一周回顾基础英语词汇巩固与提升

1、【一周回顾】基础英语词汇巩固与周一初级阅读：导语: 这篇文章讲述了人与动物之间非常温馨的感情，是一个很感人的故事。文中的女主角，一位母亲，从养狗到慢慢接受了这个小动物，小狗“薄雾”在丈夫患病后为女主人公带来精神上的安慰和释怀。In 2004, when my daughter Becky was ten, she and my husband, Joe, were unitedne lust.heir desire for a dog. As for me, I shared none of their caniBut why, they pleaded. “Because I dont ha

2、ve time to take care of a dog.” “But well do it. ” “Really? Youre going to walk the dog? Feed the dog? B athe the dog?” “Yes, yes, and yes.” “I dont be ve you.” “We will. We promise.”They didnt. From day two (everyone wanted to walk the cute puppyday), neither thought to walk the dog. While I was sl

3、ow to accepttt I would be the one to keep track of her shots, to schedule her vet appoi ntments, to feed and clean her, Misty knew this on day one. As she looke d up at the three new humans in her life (small, medium, and large), shecalculated, “The medium one is the sucker in the pack.”Quickly, she

4、 and I developed something very similar to a Vulcan mind mel d (心灵融合) . Shed look at me with those sad brown eyes of hers, beam her need, and then wait, trusting I would understand which, strangely,I almost always did. In no time, she became my feet as I read, and splaying across my stomach as I wat

5、chedevi.Even so, part of me continued to resent walking duty. Joe and Becky had promised. Not fair, Id balk (不心甘情愿地做) silently as she and I walked. “Not fair,” I d loudly remind anyone within earshot upon our return home.Then one day January 1, 2007, to be exact my husband s doctor uttered an unthin

6、kable word: leukemia ( 白血病). Witht, I spent eight toten hours a day with Joe in the hospital,ng anything and everything Icould to ease hisfort. During those six months of hospitalizations,Becky, 12 at the time, adjusted to other adults being in the house when s he returned from school. My work colle

7、agues adjusted to my taking off ata moments notice for medical emergencies. Every part of my life change阅读部分d; no part of my old routine remained.Save one: Misty still needed walking. At the beginning, when friends offered to take her through her paown households to deal with., I declined because I

8、knew they had theirAs the months went by, I began to realizet I actually wanted to walkMisty. The walk in the morning before I headed to the hospital was a quie t, peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the days medi cal drama unfolded. The evening walk was a time to shake off the

9、days upsets and let the worry tracks in my head go to white noise.When serious illness visits your household, its, not just your daily routineand your amptions about the futuret are no longer familiar. Prettymuch everyone you act differently.Not Misty. Take her for a walk, and she had noerest in Joe

10、s blood counts or marrow test results. On the street or in the park, she had only onething on her mind: squirrels! She was so joyoust even on the worstdays, she could make me s. On a daily basis she reminded met life goes on.After Joe died in 2009, Misty slept on his pillow.Im grateful-to a po. The

11、truth is, after years of balking, Ive come to enjoy my walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, throwingher whole beingo the here-and-now of an exerciset has never onceended in victory, she reminds me, too,t no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future is, theres almos

12、t always some measureof joy to be extracted from the moment.1. Why didnt the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story?A.B.C.She was afraid the dog would get the family,o trouble.It would be her business to take care of the dogHer husband and daughter were united as one.D. She didnt

13、want to spoil he daughter.2. Which of the following is the closesteaning to The mediumA.B.C.one is “he sucker in the pack.” (Paragraph 3)?The middle-agedloves me most.”The medium-sized woman is the hostess.”The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.”D. The woman is the kind and trustwor

14、thy one in the family.”3. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3t.A.B.C.Misty was quite cleverMisty could solve math problems the writer was a slow learnerD. no one walked Misty theday4. The story came to its turning powhen.A.B.C.Joe Joethedied in 2009 fell ill in 2007writer began to walk the dogdog ti

15、red to please the writerD. the5. Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joepital?was in hosA.B.C.Misty couldnt live without her Her friends didnt offer any helpThe walk provided her with spiritual comfort.D. She didnt want Misty to others companion.6. What is the message the writer wants to

