2010年6月大学英语六级考试CET6真题打印版-仅六页word清晰版

1、PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofDueAttentionShouldBeGiventotheStudyofChinese.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为DueAttentionShouldBeGiventotheStudyofChinesePartIIReadin

2、gComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)ObamassuccessisntallgoodnewsforblackAmericansAsErinWhitewatchedtheelectionresultsheadtowardsvictoryforBarackObama,shefeltaburdenliftingfromhershoulders.Inthatonesecond,itwasavalidationformywholerace,sherecalls.Ivealwaysbeenanachiever,saysWhite,whoisstudy

3、ingforanMBAatVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Tennessee.ButtherehadalwaysbeenthesethingsinthebackofmymindquestioningwhetherIreallycanbewhoIwant.Itwaslikeashadow,followingmearoundsayingyoucanonlygosofar.Nowitslikeabarrierhasbeenletdown.Whitesexperienceiswhatmanypsychologistshadexpected-thatObamawouldp

4、rovetobeapowerfulrolemodelforAfricanAmericans.SomehopedhisrisetoprominencewouldhaveabigimpactonwhiteAmericans,too,challengingthosewhostillharbourracistsentiments.Thetraitsthatcharacterisehimareverycontradictorytotheracialstereotypesthatblackpeopleareaggressiveanduneducated,saysAshbyPlantofFloridaSta

5、teUniversity.Hesveryintelligentandeloquent.StinginthetailAshbyPlantisoneofanumberofpsychologistswhoseizedonObamascandidacytotesthypothesesaboutthepowerofrolemodels.TheirworkisalreadystartingtorevealhowtheObamaeffectischangingpeoplesviewsandbehaviour.Perhapssurprisingly,itisnotallgoodnews:thereisasti

6、nginthetailoftheObamaeffect.Butfirstthegoodnews.BarackObamareallyisapositiverolemodelforAfricanAmericans,andhewasmakinganimpactevenbeforehegottotheWhiteHouse.Indeed,theObamaeffectcanbesurprisinglyimmediateandpowerful,asRayFriedmanofVanderbiltUniversityandhiscolleaguesdiscovered.Theytestedfourseparat

7、egroupsatfourkeystagesofObamaspresidentialcampaign.Eachgroupconsistedofaround120adultsofsimilarageandeducation,andthetestassessedtheirlanguageskills.Attwoofthesestages,whenObamassuccesswaslessthancertain,thetestsshowedacleardifferencebetweenthescoresofthewhiteandblackparticipantsanaverageof12.1outof

8、20,comparedto8.8,forexample.WhentheObamafeverwasatitsheight,however,theblackparticipantsperformedmuchbetter.ThosewhohadwatchedObamasacceptancespeechastheDemocratspresidentialcandidateperformedjustaswell,onaverage,asthewhitesubjects.Afterhiselectionvictory,thiswastrueofalltheblackparticipants.Dramati

9、cshiftWhatcanexplainthisdramaticshift?Atthestartofthetest,theparticipantshadtodeclaretheirraceandweretoldtheirresultswouldbeusedtoassesstheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Thisshouldhaveprimedthesubjectswithstereotypethreatananxietythattheirresultswillconfirmnegativestereotypes,whichhasbeenshowntodamagethep

10、erformanceofAfricanAmericans.Obamassuccessesseemedtoactasashieldagainstthis.Wesuspecttheyfeltinspiredandenergisedbyhisvictory,sothestereotypethreatwouldntproveadistraction,saysFriedman.LingeringracismIftheObamaeffectispositiveforAfricanAmericans,howisitaffectingtheirwhitecompatriots(同胞)?Istheexperie

11、nceofhavingacharismatic(有魅力的)blackpresidentmodifyinglingeringracistattitudes?Thereisnoeasywaytomeasureracismdirectly;insteadpsychologistsassesswhatisknownasimplicitbias,usingacomputer-basedtestthatmeasureshowquicklypeopleassociatepositiveandnegativewordssuchasloveorevilwithphotosofblackorwhitefaces.

