2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模

1、2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模9/92018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模2017学年奉贤区调研测试英语试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA1.A.interviewerandinterviewee.B.teacherandstudent.C.doctorandnurse.D.bossandsecretary.2.A.9:00.B.9:10.C.9:30.D.9:35.3.A.passthejournal.B.listentothewoman.C.repeathisrequest.D.takethejournalhimself.4.A

2、.exciting.B.disappointing.C.interesting.D.satisfactory.5.A.tomakeabudgetforher.B.tobuyagiftforMary.C.togivehermotherinformationaboutMary.D.togivesomesuggestions.6.A.hewantstofinishhisstudy.B.hewantstoearnalotofmoney.C.hewantstofinishhisstudy.D.hewantstohaveagoodrest.A.Thewomanshouldnotgetinvolvedint

3、hesituation.Thewomanshouldnotbeangrywiththefriends.hewillexplaintothewomanwhathappened.hewilltalktoSallyandMarksoon.8.A.goodweathertomorrow.B.thevacationplan.C.gettingupearlyinthemorning.D.possibleheavytraffic.9.A.interested.B.fascinated.C.hostile.D.reluctant.A.intelligencedeterminesadmissiontocolle

4、ge.highlymotivatedstudentsusuallydowellincollege.successfulcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent.asuccessfulcollegemotivatesitsstudents.SectionBQuestions11through13arebasedonthefollowingnews.11.A.twoterms.B.threeterms.C.fourterms.D.fiveterms.A.becausehehadbeenapoliceman.becauseheearnedalawdegreeinani

5、ghtschool.becausetheyhadformedagoodopinionofhim.becausetherewasalargepopulationofblackpeopleinLosAngeles.A.theywantpeopleinLosAngelesvoted.anintroductionaboutThomasBradley,majorofLosAngeles.thereasonswhywhitecandidatesfailedinthevote.somethingThomasBradleydidforthevote.Questions14through16arebasedon

6、thefollowingpassage.A.hehasmorethanfourteenpillsaday.C.hehasfourtimesaday.B.hehastwopillsaday.D.hehasninepillsaday.A.allofthem.twokindsofmedicine.A.childrenovertwelveyearsold.oldpeoplewithheartattack.B.threekindsofmedicine.D.almostnone.B.olderpeoplewithafever.D.adultswithacold.Questions17through20ar

7、ebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.shehasmadeanattempttobecomepregnant.shehasrequestedhersupervisortotransferhertoanotherdepartment.shehasboughtthenewequipmentforthelaboratory.shehascomplainedtothegovernmentabouttheissue.A.becausethenewequipmentisnotavailablenow.becausethepatienthasmadetoomanycompla

8、ins.becausethehospitalwantstotightenitsbudget.becausethenewequipmentcarriesahealthrisk.19.A.atechnicianinthehospitallab.B.adoctorworkinginthehospital.C.ateacherworkingintheschool.D.headofhospitaladministration.20.A.shewillbelikelytoquitherjob.B.shestillfeelsatalossaswhattodo.C.shewillcomplaintothead

9、ministration.D.shewillfighttogetherincomeback.GrammarandVocabularySectionADifferentbackgroundshouldntmeanlesseducation.Fiftyyearsago,inaprimaryschoolclassroom,twoboysaged11tookanexaminationcalledthe11-plus,(21)_wouldmakedecisionsabouttherestoftheirlives.Paulpassedandwenttoa“grammarschool”Baz.failedt

10、heexaminationandwenttoa“secondarymodernschool”.Theydidnotseeeachotheragainforyears.Manygrammarschools(22)_(establish)hundredsofyearsagototeachtheLatinlanguagetochildrenwhowerenotfromrichfamilies.Theyencouragedstudentstostudy(23)_theywere18andthentogotouniversity.Secondarymodernschoolstudentsleftat16

11、,usuallywithfewerqualificationsthangrammarschoolstudents.Bazsaysthesecondarymodernschoolhad(24)_(few)resourcesandthequalityofteachingwasnotasgood.Thingshavechanged.Inthe1960sandthe1970s“comprehensiveschools”werecreated.Topercentchildrenaged11to16fromthesameareatothesameschoolwithout(25)_(take)anyent

12、ryexamination.TheBritishoftendisagreesaboutthebestway(26)_(educate)theirchildren.Manypeoplesaythatcomprehensiveschoolshelpmorechildrentosucceedbecausetheyprovideeverybody(27)_similaropportunitiesinafairerway.Anotherview,though,isthatmoreintelligentchildren,especially(28)_frompoorhomesarebettersuppor

