物理专业常用英语词汇精编版

1、 物理：appliedphysics应用物理学cathode-raytube阴极射线管conductor导体absoluteacceleration绝对加速Archimedesprinciple阿基米德cathode阴极conservativeforcefield保守力度原理cation正离子场absoluteerror绝对误差area面积cell电池conservativeforce保守力absolutemotion绝对运动argumentation论证Celsiusscale摄氏温标constantforce恒力absolutetemperature绝对温度argument辐角centre

2、ofgravity重心constant常量absolutevelocity绝对速度astigmatoscope散光镜centreofmass质心continuousspectrum连续谱absolutezero绝对零度atomicnucleus原子核centrifugalforce离心力convergentlens会聚透镜absorption吸收atomicphysics原子物理学centripetalacceleration向心加convexlens凸透镜absorptivity吸收率atomicspectrum原子光谱速度convexmirror凸面镜acceleratedmotion加速

3、运动atomicstructure原子结构centripetalforce向心力coordinatesystem坐标系accelerationofgravity重力加atom原子chainreaction链式反应coplanarforce共面力速度Atwoodsmachine阿特伍德机chaos混沌Corolisforce科里奥利力acceleration加速度averagepower平均功率characteristicspectrum特征光corpuscularproperty粒子性accidentalerror偶然误差averagevelocity平均速度谱corpusculartheor

4、y微粒说acoustics声学Avogadroconstant阿伏加德罗chargedbody带电体Coulombforce库仑力actingforce作用力常数chargedparticle带电粒子coulomb库仑adjustment调节Avogadrolaw阿伏加德罗定律charge充电Coulombslaw库仑定律aether以太balance天平circularholediffraction圆孔衍counter计数器airpump抽气机ballisticgalvanometer冲击电射creation产生airtable气垫桌流计circularmotion圆周运动creepage漏

5、电airtrack气垫导轨bandspectrum带状谱classicalmechanics经典力学crest波峰alternatingcurrentcircuit交流barometer气压计classicalphysics经典物理学criticalangle临界角电路basicquantity基本量cloudchamber云室criticalresistance临界电阻alternatingcurrentgeneratorbasicunits基本单位coefficientofmaximumstaticcriticaltemperature临界温度交流发电机batterycharger电池充电

6、器friction最大静摩摩系数crystal晶体alternatingcurrent交流电battery,accumulator蓄电池coefficientofrestitution恢复系currentdensity电流密度altimeter测高仪battery电池组数currentelement电流元ammeter安培计beam光束coefficientofslidingfriction滑currentsource电流源amperemeter电流计betatron电子感应加速器动摩擦系数currentstrength电流强度ampere安培Bohratommodel玻尔原子模型coeffi

7、cient系数curvilinearmotion曲线运动Amperesexperiment安培实验boilingpoint沸点coherentlight相干光源cyclotron回旋加速器Amperesforce安培力boiling沸腾coil线圈dampedvibration阻尼振动Ampereslaw安培定律bounce反弹collision碰撞damping阻尼amperemeter安培计boundcharge束缚电荷componentforce分力Daniellcell丹聂耳电池amplitude振幅boundelectron束缚电子componentvelocity分速度datapr

8、ocessing数据处理angleofrotation自转角，转动branchcircuit支路compositionofforces力的合成data数据角breakdown击穿compositionofvelocities速度decay衰变angularacceleration角加速度brightness亮度的合成definitionofampere安培的定angulardisplacement角位移buoyancyforce浮力compression压缩义angularvelocity角速度calorifics热学concavelens凹透镜defocusing散集anion负离子came

9、ra照相机concavemirror凹面镜density密度anisotropy各向异性capacitance电容concurrentforce共点力derivedquantity导出量annihilation湮没capacitor电容器condensation凝结derivedunit导出单位anode阳极capillarity毛细现象condenser电容器dielectric电介质antenna天线cathoderay阴极射线conductingmedium导电介质diffractionpattern衍射图样diffraction衍射electrifiedbody带电体excitatio