16、 convey e?A. One should learn to enjoy hard times.B .A disaster can change everything in life.he passagC. Moments of joy suggestt there is still hope ahead.D. People will change their attitude toward you when you are in difficulty.【必背词汇1. canine】canine 在本文中的意思是形容词（“ 养）狗的，” 可作名词，作名词时近似于 puppy 和 dog“小

17、狗”。比如：Canine teere for piercing and killing prey, and tearing flesh.犬齿用来咬穿、咬死猎物，还可以撕肉。又如：Shes a spelist in canine psychology and behaviour. 她是狗心理和行为。2. balk本文中 balk 的意思是“不心甘情愿的”，balk 还有“犹豫；阻碍；推诿”的意思。例如：To e mancipate all mind, we will balk at no sacrifice. Event of our lives.为了全人类的解放, 即使牺牲生命也在所不惜。又如

18、：Even biology undergraduates may balk at animal experiments. 面对动物实验，哪怕是生物专业的大学生也会畏缩。3. adjustadjust 在这里的意思是“适应，” adapt, adjust, conform,这些动词均有使适合，适应之意。modate, suit, fitadapt：指人或物在原有情况和重要性。adjust：adjust 与 adapt 含义很接近，但 adjust 所改变的幅度要小一些，侧重过程，主要用于调整角度、高度、光点等。某些改变以适应新的环境或不同的条件，强调改变的目的conform：多指与某模式或规则相

19、符，也引申指改变等以适应新的环境。modate： 节的有利。suit：指适合要求，从而使人满意愉快。fit：含义广，指人或物适合或适应某一目的或用途。用词，指以外部条件标准改变自己或某事以求得适应，着重改变或调例如：Adjust the aerialsition and direction for the best reception. 调整天线的位置和方向以达到最佳接收效果。再比如：We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society.普通的社会生活。在培训的战士，以使他们适应4. squirrel

20、本文中看到了 squirrel 这个词，在这里的意思是“松鼠，” 常用俚语 squirrel out of “从(某事物中)挣脱出来，摆脱(某事物)”。例如：The squirrel stashes away nuts for wer. 松鼠贮藏胡桃以备过冬。再例如：A grey squirrel is scmb. 一只灰色的松鼠在树枝间跳来跳去。ering from limb to li5. unpredictableunpredictable 是形容词“无法的”，也可作名词表示“不可的事”。比如：He is un他喜怒无常，一会儿哭，predictable,one moment, laug

21、hing the next.一会儿笑。再比如：No-one knows where they stand with him; he is utterly unpredictable. 谁也不知道他怎样他们；他是个完全不可捉摸的人。【与】1.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二行“While I was slow to acceptthe one to keep track of her shots, to schedule her vet appot I would bements, to feed and clean her“作者慢慢地她要去接父女俩尾，比如说安排见宠物医生等，这意味着最终将由她来

22、照顾这一只狗。2.D 猜题意。根据这 3 葛单词的意思不难知道 small 指的是作者的女儿，medium 指的是作者，一个 woman; and large 指的是作者的丈夫，根据后文他们有了心灵相通不难得出小狗认为这个妇女是最信任的和最好心的。3.A 推理题。根据第三段“Mistylculated 它在计算”可以得出D。Misty could solve mathknew this on day one 它在第一天就知道”和“she ca这只狗是非常聪明的。另外也可以根据意思派出选项 BC problems 就算文章中出现了一个计算的词语，但也不能够得出能够解答数学题的结论，而且根据也可以

23、把它排除。4.B 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句话“Then one day-January 1,2007, to be exac t-my husbands doctor uttered and unthinkable word leukemia (白血病)然后，2007 年 1 月 1 日，确切的说丈夫的医生宣布丈夫得了白血病”，说明这一天是一个转折点，所以可以得出为 B。5.C 细节理解题。根据第八段第二行 quiet peaceful time to gather my thoughts or to just be before the days medical drama unfold