12、Asimilartestcanalsomeasurehowquicklysubjectsassociatestereotypicaltraitssuchasathleticskillsormentalabilitywithaparticulargroup.InastudythatwillappearintheJournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,Plantsteamtested229studentsduringtheheightoftheObamafever.Theyfoundthatimplicitbiashasfallenbyasmuchas90%co

13、mparedwiththelevelfoundinasimilarstudyin2006.Thatsanunusuallylargedrop,Plantsays.WhiletheteamcantbesuretheirresultsareduesolelytoObama,theyalsoshowedthatthosewiththelowestbiaswerelikelytosubconsciouslyassociateblackskincolourwithpoliticalwordssuchasgovernmentorpresident.ThissuggeststhatObamawasstron

14、glyontheirmind,saysPlant.DropinbiasawebsitethatmeasuresimplicitbiasBrianNosekoftheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville,whorunsusingsimilartest,hasalsoobservedasmalldropinbiasinthe700,000visitorstothesitesinceJanuary2007,whichmightbeexplainedbyObamasrisetopopularity.However,hispreliminaryresultssugg

15、estthatchangewillbemuchslowercomingthanPlantsresultssuggest.TalkinghonestlyPeoplenowhavetheopportunityofexpressingsupportforObamaeveryday,saysDanielEffronatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.OurresearcharousestheconcernthatpeoplemaynowbemorelikelytoraisenegativeviewsofAfricanAmericans.Ontheotherhand,hes

16、ays,itmayjustencouragepeopletotalkmorehonestlyabouttheirfeelingsregardingraceissues,whichmaynotbesuchabadthing.Anotherpartofthestudysuggestsfarmoreisatstakethanthemereexpressionofviews.TheObamaeffectmayhaveanegativeside.JustoneweekafterObamawaselectedpresident,participantswerelessreadytosupportpolic

17、iesdesignedtoaddressracialinequalitythantheyhadbeentwoweeksbeforetheelection.HugeobstaclesItcould,ofcourse,alsobethatObamassuccesshelpspeopletoforgetthatadisproportionatenumberofblackAmericansstillliveinpovertyandfacehugeobstacleswhentryingtoovercomethesecircumstances.BarackObamasfamilyissuchasalien

18、t(出色的)image,wegeneraliseitandfailtoseethelargerpicturethattheresinjusticeineveryaspectofAmericanlife,saysCherylKaiseroftheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.ThosetryingtoaddressissuesofracialinequalityneedtoconstantlyremindpeopleoftheinequalitiesthatstillexisttocounteracttheObamaseffect,shesays.ThoughP

19、lantsfindingsweremorepositive,shetoowarnsagainstthinkingthatracismandracialinequalitiesarenolongeraproblem.ThelastthingIwantisforpeopletothinkeverythingssolved.ThesefindingsdonotonlyapplytoObama,orevenjusttorace.Theyshouldholdforanyrolemodelinanycountry.Theresnoreasonwewouldnthaveseenthesameeffecton

20、ourviewsofwomenifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,saysEffron.Sotheelectionofafemaleleadermighthaveadownsideforotherwomen.BeyondraceWealsodontyetknowhowlongtheObamaeffectbothitsgoodsideanditsbadwilllast.Politicalsentimentisnotoriouslychangeable:WhatifthingsbegintogowrongforObama,andhispopular

21、ityslumps?AndwhatifAmericansbecomesofamiliarwithhavingObamaastheirpresidentthattheystopconsideringhisracealtogether?Overtimehemightbecomehisownentity,saysPlant.Thismightseemliketheultimatedefeatforracism,butignoringtheraceofcertainselectindividualsaphenomenonthatpsychologistscallsubtypingalsohasanin

22、sidious(隐伏的)side.Wethinkithappenstohelppeoplepreservetheirbeliefs,sotheycanstillholdontothepreviousstereotypes.ThatcouldturnouttobethecruellestofallthetwiststotheObamaeffect.1.HowdidErinWhitefeeluponseeingBarackObamasvictoryintheelection?A)Excited.B)Victorious.C)Anxious.D)Relieved.Beforetheelection,

23、ErinWhitehasbeenhauntedbythequestionofwhether_.shecouldobtainherMBAdegreeshecouldgoasfarasshewantedinlifeshewasovershadowedbyherwhitepeersshewasreallyanachieverasastudentWhatisthefocusofAshbyPlantsstudy?RacistsentimentsinAmerica.Thepowerofrolemodels.Personalitytraitsofsuccessfulblacks.Thedualcharact

24、erofAfricanAmericans.Intheirexperiments,RayFriedmanandhiscolleaguesfoundthat_.blacksandwhitesbehaveddifferentlyduringtheelectionwhitesattitudetowardsblackshasdramaticallychangedObamaselectionhaseliminatedtheprejudiceagainstblacksObamassuccessimpactedblacksperformanceinlanguagetestsWhatdoBrianNoseksp