13、tedatgrammarschools.Now,thegovernmentplanstoopennewgrammarschools(29)_almosttwomillionchildrenwillgotothesametypeofschoolthatPaulattended.AndPaulandBaz?Aged60,theymetagainandcompared(30)_hadhappenedtothem.Afteruniversity,Paulqualifiedasateacher.Bazwenttoworkinafactoryat16andlaterbecameanengineer.Inf

14、act,BazhadamuchhighersalarythanPaulsoperhapslifeisfairafterall.SectionBA.impressiveB.movementsC.eventuallyD.extremeE.comparisonF.reverseG.unlovedH.partnershipI.absolutelyJ.maskK.appliedTheresnothingmoreannoyingthansettlingdowntosleepandhearingthesoundofamosquitobuzzingaroundyou.Theonlythoughtmostofu

15、severgivetothisnoiseis“Ineedtogetridofthisinsect,immediatbutitturnsoutthatthemosquitoisactuallyquitea(n)_31_creature.AtermofscientistsfromOxfordUniversityintheUK,in_32_withtheRoyalVeterinaryCollegeinLondonandChibaUniversityinJapan,recentlypublishedastudythatfoundsomeinterestingfactsabouttheworldsmos

16、t_33_insect.Byplacingeightcamerasinsideatinyfilmstudio,thescientistscouldstudyseveralmosquitoesupclose.Thehigh-techcamerasfilmedtheinsectsat1,000framespersecond,meaningthescientistswereabletostudytheinsects_34_innever-before-seendetail.However,itwasntalwaysstraightforward.“Recordingmosquitoesduringf

17、ree-flightrepresentedahugetechnicalchallengeduetotheirsmallsize,_35_wingbeatfrequency,andthepresenceoflargeantennaeandlegsthatcan_36_theviewoftheirwings,”SimonWalkerofOxfordUniversity,co-authorofthestudy,wrote.PublishedinthejournalNature,thestudyfoundthatmosquitoesflaptheirwingsaround800timesasecond

18、.Asa_37_,housefliesflaptheirwingsabout200timesasecond,andhummingbirds50timesasecond.RichardBomphreyoftheRoyalVeterinaryCollege,thestudysleader,believesthatmosquitoeshaveauniqueflyingmethodthatsetsthemapartfromotherflyinginsects.“Wepredictedthattheymustmakeuseofclevertricks,asthewings_38_theirdirecti

19、onattheendofeachhalf-stroke,”hewroteinthestudy.Hopefully,thediscoveryofthemosquitosspecialabilitieswillbeofbenefittoengineersinthefuture.Thefindingscouldleadtobetteraircraft,orevenimprovementtotoolslikelensesorpumps.Butthescientistshopetheirstudycanonedaybe_39_tonewdevelopmentsinmorehuman-focuseduse

20、.“Themoreweknowaboutmosquitoes,thebetterourchanceofunderstandingtheirflightbehavior,howtheycarrydiseaseand_40_howtostopthemfromdoingso,”Walkerwrote.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAArtistshavelongclaimedalcoholandotherdrugsasinspirationfortheircreativity.Butistherereallya(n)_41_betweenintoxication（醉酒

21、）andinspiration?ArecentstudypublishedinConsciousnessandCognitionexploredtheeffectsofmoderatedrunkennessonpeoplescreativity.Theauthorssuggestthatalcoholswell-knowneffectin_42_executivefunctionmaybehelpfulforthesetypesofcreationproblems:“Sometimesareducedabilityto_43_onesattentioncanhavepositiveimplic

22、ationsforselectcognitivetasks,”theywrite.Thefindingsraisethequestionofwhetherdrugsthat_44_attentionandfocus,inparticular,stimulants（喜悦剂）,wouldhavetheoppositeeffectoncreativethinking_45_,verylittleresearchhasbeendoneontheissue,andwhatresultsexistsofarhavebeenmixed.Theoutcomesmaywellvaryaccordingtoind

23、ividual_46_tothedrugs._47_,someresearchhasfoundthatwhilestimulantscan_48_testperformanceforthosewhoarelessintelligent,forthesmartestfolks,thedrugscanhavetheoppositeeffect.Iflessexecutivefunctionislinkedtomorecreativity,thismayalsoexplainwhyartists,writersandmusiciansappeartobemore_49_tohaveanaddicti