10、n激发gravityfield重力场diffusereflection漫反射electrode电极excitationstate激发态groundearth接地digitaltimer数字计时器electrolysis电解experiment实验groundstate基态dimensionalexponent量纲指electrolyte电解质experimentalphysics实验物理groundwire地线数electromagneticdamping电磁学hadron强子dimension量纲阻尼externalforce外力halflifeperiod半衰期diode二级管electr

11、omagneticinduction电eyepiece目镜heat热diopter屈光度磁感应farsight远视heattransfer传热directcurrent,DC直流electromagneticradiation电磁Faradaycylinder法拉第圆筒henry亨利directimpact正碰辐射Faradaylawofhertz赫兹（频率的单位）directmeasurement直接测量electromagneticwave电磁波electromagneticinduction法Hookelaw胡克定律discharge放电electromagneticwave拉第电磁感应

12、定律humidity湿度disorder无序spectrum电磁波谱Faradayslawofhydrogen氢原子dispersion色散electromagnetisminductionelectromagneticinduct法拉第hypothesis假设displacement位移phenomenon电磁感应现象电磁感应定律icepoint冰点divergentlens发散透镜electromagnet电磁体farad法拉（电容的单位）idealgas理想气体Dopplereffect多普勒效应electrometer静电计filminterference薄膜干涉image像doubl

13、eslitdiffraction双缝衍射electromotiveforce电动势finalvelocity末速度imagedistance像距drivingforce驱动力electron电子firstcosmicvelocity第一宇宙速imageheight像高drycell干电池electronbeam电子束度imaging成像echo回声electroncloud电子云fission裂变imperfectinelasticcollision非eddycurrent涡流electronmicroscope电子显微fixed-axisrotation定轴转动完全弹性碰撞effective

14、value有效值镜flotationbalance浮力秤impulse冲量elasticbody弹性体electronvolt电子伏特fluid流体incidentangle入射角elasticforce弹性力electroscope验电器focallength焦距incidentray入射线elasticity弹性electrostaticequilibrium静电focusing调焦，聚焦indirectmeasurement间接测electriccharge电荷平衡focus焦点量electriccircuit电路electrostaticinduction静电感force力induce

15、delectriccurrent感应电electriccorona电晕应forcedvibration受迫振动流electricenergy电能electrostaticscreening静电屏fractal分形inducedelectricfield感应电场electricfield电场蔽freecharge自由电荷inductioncurrent感应电流electricfieldintensity电场强度elementarycharge基本电荷，freeelectron自由电子inductionelectromotiveforceelectricfieldline电场线元电荷freeper

16、iod自由周期感应电动势electricflux电通量energy能量freezingpoint凝固点inductionmotor感应电动机electricleakage漏电energylevel能级frequency频率inertia惯性electricneutrality电中性equilibrium平衡frictionforce摩擦力inertialforce惯性力electricpotential电位，电势equilibriumcondition平衡条件fusion聚变inertialsystem惯性系electricpotentialdifference电equilibriumoffo

17、rces力的平衡galvanometer电流计infraredray红外线位差，电势差equilibriumposition平衡位置gas气体infrasonicwave次声波electricpotentialenergy电位equilibriumstate平衡态generalphysics普通物理学initialphase初位相能equivalentsourcetheorem等generator发电机initialvelocity初速度electricpower电功率效电源定理goodconductor良导体input输入electricquantity电量erectimage正像gravi

18、tation引力instantaneouspower瞬时功率electrification起电error误差gravity重力instantaneousvelocity瞬时速electrificationbyfriction摩擦ether以太gravitationalpotentialenergy度起电evaporation蒸发重力势能instrument仪器insulatedconductor绝缘导体lawofelectricchargemassdefect质量亏损newton牛顿（力的单位）insulatingmedium绝缘介质conservation电荷守恒定律mass-energye

19、quation质能方Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第一定律insulator绝缘体LeSyst&meInternationald程Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第二定intensityofsound声强Unit百国际单位制（SI）matter物质律interference干涉lead导线matterwave物质波Newtonthirdlaw牛顿第三定律interferencefringe干涉条纹length长度Maxwellsequations麦克斯韦nonequilibriumstate非平衡态interferencepattern干涉图样lens透镜方程组northpole北极int

