通用版2021届高考英语二轮复习之作文提分要诀09主旨提炼充分含解析

1、通用版2021届高考英语二轮复习之作文提分要诀09主旨提炼充分含解析通用版2021届高考英语二轮复习之作文提分要诀09主旨提炼充分含解析通用版2021届高考英语二轮复习之作文提分要诀09主旨提炼充分含解析主旨提炼充分满分攻略攻略概要写作精准提炼主旨四步走第1步读懂原文，明确篇章结构写概要之前，一定要先通读原文， 确定文章的体裁和主题。在正确把握文章主旨和段落大意后,明确原文的篇章结构。 根据意义划分文中的自然段，意义段的数量对应的就是要点的数量。提醒一个自然段不一定是一个要点,有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自然段包含数个要点。第2步去次留精,提炼关键信息明确全文的篇章结构后， 就要处理原

2、文的内容，目的是保留主要内容，删除次要内容.先找出主题句,同时标注与主题相关的关键词，最后归纳的要点往往是这些词句的同义转述。原文描述性的语言、细节性的信息如列举数字和列举的事例等无须在概要中一一列出。例如：eq avs4al(Dont forget the clock）-or the radio。 People who eq avs4al(eat slowly） tend to eq avs4al（consume) about 70 eq avs4al(fewer calories） （卡路里） per meal than those who rush through their meals

3、. eq avs4al(Begin keeping track of the time）， and try to eq avs4al(make dinner last at least 30 minutes)。 And while youre at it， actually sit down to eat。 If you need some help slowing down, turn relaxing music。 It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.(画线部分为主题句）本段落主要内容为吃饭慢减少对热量的摄入，因此要将用餐时间延长

4、至至少三十分钟。用自己的语言将画线部分重组后，关键信息如下:Record the time and set dinner time for half an hour as eating slowly helps take in less calories. 第3步归纳要点 合理转换表达明确每个意义段的关键信息后，接下来应用自己的语言准确地表达各意义段的要点。 为避免和原文的句子重复， 可利用同义转述和句式转换这两种形式归纳要点.各要点的词数应根据文中对应内容的篇幅来定，分清主次。转换表达注意遵循2个原则不增不减不曲:客观精准地表述原文要点，不增添不属于原材料的信息或删减原材料关键信息或改变原材

5、料所表达的意思。不繁：在正确理解原文的前提下，用简洁的语言表达与所给材料一致的信息。例如：Your house may have an eq avs4al(effect) on your eq avs4al(figure）。 Experts say the way you eq avs4al（design） your eq avs4al(home) could eq avs4al(play a role in) whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off。 You can make your environment work for you

6、instead of against you。 Here are some eq avs4al(ways) to turn your eq avs4al（home) into part of your eq avs4al(diet) plan。(画线句为主题句）主题句关键词如画线所示：The_way you design your home may have an effect on your figure. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.转换表达时可利用同义替换将ways改为tips; The

7、 way you design your home改为How to have your home designed。主题句转换为How to have your home designed affects your figure. Below are tips to design your home to help diet.第4步句式多样 注意过渡衔接在概要中合理使用非谓语、从句和特殊句式等使句式丰富多样,但句子结构不可过长，也不要用太复杂的句子结构。同时选用适当的过渡衔接词衔接上下文，保证概要部分内容的连贯性。【写作演示】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。（2018年11

8、月，浙江卷)Its a really eq avs4al（good idea) to eq avs4al(visit colleges） before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same。 Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus （校园) like visiting_and_seeing_for_yourself_the_dorms,_cl

9、assrooms_and_athletic_equipment_and，_of_course，_the_students。 It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if eq avs4al（the schools you are applying to） eq avs4al(happen to be more than a car ride away)。 But keep in mind that you

10、 are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one。Theres eq avs4al（no excuse) not to eq avs4al（visit) the eq avs4al（schools) in your local area。 In fact， a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited

11、campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility， but if you live nearby, eq avs4al(go to check it out)！If campus visits arent going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should eq avs4al（find some time) between applying and getting your accepta