24、on.Perhapscreativepeoplearemorelikelythanotherstobe_50_todrugsinthefirstplace,asapossiblesourceofinspiration.Andthen,ifreducedexecutivefunctionis_51_inpartfortheirinitialtalent,this,too,couldmakethemmoreeasilyinfluencedby_52_oncetheystartusing.Havinglessexecutivecontrolbeforeyoueventakedrugsmeansyou

25、llhavelessabilitytostoponceyoustart.Whatevertherealrelationshipbetweendrunkenness,addictionandart,theauthors_53_thattheirstudyfindingsdontgivepeople_54_togetdrunktomuse“inspire（冥想the）.”Co-authorJenniferWiley,associateprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIllinoisatChicago,toldtheBritishPsychological

26、SocietyResearchDigest:“Wetestedwhathappenswhenpeopleareslightlydrunk-notwhenpeopledrankto_55_.Therecouldbenoargumentfromthesefindingsthatdrinkingexcessivelywouldhavethesameeffects.”Aglassofwineortwo,however,mayoccasionallyhelp.41.A.attractionB.reservationC.connectionD.decoration42.A.strengtheningB.d

27、amagingC.maintainingD.assessing43.A.blockB.reduceC.disturbD.control44.A.remainB.dropC.shiftD.increase45.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.InsteadD.Therefore46.A.additionsB.responsesC.oppositionsD.contrasts47.A.ForexampleB.OnthecontraryC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand48.A.concealB.executiveC.improveD.delete49.A.vitalB

28、.likelyC.idealD.difficult50.A.attractedB.contributedC.respondedD.withdrawn51.A.responsibleB.illegalC.naturalD.impossible52.A.confusionB.ambitionC.addictionD.exhaustion53.A.lowerB.monitorC.functionD.caution54.A.sacrificeB.privacyC.appreciationD.license55.A.prioritiesB.extremesC.bottomD.AffectionSecti

29、onB(A)Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashiergreetedherbynameandaskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadandsaid:“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,IdontknowhowImgoingtogetthroughtheholiday

30、s.”Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps（食品券）.Myheartached.Iwantedtohelpbutdidntknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries,askforherhusbandsresume?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewomenreturninghershoppingcart.IrememberedsomethinginmypursethatIthoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasntahandfulofcashoranofferofajobfor

31、herhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartpoundedasIapproachedthewoman.“Excuseme,”Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldnhelptoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.Itsoundslikeyouregoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.Imsosorry.Isomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecardso

32、nlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughhertears,shesaid,“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittlestartledbyherreply.Havingneveranythinglikethisbefore,IdidntknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas,Oh“.WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,Iwalkedbacktomycar-andbegantocry,too

33、.Thewordsonthecard?“YouMatter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardasencouragementforaprojectIwasworkingon.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IcamehomeandorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardandstartedsharingthem.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraph

34、s?Thewomansfamilymainlydependsonherson.Thecashierhelpedthewomanbygivinghersomefoodforfree.Thewomanandherfamilywerehavingatoughlime.Theauthorwonderedwhythecashierwasfamiliarwiththewoman.Thewomancriedwhenshegotthecard,probablybecause_.A.itgreatlyencouragedherB.shecoulduseittobuyfoodC.itcouldsolveherpr

35、esentproblemD.itcouldlandherhusbandajob58.Theunderlinedword“startled”inParagraph10probablymeans_.A.interestedB.gratefulC.ashamedD.astonished59.Fromthearticle,wecantellthattheauthorisa_person.A.smartB.kind-heartedC.knowledgeableD.confident(B)SeekOutaUniqueBeachVISITOregon.Forsunandfunawayfromthecrowe

36、dbeachesofFlorida,checkouttheOregoncoastandits363milesofgorgeousshoreline,stretchingfromtheColumbiaRiversouthtotheredwoodforestsofCalifornia.Everybeachispublicandfree.“ThecoastisaperfectplacetowatchsealionssunthemselvesorsimplyseethemightyPacificweavescrashinthesunsetfollowedbyaseafoodfeastinoneofth

37、ebusyfishingcommunitieslocatedbetweenthecoves（小海湾）,”saysBramblett.JulyandAugustarentpegraywhalemigrationseason,buttheresstillagoodchanceyoucouldcatchaglimpseofsomeofthe200whalesthatspendthesummersofftheOregoncoast.SLEEPNexttoalighthouse.ImagineyourselfanancientmarinerwhenyoubookaroomoverlookingthePa