20、erferometer干涉仪lensformula透镜公式meanspeed平均速率nucleusforce核力internalenergy内能Lenzslaw楞次定律meanvelocity平均速度nucleusofcondensation凝结internalforce内力lepton轻子measurement测量核internalresistance内阻Lightray光线mechanicalenergy机械能object物intonation声调lightsource光源mechanicalmotion机械运动objectdistance物距invertedimage倒像lightwav

21、e光波mechanicalvibration机械振动objectheight物高invisiblelight不可见光lightningrod避雷针mechanics力学objective物镜ionbeam离子束light光medium介质observation观察ionization电离linespectrum线状谱meltingfusion熔化Oerstedsexperiment奥斯特实irreversibleprocess不可逆过程linesofcurrent电流线meltingpoint熔点验isobaricprocess等压过程linesofforceofelectricfield电m

22、etrerule米尺ohm欧姆isobar等压线力线microdetector灵敏电流计Ohmlaw欧姆定律isochoricprocess等体积过程liquefaction液化micrometercaliper螺旋测微器ohmmeter欧姆计isothermal等温线liquefactionpoint液化点microscope显微镜Ohmslaw欧姆定律isothermalprocess等温过程liquid液体microscopicparticle微观粒子opencircuit开路isotope同位素longitudinalwave纵波mirrorreflection镜面反射opticalb

23、ench光具座isotropy各向同性loop回路mirror镜opticalcentreoflens透镜光心joule焦耳（功的单位）Lorentzforce洛仑兹力mixedunitsystem混合单位制opticalfiber光导纤维Jouleheat焦耳热luminousintensity发光强度modernphysics现代物理学opticalglass光学玻璃Joulelaw焦耳定律magneticfield磁场molarvolume摩尔体积opticalinstrument光学仪器Joulelaw焦耳定律magneticfieldintensity磁场强molecularspec

24、trum分子光谱opticallever光杠杆Keplerlaw开普勒定律度molecularstructure分子结构opticalpathdifference光程差kinematics运动学magneticfieldline磁场线momentofforce力矩opticalpath光程（路）kineticenergy动能magneticinductionflux磁感应momentumofelectromagneticopticallydensermedium光密Laplacesequation拉普拉斯方通量field电磁场的动量介质程magneticinduction磁感应强度moment

25、um动量opticallythinnermedium光疏laser激光，激光器magneticinductionline磁感应motor电动机介质law定律线multimeter多用电表optics光学lawofconservationofangularmagneticmaterial磁性材料musicalquality音色orbit轨道momentum角动量守恒定律magneticneedle磁针Npole北极order有序lawofconservationofenergymagneticpole磁极naturalfrequency固有频率oscillograph示波器能量守恒定律magne

26、tics磁学naturallight自然光output输出lawofconservationofmass质magnetism磁学negativecharge负电荷overweight超重量守恒定律magnetization磁化negativecrystal负晶体parallelconnectionoflawofconservationofmagnet磁体negativeion负离子condensers电容器的并联mechanicalenergy机械能守恒magnification放大率negativeplate负极板parallelogramrule平行四边形定律magnifier放大镜，放大

27、器network网络定律lawofconservationofmanometer流体压强计neutralization中和parallel-resonancecircuit并联momentum动量守恒定律mass质量neutron中子谐振电路parameter参量power功率relativity相对论sensor传感器particle质点，粒子pressure压强，压力resistance电阻seriesconnectionofPascallaw帕斯卡定律primarycoil原线圈resistancebox电阻箱condensers电容器的串联path路程principleofconsta

28、ncyoflightresistivity电阻率series-resonancecircuit串联谐peak峰值velocity光速不变原理resistor电阻器振电路pendulum摆prism棱镜resolutionofforce力的分解shortcircuit短路penumbra半影projectile抛体resolutionofvelocity速度的分shortsight近视perfectconductor理想导体projectilemotion抛体运动解shuntresistor分流电阻perfectelasticcollision完全弹projector投影仪resonance共振