24、ed 安静，安静的时间来收集想法，搜有的这一切都是精神上的安慰。所以选择 C。6.C 推理题。根据文章最后一段 no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future, theres almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment 不管现在是多么或者将来是难以，总是有一些提取快乐的方法，此题易错选 A，虽然这句话是正确的，但是这篇文章并不是在说乐。时期享受快周三初级阅读：导语: 这篇文章讲述了作者的一个烦恼：一台总出问题的彩色电视机。一件令人苦恼的

25、事情却被作者用轻松幽默的语气叙述出来，是篇很有意思的小文章。My colorevihas given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothesmeo buying a discontinued mt wouldnt fit. I let a salesclerk fool. I realized this a day later, when

26、Isaw newspr advertisements for the seseventy-five dollars lessn I haid. The set worked so beautiful when Igot it homet Iwould keep it on until sions signed off for the night. Fortunay, I didnt get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gottento bed.Then I started develoa problem

27、 with the sett involved sic(静电)noise. For some reason, when certain shows switchedo a commerl,a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began t o appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another c hannel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique

28、would not wo rk, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the sic noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended uphitting the set the repair s

29、hoexpecting morwith my, and it stopped working altogether. My trip top cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keepe trouble.1. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in paragraph 1?A.B.C.D.ended all their programsprovided fewer channelschanged to commerlsshowed

30、all-night movies2.A.B.C.D.How did the author finally get this TV set working again?By By ByByshaking and hitting it turning it on and off switching channelshaving it repaired3.A.B.C.D.How does the author sound whenCurious Anxious Cautious Humorousling the story?【必背词汇】1. discontinueddiscontinued 在本文中

31、的意思是（“ 使）中断，” 近义词 cheesed“停止”。比如：The bus service was discontinued because nobody used it. 那条营运。再如：The Leica M2 was discontinued in 1967.停产。线因没有乘客而停止M2 型相机于 1967 年2. sic本篇阅读中的 sic 的意思是“静电”，近义词 electrosic“静电的。” 比如：For some months the share price remained fairly sic. 有那么几个月，价格一直非常地稳定。再如 The number of y

32、oung people obtaining qualifications has remained sic or decreased. 获得资格证的年轻人数量一直维持不变或出现下降。3. channelchannel 在阅读中的意思是“频道”，channel 也有“海峡”的意思。channel, strait 这两个名词均含海峡之意。channel： 指比 strait 长而宽的海峡。strait： 指短而窄的海峡。常用复数形式但作单数用。比如：The series goes out at 10.30pm, Fridays, on Channel 4. 这部连续剧每周五晚上 10 点 30 分

33、在第 4 频道。再如：She had heard the news-flash on a TV channels news update. 她在一家的快讯中听到了这则简明。4. helplesslyhelplessly 在本文中的意思是“无力地”，比如：Theirsonwatched helplessly as they他们在大浪中。再比如：C helplessly away. 即使最强壮vanished beneath the waves. 他们的儿子无助地ross-currents can sp the strongest swimmer的游泳者也会无助地被交叉水流冲走。5. techni

34、quetechnique 的意思是“技术，” technique, technology 这两个名词均有技术之意。technique： 多指具体的某种技术和技巧。technology：technology 含义比 technique 广泛，泛指生产工艺、科学技术。比如：This technique brings life to instruction and eases assimilation of kno wledge. 这一方法给教学带来了 ，也使知识的吸收变得容易了。再如：The new tec hnique has been used to identify the sex of f

35、oetuses. 这一新技术已经被用来鉴别 的 。【与】1.A.词义推测题。根据后一句，幸运的是，我不用整晚上看选 A。了，否则我不能睡觉了，故2.D.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，可知作者修电视机花了 62，故选 D。3.D.推理判断题。根据开头说：没有电视可知作者语调幽默。故选 D。就可以睡觉，中间还说晃动电视来锻炼肌肉，周五初级阅读：导语：这篇文章探讨了人们住的房子对身材的影响。听上去不可思议，但是作者通过室内光线明暗或抑制或助长暴饮暴食、室内颜色对胃口的影响等等角度，有理有据的向大家证明，房间的装修效果图确实影响身材。Your house may have an effect on y