38、cificOceanattheHecetaHeadLighthouseBedandBreakfastinYachats,Oregon.Theworkinglighthouse,whichdatedto1894,castabrightbeam21milesouttosea,makingitthebrightestlightontheOregoncoast.Thecliff-toproomsattheLightKeepershomenearbyaren-youlltsellcheapoutupto$385foraweekendnightduringpeakseason(priceincludesa

39、seven-coursebreakfast).BEWAREDangerouscurrentsUnlessyoulovecoldwater(orwearawetsuit),youmaynotwaittoventureintotheseaofftheOregoncoast,evenduringthesummer.Butifyoudo,bepreparedfortheU.S.LifesavingAssociation.Swimparalleltothebeachuntilyourenolongerbeingpulledouttosea,thenswimdiagonally（成对角线地）towardt

40、heshore.BRINGBabypowder.Useagenerousamountofbabypowdertoremovesandromyourhands,feetorhair.Thepowderquicklyabsorbsmoisture,allowingsandtofalloffeasily.ItcanbeinferredromthesectionSLEEPthat_.thepriceofonenightstayremainsthesamealltheyeararoundthosewhostaytherecanhaveafreeaccesstothebeachandthelighthou

41、sethosewhowanttostaytherehavetopaymoreduringatouristseasonD.thepriceincludesthebreakfastforsevenpeopleWhatissuggestedbytheleafletifyouwanttoenjoyyourstayatthebeach?Avoidwearingwetsuits.Neverdiveintothecoldwateroffthecoast.Bringbabypowdertoprotectyourskinfromsandscratches.D.Dontswimstraighttowardthes

42、horewhenthereredangerouscurrents.OregoncoastwillprovideyouwithallthefollowingexperiencesEXCEPT_.aperfectviewofsealionsamarinerlikestayinthemorethan100-year-oldlighthouseaseafoodfeastinthepopularlocalcommunitysunandfunofthelesscrowedbeach.(C)Withthecomingofbigdataage,datascienceissupposedtobestarvedf

43、or,ofwhichtheadaptioncanpointaprofoundchangeincorporatecompetitiveness.Companies,bothborninthedigitaleraandtraditionalworldareshowingofftheirskillsindatascience.Therefore,itseemstohavebeencreatingagreatdemandfortheexpertsofthistype.Mr.CarlosGuestrin,machinelearningprofessorfromUniversityofWashington

44、arguesthatallsoftwareapplicationswillneedinbuiltintelligencewithinfiveyears,makingdatascientists-peopletrainedtoanalyzelargebodiesofinformation-keyworkersinthisemerging“cognitivetechnology”economy.Therearealreadycriticalapplicationsthatdependonmachinelearning,asubfieldofdatascience,ledbyrecommendati

45、onprograms,frauddetectionsystems,forecastingtoolsandapplicationsforpredictingcustomerbehavior.Manycompaniesthatareborndigital-particularlyinternetcompaniesthathaveagreatnumberofreal-timecustomerinteractionstohandle-areall-inwhenitcomestodatascience.Pinterest,forinstance,maintainsmorethan100machinele

46、arningmodelsthatcouldbeappliedtodifferentclassesofproblems,anditconstantlyfieldsrequestsfrommanagerseagertousethisresourcetodealwiththeirbusinessproblem.Thefactorsweighingonmanytraditionalcompanieswillbethehighcostofmountingaseriousmachine-learningoperation.Netflixisestimatedtospend$150mayearonasing

47、leapplicationandthetotalbillisprobablyfourtimesthatonceallitsusesofthetechnologyaretakenintoaccount.Anotherproblemformanynon-technologycompaniesistalent.OfthecomputerscienceexpertswhouseKaggle,onlyabout1,000havedeeplearningskills,comparedto100,000whocanapplyothermachinelearningtechniques,saysMr.Gold

48、bloom.Headdsthatevensomebigcompaniesofthistypeareoftenreluctanttoexpandtheirpayscalestohirethetoptalentinthisfield.Thebiggestbarriertoadaptingtothecomingeraof“smart”applications,tohowever,beislikelycultural.Somecompanies,suchasGeneralElectric,havebeenbuildingtheirownSiliconValleypresencetoattractand

