个角度去估计、分析和判定并正确拼写出单词；第三节 长篇阅读新题型样卷透析一、新题型概述自 2022 年 12 月起,原快速阅读将改为长篇阅读；篇章长度和难度不变；篇章后附有10 个句子,每句一题；每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落；有的段落可能对应两题,有的段落可能不对应任何一题；同时, 在试卷中的次序也由原先的其

14、次部分改为现在的第三部分；新旧题型对比如下：快速阅读（旧题型）长篇阅读 （新题型） 文章长度 9001200 词不变题材科普学问、社会文化和经济生活类文章不变体裁说明文或谈论文不变难度与四级样题相当,每篇文章中的超纲词不多于 5 个,假如是超纲词, 会在其后加括号注明其在文中的汉语意思不变考试时间 15 分钟不变所占分值 10%不变设置题型多项挑选题 +填空题信息匹配题题目数量 10 道不变二、四级长篇阅读样卷分析Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

15、attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Shee

16、t 2.Universities Branch Out A As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to o

17、btain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. B In response to the same

18、forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address

19、 the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative 合作的 research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. C Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each

20、 year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2022. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the

21、 rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America s best institutions and 10

22、percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad. D Universities are also encou

23、raging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are hel

24、ping place students in summer internships 实习 abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity and providing the financial resources to make it possible. E Globalization is also reshap

25、ing the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai s Fudan University, in collaboration

26、 with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arra

27、ngement benefits both countries; Xus Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team. F As a result of its strength in science, the Un

28、ited States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure 基础设施 and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial appl

29、ication is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfull

30、y in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university. G For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link betwe

31、en investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2022, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely ke

32、pt pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. H American politic

33、ians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In

34、the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to impr

35、ovements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. I Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nations well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threat

36、en American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States andlike immigrants throughout history strengthen the nation; and sec

37、ond, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished 珍视 values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming i

38、nternational university students. 46. American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship. 47. Since the mid|1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent. 48. The enrollment of

39、 international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness. 49. The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization. 50. Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent com

40、e from foreign countries. 51. The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 52. The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years. 53. Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking

41、university-based science and industrial application. 54. Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration. 55. When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries. 【参考答案 】46. D 47. C 48. I 49. E 50. C 51. H 52. G 53. F 54. A 5

42、5. I 【名师点评 】依据四级样卷可知,全文共计 9 个段落,对应 10 题,这意味着必有一段对应两题；事实上,从答案来看,有 2 个段落分别对应了 2 题,有 1 个段落不对应任何题；原快速阅读考试时间是 15 分钟,原深度阅读（含选词填空 +认真阅读）考试时间是 25分钟,而调整后的阅读懂得（含选词填空 +长篇阅读 +认真阅读）考试时间是 40 分钟,由此可推出新题型长篇阅读的考试时间基本不变,大致为 15 分钟；从样卷来看,长篇阅读主要考查段落信息匹配题；段落信息匹配题有 4 个特点： 1. 绝对乱序； 2. 确定同义转换； 3. 通常超细节； 4. 通常无特殊印刷体；从这 4 大特点

43、我们足以看出这类题的难度：确定乱序意味着考生不能按“ 题文同序 ” 原就逐一解题；同义转换、超细节及无特殊印刷体意味着考生要死掉大量脑细胞去懂得所读到的每个信息,无法快速地定位. 三、新题型新特点虽然从表面上看,命题人好像把解答信息匹配题的方法之“ 门”堵死了, 但事实上, 他们仍是善解人意地为考生打开了一扇解题之“窗 ”；这一题型当然有着不同于传统阅读解题方法的种种特点,但同时也有一些可以为考生所利用的新特点；下面就来分析这些新特点；1、题干中的细节信息往往反映文章的主旨或段落主题,考生可据此明白原文内容；在信息匹配题中, 题干中的信息虽然陈述的都是文章中的细节,但其内容基本都是环绕文章主题

44、或是某一段落的主题进行描述的；通过快速阅读题干中的如干条细节信息,考生可以快速明白原文的主旨大意,从而能够在回头阅读原文时加快阅读速度,节约定位时间；2、题干供应的细节信息中往往暗含一些说明文所必需的规律关系,考生可以利用这种关系预先对一些表述进行排序；长篇阅读的文章一般为说明文或谈论文,而这类文章最显著的特点就是要有严密的规律性；所以,在介绍一个新事物时,文章通常会采纳循序渐进、前因后果的方法来表达, 而依据这种规律进行解题之前的预先排序对于解答信息匹配题有着非常重要的意义；3、题干供应的信息表述中通常会显现一些具有特殊意义的指示性词汇,这类词汇虽然不是通常意义上的定位关键词,但其特殊含义可

45、将考生的留意力指向原文的开头、结尾或是某个具有特殊特点的段落；这些词通常包括如下三类： 能够指示开头段的词, 如 overview ,introduction ,initiation ,main idea,definition 等； 能够指示结尾段的词,如 future,solution ,conclusion,suggestion,summary 等； 能够帮忙考生回原文定位的特殊词,如 rate,ratio ,proportion ,percentage,number,figure ,statistical demographics 等；考生能够通过这些指示性词汇缩小回原文定位的范畴,从而

46、快速判定其所在细节信息对应的原文段落；4、有些试题题干中的细节信息往往会和原文的其他某一题目联系亲密,考生可通过先解答原文的其他题目来获得解答此题的线索和提示性信息；四、 3 大解题技巧段落信息匹配题的一般解题步骤是：读题并确定关键词（中心词） 去原文中定位关键词 分析定位句 分析题干 确定答案；详细的解题技巧如下：1、用 “ 打包 ” 方法应付乱序：把整组题全部一次性吃透,然后去原文从头到尾定位；否 就,考生假如按次序逐题解答,时间会严峻不足的,最好是文章一遍看下来,能找到全部的信息；此外,考生应当留意定位原文的过程中,肯定要脑、眼和手并用：眼是确定要用的,不用脑会导致忽视同义转换,不用手

47、不是漏掉了信息而不停地看；笔会使我们处于走马观花的状态,然后会怀疑自己是2、“ 吃透 ” 题干精确判定关键词（中心词）至关重要；假如没吃透题干,就无法精确判断关键词或中心词,就可能对原文中的重要信息没感觉；一般来说, 题干关键词或中心词为实词以及一些数字、专出名词等；3、在解题的先后次序上,采纳先易后难的策略；采纳由易到难的解题策略,可以提升 考生的解题信心； 对于那些答题线索较少的题干细节信息,考生可留在最终再解答；在解答 这类较难的题目时,考生可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的段落的主题句 通常为第一句、其次 句或最终一句） ,之后依据段落大意与题干中的细节信息进行匹配；第四节 翻译新题型样卷透析

48、 一、新题型概述 自 2022 年 12 月考次起,全国高校英语四级考试的翻译部分将由原单句汉译英调整为段 落汉译英,翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会进展等题材,长度为 140-160 个汉 字；二、四级翻译新题型样卷 剪纸（ paper cutting ）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一；中国剪纸有一千五百 多年的历史, 在明朝和清朝时期 （the Ming and Qing Dynasties ）特殊流行 ,人们常用剪纸美化 居家环境； 特殊是在春节和婚庆期间,剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间,以增加喜庆的气氛；剪纸最常用的颜色是红色,象征健康和兴盛； 中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎,常常被用作赠送外国友人的礼物；【参考译文 】Paper cutting is one of Chinast popular traditional folk