36、our figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead ofagainst you. Here are some ways to turn your homeplan.o part of your dietOpen the curtains and turn up y to encourage overea

37、ting, forwhen theyre in poorly lit plathe lights. dark environments are more likel people are often less self-conscious(难为情) and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesnt have enough window light, get more lthe place with brightness.s and floodMind the colors. Research suggests warm co

38、lors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent lessn those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us lessgry. So when its time to repa, go blue.Dont fet the clock or the radio. People w

39、ho eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per mealn those who rush throughtheir meals. Begin keng track of the time, and try to make dinner lastat 30 minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turning on relaxing music. It makes you

40、 less li kely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plants can easily makes us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, totala liquike(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And well pour ab

41、out 30 percentmoredo a short, wide glassn a tall, skinny glass.1.A.B.C.D.A home environment in blue can help people .digest food betterreduce foodakeburn more caloriesregain their appetites2.A.B.C.D.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?Eat quickly. Play fast musicUse smaller spoonsTurn down th

42、e lights3.A.B.C.D.What can be a suitable title for the text?Is Your House Making You Fat? Ways of Serving DinnerEffects of Self-ConsciousnessIs Your Home Environment Relaxing?【必背词汇1. figure】figure 指的是“身材，”form, figure, sh, outline 这些名词均有形式或外形之意。form：最普通用词，含义广，既可指客观物体的外形，又可用于抽象概念的形。figure：指轮廓、外形，尤指体态

43、，相貌或身体。sh：通常指由线和面所围成的外观上的形，侧重形状。outline：指任何形状的轮廓线。例如：They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them. 他们差不多快到船边时，一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。又如：Alistair saw the dim figure of Rose in the chair. 阿利斯泰尔看见了坐在椅子里的罗丝的模糊身影。2. pound在本文中 pound 表示“磅，” 一磅约等于 450 克。例如：The one thousand pound bomb was triggered b

44、y a wire.那颗重达 1,000 磅的he drop was caused partly by the pounds streng是由一根导线的。再如：Tgainst the dollar. 下降的部分原因在于英镑对的升值。3. appetizingappetizing 在本文中它表示形容词“促进食欲的，” 例如：Kippers are dyed yellow to make them more appetizing.烟熏鲱鱼被腌成了黄色，令人垂涎欲滴。再例如：The r oast beef is very appetizing. 烤牛肉让人胃口大开。4.ake在文中，ake 在这里表示

45、“吸收”，近义词 absorb“吸收，吸引。” 例如：We are constantly being reminded to cut down our fatake. 不断有人提醒要减少脂肪量。又如：Nutritionists say only 33% of our calorieom fat. 营养学家说所摄入的卡路里中只应有 33来自脂肪。ake should be fr5. liquidliquid 在文中表示“液体，” solid 表示“固体。” 例如：Some people moved in silky, liqu id movements, others were jerky, p

46、robably drunk. 一些人动作平稳流畅，其他人则跌跌撞撞，大概是喝醉了。再如：The hot liquid splashed down on the concret e and rebounded. 滚烫的液体泼在水泥地面上又溅了起来。【与】1.B. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话 in one study,可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。2.C. 推理判断题。最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到，吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选 C。3.A.主旨大意题。根据开头的后文可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的议。所以选 A 可以更好

47、地概括全文。提了一些建周二初级写作：【作文题目】假设你叫李华,你的家乡有很多茂密的森林,但现在森林已变成了荒漠.请根据下面几幅图的内容,向一家英文报社写一封 120 词左右的信,陈述以下内容:当地土地沙漠化的经过举一例来说明土地荒漠化的你的看法.写作部分注意: 1.信的开头部分已写好(不计入总词数)2. 生词提示:荒漠 wasand【范文】Dear editor,Some years ago, my hometown used to be a beautiful place. Thick trees and green grass could be seen all over the hill

48、s. As time went on, people destroyed almost the whole forest to grow more crops. To make matters w orse, people let their cattle eat up the grass. So, you can only see waste land instead of green forests now. As a result, when it rains, the soil is washed down the hills ando the rivers. Strong winds