12、nce letters to eq avs4al(visit） the eq avs4al（schools） youd like to attend. It_can_save_you_a_lot_of_heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses， things that you wouldnt know unless you actually visit.Now, if time and money are making it impossible， then eq avs

13、4al(check out） the eq avs4al（online college fairs） at CollegeWeekLive。 Its a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问)， and it wont cost you a penny！ You can register for its online college fair at . While visiting an online college fair cant take the plac

14、e of an actual campus visit， it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend._【概要思路点拨】第1步读懂原文，明确篇章结构原文是说明文，为确保精彩的大学生活，在申请大学前应抽时间提前了解大学。第1段：提出观点在你上大学之前，要亲眼看看想申请的大学。第2段：一定要去看看当地的大学.第3段

15、：如在申请之前没去过,在申请之后或得到录取通知书之前，一定要去大学看看.第4段:如果无法亲自参观，登录网站了解相关信息。分析各段主旨可判断,文章第12段是一个意义段，34段分别是2个意义段，故原文3个意义段可归纳为3个要点。第2步去次留精，提炼关键信息本文关键信息已在文中用画线和阴影形式体现， 其中画线词为与主题句相关的关键信息,其他则为次要信息.第3步归纳要点,合理转换表达采用同义转述、句式转换等方法灵活准确归纳要点，如：第一段主题句和第二段主题句可概括为要点1:该要点中的“good idea”可用wise choice转述;“in your local area”可转换为 where yo

16、u live。第三段主题句可概括为要点2: 该要点中的“visiting and seeing for yourself可转换为pay a personal visit。第四段主题句可概括为要点3：该要点中的“time and money are making it impossible”可转换为all the above is not affordable。第4步句式多样，注意过渡衔接句式要多样，可利用非谓语动词和状语从句,丰富概要部分的句式。【参考范文】As a senior year student， its a wise choice to visit would。be college

17、s near where you live before attending them for seeing is believing. (要点1) You should find a chance to pay a personal visit even at your waiting in case you feel disappointed afterwards. （要点2)If all the above is not affordable, you are advised to search the online college fair at CollegeWeekLive whe

18、re you can get the necessary information. (要点3)经典展示（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟2020届第一次联考）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要. Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, todays stars, feeling like zoo animals， face pressures that few of us can imagine。 They are at the center of much of the worlds attention.

19、 Paparazzi(狗仔队)camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature. According to the psychologists， celebrities（名人）worry constantly about their

20、 public appearance. Eventually， they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. Over time， they feel separated and alone. The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages。 In th

21、e 4th century B C, painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers。 When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century， his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920

22、s and 1930s ran articles about filmstars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do。 Being a public figure today， however， is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly o

23、r do something ridiculous， there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their ”story alive forever. If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it？ The answer is there are still ways to deal with it。 Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves wit

24、h trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place。 With these effective approaches, some celebrities relieve the stress and remain popular with fans。 Con

25、sequently, though being famous is driving some stars crazy， some wise ones enjoy what reputation brings them。【写作指导】本文为说明文。文章告诉我们，虽然成名听起来像是梦想成真,但今天的明星们，感觉自己就像动物园里的动物，面临着我们很少人能想象的压力，因为他们是世界关注的焦点。名人经常担心他们的公开露面，随着时间的推移，他们感到分离和孤独。追踪名人的现象由来已久，然而如今成为公众人物比过去困难得多。超级明星的一举一动都离不开现代相机摄影师的关注。如果名声是如此的麻烦，为什么不是所有的名人

26、都在逃避它呢?答案是，仍然有办法解决这个问题.因此，虽然成名会让一些明星发疯,但一些明智的人却享受声誉带给他们的东西。文章中的主题词（句）依次为：第一段：face pressures /at the center of much of the worlds attention。 第二段:worry constantly about their public appearance /feel separated and alone第三段:The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages / the same way that modern tabloids and websites do第四段：Being a public figure today, however， is a lot more diff