29、，共鸣significantfigure有效数字性碰撞proton质子resonantfrequency共振频率simpleharmonicmotion(SHM)perfectinelasticcollision完全pulley滑轮resultantforce合力简谐运动非弹性碰撞pulleyblock滑轮组resultantvelocity合速度simpleharmonicwave简谐波periodicity周期性quantityofheat热量reversibilityofopticalpath光simplependulum单摆period周期quantization量子化路可逆性sing

30、lecrystal(monocrystal)单periscope潜望镜quantum量子reversibleprocess可逆过程晶体permanentmagnet永磁体quantummechanics量子力学rheostat变阻器singleslitdiffraction单缝衍射permittivityofvacuum真空介quantumnumber量子数right-handscrewrule右手螺旋sinusoidalalternatingcurrent电常数radar雷达定则简谐交流电permittivity电容率radioactivesource放射源rocker火箭sinusoida

31、lcurrent正弦式电流phase位相radiusofgyration回旋半径rotatingmagneticfield旋转磁slidingfriction滑动摩擦phenomenon现象randommotion无规则运动场slit狭缝photocurrent光电流range量程rotation自转，转动solarcell太阳能电池photoelectriccell光电管ratedvoltage额定电压Rutherfordscattering卢瑟福散solenoid螺线管photoelectriceffect光电效应reactingforce反作用力射solidification凝固phot

32、oelectron光电子realimage实像Rutherforda-particlesolidifyingpoint凝固点photography照相术realobject实物scatteringexperiment卢瑟福solid固体photon光子reasoning推理a散射实验solution溶液physicalbalance物理天平recoil反冲Spole南极solvation溶解physicalquantity物理量rectilinearmotion直线运动saturation饱和sonar声纳physics物理学referenceframe参考系，坐标系scalar标量sound

33、source声源piezometer压强计referencesystem参考系scalarfield标量场soundvelocity声速pitch音调reflectedangle反射角scanner扫描器soundwave声波Planckconstant普朗克常量reflectedray反射线secondcosmicvelocity第二宇sound声音plasma等离子体reflectioncoefficient反射系数宙速度source电源pointcharge点电荷reflectionlaw反射定律selectiveabsorption选择吸收southpole南极polarization

34、偏振reflectivity反射率self-inducedelectromotivespace空间polarizedlight偏振光refractedangle折射角force自感电动势sparkdischarge火花放电polycrystal多晶体refractedray折射线self-inductance自感specialrelativity狭义相对论poorconductor不良导体refractionlaw折射定律self-inductionphenomenon自specificheatcapacity比热容positivecharge正电荷refractioncoefficient折

35、射系数感系数spectacles眼镜positivecrystal正晶体refractiveindex折射率semiconductor半导体spectralanalysis光谱分析positiveion正离子relativeacceleration相对加速semi-transparentfilm半透膜spectralline光谱线positiveplate正极板度sensitivegalvanometer灵敏电spectrograph摄谱仪positron正电子relativeerror相对误差流计spectrography摄谱学potentialenergy势能relativemotion相

36、对运动sensitivity灵敏度spectroscopy光谱学potentiometer电位差计relativevelocity相对速度sensitometer感光计spectrum光谱speed速率theoremofkineticenergy动能sphericalmirror球面镜定理spontaneousradiation自发辐theoremofmomentum动量定射理springbalance弹簧秤theoreticalphysics理论物理学stability稳定性theory理论stabilizedcurrentsupply稳流thermalcapacity热容量电源therma

37、lequilibrium热平衡stabilizedvoltagesupply稳压thermalmotion热运动电源thermaltransmission传热standardatmosphericthermodynamicscaleofpressure标准大气压temperature热力学温标standardcell标准电池thermodynamictemperaturestandingwave驻波热力学温度staticfriction静摩擦thermometer温度计stationarystate定态thermometricscale温标steadycurrent恒定电流thermonucl

38、earreaction热核反steadycurrentsource恒流源应steadyvoltagesource恒压源thicklens厚透镜steampoint汽点thinlens薄透镜stiffness劲度系数thirdcosmicvelocity第三宇宙stimulatedradiation受激辐射速度stopwatch停表three-phasealternatingsublimation升华current三相交变电流superconductivity超导电性time时间superconductor超导体timer定时器，计时器superpositionprincipleoftorsionbalance扭秤electricfield电场强度叠加原理