49、developthedigitalskillstheywillneed.Despitetheobstacles,somemaymasterthisdifficulttransition.Butcompaniesthatwerebuilt,fromthebeginning,withdatascienceattheircenter,arelikelytorepresentseriouscompetition.63.Whichoneisobstacleformanytraditionalcompaniestopopularizelearningoperation?A.Technologicalpro

50、blem.B.Expertcrisis.C.Highcost.D.Customerinteractions.Whatcannotbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthemachinelearning?MachinelearningoperationsarecostlyinNetflix.Machinelearningplaysanimportantroleinexistentapplications.C.Machinelearningexpertsarenothighlypaidinsomenon-technologycompanies.D.Machinelearnin

51、gmodelsarenotsufficienttosolvebusinessproblemsinPinterest.Whatstheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?Topointouttheproblemsfacingmachinelearningexperts.Tocalloncompaniestocultivatemoreexpertsindatascience.Totellthereadersthepresentsituationofdatascience.Toadvicenon-technologycompaniestolookbeyond

52、theadvantagestheyface.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?Datascience:AforefrontforceintechbusinessCorporatecompetition:AnobstacletothetransitionMachinelearning:AkeytosmarttechnologyTechniqueexperts:Adecisivefactorofthecomingera.SectionCTherefor,itwouldbeadvisabletoremainthoughtfulofhowy

53、ouconductyourselfanddealwithothersaroundyou.Stateoutrightthatyouanttogetalong.Inotherwords,donotallowyourselftotakeoutyournegativeemotionsonothersaroundyou.Gettingalongwithsomeone,regardlessoftheirpassions,isnaboutbeingtheirbestfriendorsharingalltheirhobbies.Youcanonlychangehowyouinteractwithpeople,

54、youcannotchangethem.Soitisbettertolistentowhattheconversationisaboutbeforespeaking.Therearealotofdifferentpeopleintheworld,butdespiteourdifferencesweallwanttogetalong.Humansaresocialbeings,andweenjoybeingtreatednicely._67_Itisabouttreatingpeoplewithrespectandcare.Beagoodlistener.Tostartaconversation

55、,itisimportanttolistenfirst,especiallywhenyouareinagroup.Donindulget（放纵）yourselfininstantchantwhenyouhavejustarrived.Examinethesituationandtheconversation,andthensaywhateveryouthinkfit.Itisbettertosaysomethingvaluable,ratherthansomethingmeaningless._68_Donttrytochangepeople.Itisnotyourjobtochangeany

56、oneelse.Itisnotinyourpowertochangeanyoneelse.Letotherpeoplelivehowtheywanttolive._69_Ifyoudonotlikehowsomeoneacts,youcanarrangethingssothatyouinteractwiththemaslittleaspossible.Youcanalwaysmaintainagoodattitudetowardsthemsothatyourrelationshipwiththemmightbechange.Keepasmile.Alittlelaughtergoesalong

57、way,andasmileeasestensions,whereafrowncancreatetensions.Ifsomeoneteasesyou,trytolaughatitoff.Ifsomeoneisfrowning,smileatthem.Bemindfulofyourfacialexpression.Ifyouarepersistentlyandoptimistic,peoplewillcheerupwhentheyareseeyoucoming._70_Somepeopledonottakehints.Somepeopledonotreadbodylanguage.Forthes

58、epeople,itreallyworkstojustsay,“Ireallywantustoworkwelltogether.Iwillhelpyouandbackyouup,andyouhelpmeandbackmeup.”IV.SummaryWritingAFathersfluenceInMakesforBetterGradesAdolescentsfromlow-incomefamiliesinparticulararemorelikelythantheirmiddle-classpeerstounderachieveandtodropoutofschool.Studieshavesh

59、ownthatapositiveattitudetowardsschoolworkandthesupportandencouragementfromtheirparentscanhelpat-riskyoungsterstoovercometheeconomicbarriersandlackofresourcestheyface.Mostoftheevidenceabouttheeffectsofparentalinvolvementcomesfromresearchonmothers.Littleisknown,however,abouthowadolescentsexperiencethe

60、irfatherswarmthandthebeliefsandbehaviorsthataremostaffectedbyit.Thisnewstudyispartofalargeronefocusingonlow-incomefamiliesconductedinfourmiddleschoolsinthesouthwesternUnitedStates.Datawereanalyzedfromquestionnairescompletedby183sixth-gradersabouthowoptimisticandmotivatedtheywereabouttheirschoolwork,