49、 also blow away thevaluable soilts on the top of the fields. I do hope all the people will take good care of the forests and plant more trees to improve our livingconditions.【必背词汇1.thick】thick 在这篇范文中表示“粗壮的”，thick 的词义很多，除表示“（树木）粗壮的”之外，还有“浓的；茂密的；厚的；不透明的”等。例如：Teddy ran thick fingers through his u nruly

50、tch of hair. 特迪用自己的指头捋了一下浓密蓬乱的头发。又例如：My underskird ridden upo a thick band around my hips.衬裙已经蹿到臀部，厚厚地卷成一圈。再例如：The air is thick with acrid smoke from the fires.空气中弥漫着火灾产生的刺鼻浓烟。2. cattle在范文中，cattle 的意思是“牛”， beast, brute, creature, cattle, animal 这组词都有“动物”的意思，其区别是：beast 指有别于爬行动物、昆虫等的较大的四脚兽类或牛、马等牲畜。bru

51、te 特指野于人时，突出其野蛮或。creature 通常指生物或动物，与非生动相对。指人时，则含怜悯或轻蔑的意味。cattle 指大牲畜，尤其指牛。animal 普通用词，指区别于植物和矿物而言的动物的总称。例如：Outside, two old boys lingered on the street corner discussing cattle.两个老头儿在外面街角迟迟不走，聊着牛的事情。又如：Cowboys drove covered wag ons and rode horses, lassoing cattle. 牛仔们有的赶着大篷车，有的骑着马，抛套索捕牛。3. wasandwa

52、sand 这个词表示“荒地”，近义于 barren land“不毛之地”。例如：Everything waswrong, his life seemed to be a wasand. 每件事都不对劲，他的生活百无聊赖。再如：The pollution has already turned vast areas使大片地区沦为不毛之地。o a wasand. 污染已经4. blow范文中的 blow 的意思是“吹走”，常用短语 blow off“减轻，电器断电；爆发”；blow over（“ 风雨）平息、或轻拂”。（压力）”；blow out“吹灭；例如：Her cap fell offhe s

53、treet and blew away.帽子掉在大街上，被风吹走了。再例如：He blew a ring of blue smoke. 他吐出了蓝色的烟圈。5. conditioncondition 表示“条件”，condition 也有“情况，环境”的意思。condition, s situation, circumstance 这些名词均有状况，情况之意。 condition： 一般强调产生影响的原因或环境，复数形式指笼统的情况。e, sus,se： 普通用词，指人或物在环表、心灵以及健康方面的状况，或指在某一阶段的状态或形式。sus： 指一个人在政治、社会、经济、法律上的地位或，暗含地位

54、显要意味。也可用于指政治等事态的状况。situation： 指明确具体的环境情况或处境。circumstance： 多指周围的情况或某事发生时的情况。例如：Youll also get expert advice on keng your hair in good condition.你还会获得有关如何保持良好发质的建议。再如：Rust and flaking pahe metalwork is in poor condition. 生锈和掉漆说明金属配件损毁严重。mean t【必背例句】I do hope all the people will take good care of the f

55、orests and plant more trees to improve our living conditions.为了提高生活条件，心希望所有人能够好好对待森林，多种树。【】这篇作文要求大家根据和题目给出的条件写出文章，大家要多注意作者翻译的方法，多注意上的文字和内容。周四初级写作：【作文题目】请根据下面所提示信息,写一篇关于你校开展环境保护周活动的。支持举办 2008 年奥运会，保护活动目的生存的环境。6 月 3-8 日活动时间主办学生会和团委打扫操场，给树木、花草浇水；收集旧报纸、旧书、空罐头盒、废玩具，分类后送交回收中心。活动内容活动意义提高了的环保意识。注意:1.词数:100 左右;2.参考词汇:学生会和团委 the Young League and Students Union; 3.内容要连贯,不能逐句翻译.【范文】In order to support Beijing to hold the 2008 Olympic Games and protectour environment, an activity wasents Union of our school during theanized by the Young League and Studk from June 3