25、reliminaryresultssuggest?Thechangeinbiasagainstblacksisslowincoming.Biasagainstblackshasexperiencedanunusualdrop.Websitevisitorsopinionsarefarfrombeingreliable.Obamaspopularitymaydeclineastimepassesby.AnegativesideoftheObamaeffectisthat_.morepeoplehavestartedtocriticisePresidentObamasracialpoliciesr

26、elationsbetweenwhitesandAfricanAmericansmaybecometenseagainpeoplearenowlessreadytosupportpoliciesaddressingracialinequalitywhitepeoplearelikelytobecomemorecriticalofAfricanAmericansCherylKaiserholdsthatpeopleshouldbeconstantlyremindedthat_.ObamassuccessissoundproofofblackspotentialObamaisbutarareexa

27、mpleofblacksexcellenceracialinequalitystillpersistsinAmericansocietyblacksstillfaceobstaclesinpoliticalparticipationAccordingtoEffron,ifHillaryClintonorSarahPalinhadbeenelected,therewouldalsohavebeenanegativeeffecton_.ItispossiblethattheObamaeffectwillbeshort-livedifthereisachangeinpeoples_.Theworst

28、possibleaspectoftheObamaeffectisthatpeoplecouldignorehisracealtogetherandcontinuetoholdontotheiroldracial_.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionA11.Themanfailedtokeephispromise.Thewomanhasapoormemory.Themanborrowedthebookfromthelibrary.Thewomandoesnotneedthebookanymore.12.Thewomanismakingt

29、oobigafussabouthercondition.Fatigueisatypicalsymptomoflackofexercise.Thewomanshouldspendmoretimeoutdoors.Peopletendtoworklongerhourswithartificiallighting.13.TheprintingonherT-shirthasfaded.ItisnotinfashiontohavealogoonaT-shirt.SheregretshavingboughtoneoftheT-shirts.ItisnotagoodideatobuytheT-shirt.1

30、4.Heregretshavingpublishedthearticle.Mostreadersdonotsharehisviewpoints.Notmanypeoplehavereadhisarticle.Thewomanisonlytryingtoconsolehim.15.LeaveDaisyaloneforthetimebeing.GoseeDaisyimmediately.ApologizetoDaisyagainbyphone.BuyDaisyanewnotebook.16.Batteries.Gardentools.Cameras.Lightbulbs.17.Thespeaker

31、swillwatchthegametogether.Thewomanfeelsluckytohavegotaticket.Themanplayscenteronthebasketballteam.Themancangettheticketatitsoriginalprice.18.Thespeakerswilldressformallyfortheconcert.Themanwillreturnhomebeforegoingtotheconcert.Itisthefirsttimethespeakersareattendingaconcert.Thewomanisgoingtobuyanewd

32、ressfortheconcert.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.Hewantstosignalong-termcontract.Heisgoodatbothlanguageandliterature.Heprefersteachingtoadministrativework.Heisundecidedastowhichjobtogofor.20.Theyhateexams.TheallplantostudyinCambridge.Theyarealladults.Theyaregoingtoworkin

33、companies.21.Difficultbutrewarding.Variedandinteresting.Time-consumingandtiring.Demandingandfrustrating.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.Interviewingamovingstar.Discussingteenagerolemodels.Hostingatelevisionshow.Reviewinganewbiography.23.Helosthismother.HewasunhappyinCalif

34、ornia.Hemissedhisaunt.Hehadtoattendschoolthere.24.Hedeliveredpublicspeeches.Hegotseriouslyintoacting.HehostedtalkshowsonTV.HeplayedaroleinEastofEden.25.Hemadenumerouspopularmovies.Hehaslongbeenalegendaryfigure.HewasbestatactinginHollywoodtragedies.Hewasthemostsuccessfulactorofhistime.SectionBPassage

35、OneQuestions26to29arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.26.Itcarriedpassengersleavinganisland.AterroristforcedittolandonTenerife.Itcrashedwhenitwascirclingtoland.18ofitspassengerssurvivedthecrash.27.Hewaskidnappedeightmonthsago.HefailedinhisnegotiationswiththeAfricans.HewasassassinatedinCentralA

36、frica.HelostlotsofmoneyinhisAfricanbusiness.28.Themanagementandunionrepresentativesreachedanagreement.Theworkerspaywasraisedandtheirworkinghourswereshortened.Thetradeuniongaveupitsdemand.Theworkersonstrikewereallfired.29.B)Rainy.C)Windy.D)Cloudy.A)Sunny.PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassagey

37、ouhavejustheard.30.Someofthemhadonceexperiencedanearthquake.Mostofthemlackedinterestinthesubject.Veryfewofthemknewmuchaboutgeology.D)Acoupleofthemhadlistenedtoasimilarspeechbefore.31.ByreflectingonAmericanspreviousfailuresinpredictingearthquakes.BynotingwherethemostsevereearthquakeinU.S.historyoccur

38、red.Bydescribingthedestructivepowerofearthquakes.Byexplainingsomeessentialgeologicalprinciples.32.Interrupthimwheneverhedetectedamistake.Focusontheaccuracyofthelanguageheused.Stophimwhenhehaddifficultyunderstanding.Writedownanypointswherehecouldimprove.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassage

39、youhavejustheard.33.Itwasinventedbyagroupoflanguageexpertsintheyearof1887.ItisalanguagethathasitsorigininancientPolish.Itwascreatedtopromoteeconomicglobalization.Itisatoolofcommunicationamongspeakersofdifferentlanguages.34.ItaimstomakeEsperantoaworkinglanguageintheU.N.Ithasincreaseditspopularitywith

40、thehelpofthemedia.Ithasencounteredincreasinglytougherchallenges.Ithassupportersfrommanycountriesintheworld.35.Itisusedbyanumberofinfluentialsciencejournals.Itiswidelytaughtatschoolsandinuniversities.Ithasarousedtheinterestofmanyyounglearners.Ithashadagreaterimpactthaninanyothercountry.GeorgeHerbertM

41、eadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthatwegainpersonalidentityaswecommunicatewithothers.Intheearliestyearsofourlives,ourparentstelluswhoweare.Youre(36)_.Youresostrong.Wefirstseeourselvesthroughtheeyesofothers,sotheirmessagesformimportant(37)_ofourself-concepts.Laterweinteractwithteachers,f

42、riends,(38)_partners,andco-workerswhocommunicatetheirviewsofus.Thus,howweseeourselves(39)_theviewsofusthatotherscommunicate.The(40)_connectionbetweenidentityandcommunicationis(41)_evidentinchildrenwhoare_ofhumancontact.Casestudiesofchildrenwhowereisolatedfromothersrevealthattheylackafirmself-concept

43、,andtheirmentalandpsychologicaldevelopmentisseverely(43)_bylackoflanguage.Communicationwithothersnotonlyaffectsoursenseofidentitybutalsodirectlyinfluencesourphysicalandemotionalwell-being.Consistently,(44)_.Peoplewholackclosefriendshavegreaterlevelsofanxietyanddepressionthanpeoplewhoareclosetoothers

44、.(45)_.Theconclusionwasthatsocialisolationisstatisticallyasdangerousashighbloodpressure,smokingandobesity.Manydoctorsandresearchersbelievethat_.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionAQuestion:Myninth-gradeartteacherdoesntgiveanygradeabove94%because,shesays,Theresalwaysroomforim

45、provement.Inpreviousyears,Iearneda99%anda100%.The94IreceivedthistermdoesnotreflectthehardworkthatIputintothiscourse.Becauseofherimprovementtheory,IgotalowergradethanIdeserve.Ishergradingphilosophyethical(符合职业道德规X的)?Answer:Yourteachersgradingsystemmaybeunwise,butitisnotunethical.Ateacherdeserveswidel

46、atitudeinselectingthemethodofgradingthatbestpromoteslearninginherclassroom;thatis,afterall,theprimefunctionofgrades.Itisshewhohasthetrainingandexperiencetomakethisdecision.Assumingthatyourteacherisneitherbiasednorcorruptandthathersystemconformstoschoolrules,youcantfaultherethics.Youcancriticizeherme

47、thodology.A100neednotimplythatthereisnopossibilityofimprovement,onlythatastudentsuccessfullycompletedthecoursework.Aninthgradercouldgetawell-earned100inEnglishclassbutstillhaveawaytogobeforeshewritesaswellasJaneAusten.Whatsmore,gradesarenotonlyaneducationaldevicebutarealsopartofascreeningsystemtohel

48、passignkidstotheirnextclassorprogram.Bycappinghergradesat94whilemostotherteachersgradeonascalethattopsoutat100,yourteachercouldjeopardizeastudentschanceofgettingascholarshiporgettingintoatopcollege.Whatitiswrongtocondemnherforisoverlookingyourhardwork.Youdiligenceisworthyofencouragement,buteffortdoe

49、snotequalaccomplishment.IfscholarssuddenlydiscoveredthatRembrandthaddashedoffTheNightWatchinanafternoon,itwouldstillbeTheNightWatch.Icouldspendmonthssweatingovermyownpaintings,butIdproducesomethingyouwouldntwanttohanginyourlivingroom.Oryourgarage.Onefeatureofagoodgradingsystemisthatthosemeasuredbyit

50、generallyregarditasfairandreasonablenotthecasehere.Simmering(难以平息的)resentmentisseldomanaidtoeducation.Andsoyournextstepshouldbetodiscussyourconcernswithyourteacherortheprincipal.Theninth-graderthoughtthathisartteachershouldhavegivenhim_.Accordingtotheanswer,ateachershouldhavethefreedomto_toencourage

51、learning.Welearnfromtheanswerthatastudentwhogetsa100shouldstillworkhardandkeep_.TheexampleofRembrandtspaintingsuggeststhatadistinctionshouldbemadebetween_.Theninth-graderisadvisedtogotohisteacherortheprincipalto_.SectionBOnlytwocountriesintheadvancedworldprovidenoguaranteeforpaidleavefromworktocaref

52、oranewbornchild.Lastspringoneofthetwo,Australia,gaveupthedubiousdistinctionbyestablishingpaidfamilyleavestartingin2011.IwasntsurprisedwhenthisdidntmakethenewshereintheUnitedStateswerenowtheonlywealthycountrywithoutsuchapolicy.TheUnitedStatesdoeshaveoneexplicitfamilypolicy,theFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct

53、,passedin1993.Itentitlesworkerstoasmuchas12weeksunpaidleaveforcareofanewbornordealingwithafamilymedicalproblem.Despitethemodestyofthebenefit,theChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsfoughtitbitterly,describingitasgovernment-runpersonnelmanagementandadangerousprecedent.Infact,everystepoftheway,as(us

54、ually)Democraticleadershavetriedtointroducework-familybalancemeasuresintothelaw,businessgroupshavebeenstronglyopposed.familyasaAsYalelawprofessorAnneAlstottargues,justifyingparentalsupportdependsondefiningthesocialgoodthat,insomesense,societymustpayfor.InherbookNoExit:WhatParentsOweTheirChildrenandW

55、hatSocietyOwesParents,shearguesthatparentsareburdenedinmanywaysintheirlives:thereisnoexitwhenitcomestochildren.Societyexpectsandneedsparentstoprovidetheirchildrenwithcontinuityofcare,meaningtheintensive,intimatecarethathumanbeingsneedtodeveloptheirintellectual,emotionalandmoralcapabilities.Andsociet

56、yexpectsandneedsparentstopersistintheirrolesfor18years,orlongerifneeded.Whilemostparentsdothisoutoflove,therearepublicpenaltiesfornotprovidingcare.Whatparentsdo,inotherwords,isofdeepconcerntothestate,fortheobviousreasonthatcaringforchildrenisnotonlymorallyurgentbutessentialforthefutureofsociety.Thes

57、taterecognizesthisinthelargebodyoffamilylawsthatgovernchildrenwelfare,yetparentsreceivelittlehelpinmeetingthelife-changingobligationssocietyimposes.Toclassifyparentingasapersonalchoiceforwhichthereisnocollectiveresponsibilityisnotmerelytoignorethesocialbenefitsofgoodparenting;really,itistostealthose

58、benefitsbecausetheyaccrue(不断积累)tothewholeofsocietyastodayschildrenbecometomorrowsproductivecitizenry(公民).Infact,bysomeestimates,thevalueofparentalinvestmentsinchildren,investmentsoftimeandmoney(includinglostwages),isequalto20-30%ofgrossdomesticproduct.Iftheseinvestmentsgeneratehugesocialbenefitsasth

59、eyclearlydothebenefitsofprovidingmoresocialsupportforthefamilyshouldbethatmuchclearer.Whatdowelearnaboutpaidfamilyleavefromthefirstparagraph?Americaisnowtheonlydevelopedcountrywithoutthepolicy.IthasnowbecomeahottopicintheUnitedStates.ItcameasasurprisewhenAustraliaadoptedthepolicy.Itsmeaningwasclarif

60、iedwhenitwasestablishedinAustralia.Whathaspreventedthepassingofwork-familybalancelawsintheUnitedStates?TheincompetenceoftheDemocrats.TheexistingFamilyandMedicalLeaveAct.ThelackofaprecedentinAmericanhistory.Theoppositionfrombusinesscircles.WhatisProfessorAnneAlstottsargumentforparentalsupport?Thecost