新概念第三册Lesson 1 A puma at large超全学习笔记

1、Lesson 1 A puma at largeat large在逃的，未被捕获的 a prisoner/suspect at largeThe disease is still at large (蔓延，肆虐).Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.cat-like animalsbear-like animalschild-like simplicityangel-like girlcrystal-like eyesflu-like symptomsFoxes and farmers have never

2、got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. (CET4, 2002.1)be found in一般过去时“被发现”一般现在时“存在于，产于.”Many plant and animal species are found only in the rain forests.Vitamin C is found in citrus fruit.造句：大熊猫是一种大型的，类似于熊的动物，产于中国四川省。Giant pandas are large, bear-lik

3、e animals which are found in Sichuan Province, China.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not e intoe.g. He came into the classroom.However, a new type of humor, which stems largely from the US, has recently come into fashion

4、.(NCE 3, P138 )The dealer told him that it had just come in, but that he could not be bothered to open it. NCE 3, P158)无灵主语/物称主语(inanimate subject) e.g. The sea bed was scoured with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on board whena chest was raised from the bottom. ( NCE 3, P150 )满堂花醉

5、三千客，一剑光寒十四洲。一一唐贯休和尚癫狂柳絮随风舞，轻薄桃花逐水流。唐杜甫条雪浪吼巫峡，千里火云烧益州。一一唐李商隐送崔玉往西周无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。一一唐杜甫造句：我想到了一个好主意。I thought of a good idea.A good idea came into my mind.A good idea flashed into my mind.他丧失了信心。He lost his confidence.Confidence deserted him.那一夜我无法入睡。I couldnt sleep that night.That night sleep eluded

6、 (躲避)me.他进城办事去了。He went to the town on business.Business took him to the town.到了黄昏的时候，我们才走了一半的路。We only travelled half the distance at sunset.Sunset met us halfway.最近这些年来，有大批的外国人涌入中国，或是来学习，或是来旅游，或是做生意。2 / 10The past few years witnessed the great influx of foreigners to China, for travelling, studies

7、 or business.我们全家人在一个风和日丽的星期天到海滨去远足。A warm and sunny Sunday found my whole family going for an outing at the beach.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：从定义上看从形式上看The proposal that John should be dismissed is unacceptable.The proposal that John put forward is unacceptable.We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all m

8、en are created equal, that they are endowed by the Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.Thomas Jeffersonspot n.地点 e.g. a shady a scenic spot v.发现 had been seen/found/observed.in/ on/ to the south of e.g. Shanghai is in the south of

9、 China.Vietnam is on the south of China.Indonesia is (to the) south of China.100 kilometers (to the) south of Xantake.seriouslytake.lightly.they were taken lightly造句：当消息传到了国家博物馆，说在西安以南100公里处发现了一座古墓的时候，这则消息收到了重视。When news came into the national museum that an ancient tombhad been found 100 kilometers

10、 south of Xian, it was taken seriously.However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged toinvestigate, for the descriptions given by people whoclaimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.however转折标志as ithbe/feel obliged to do 感到必须做be/feel compelled to do

11、 (由于外界压力)不得不做.e.g. President Nixon felt compelled to pel v.迫使 com- together -pel pushbe/feel impelled to do (由于内心动力)必须做.investigate the marketinvestigate the casethe FBI: the Federal Bureau of investigationcensus 对数量的调查，人口普查e.g. the Fifth National Censussurvey/ poll/ opinion poll民意调查，民意测验e.g. The no

12、ise pollution survey revealed a rather surprising and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. (NCE 3, P216)for/because/since/as/in that/now (that)because回答why 句中，句首since/as语气弱 句中，句首for/in that最弱 只能在主句后面，for当介词可以在句首now (that)同时强调时间和原因“因为现在.”句中，句首注意：不能表示过去的事情g. Now that a tunnel has been built

13、 through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but eachyear, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveler is in difficulty. (NCE 3, P42)give descriptions.descriptions (which were) given by people.非谓语动词作定语 e.g. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking

14、 blackberriessaw a large cat only five yards away from her. (NCE 3, P14)John had a very good day and put his wallet containing $3000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping.(NCE 3, P38)For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travelers crossing the dangerous Pass.(NCE 3, P42)n

15、ovelswritten by Lu Xunmovies directed by Zhang YimouThe man leaning against the wall named George is my brother.claim to have doneclaim to doe.g. So far, no organization has claimed to be responsible for the accident.不定式的完成式(先于谓语动作发生)e.g. Everyone went to the funeral, for the “ghost” was none other

16、than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man. (NCE 3, P142)When I was a boy, my grandfather told me how a German taxi driver, Franz Bussman, found a brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years before. (NCE 3, P166)extraordinaryextraordinarily 直音后移primarily

17、, absolutely, necessarily, temporarilywere extraordinarily similar=were particularly alike=had a lot in common=had considerable commonalitiese.g. well, I saw the ad on the back of the bus stop today. And uh. though it was not exactly like looking in the mirror, you cant deny that there is a certain

18、commonality in our visages (面貌).I guess we do look a little bit alike.造句：随着病例开始慢慢增多，医学专家们觉得必须要调查了。因为得了这种病的人的症状特别的相似。As the cases began to accumulate, specialists felt obliged to investigate, for the symptoms of people who had caught the disease were extraordinarily similar.hunt fore.g. Im hunting fo

19、r a job now.The hunt for a job will begin tomorrow.，的，翻译(不一定用介词of)the winter in Americathe entrance to the parking lota witness to the accidenta longing for lovethe reason for the disasterwoman villager 村姑onlyjust.merely.no more than.not more than.不多于confirm证实说e.g. President Hu Jintao confirmed that

20、 he would visit the United States next month.I dont know whether what she said is true, but Ill try to it.conformB. confirmC. confessD. confineprove (to be) + adj./n.被证明是e.g. His injury proved (to be) fatal.The operation proved (to be) a success/successful.turn out to be + adj./n.原来是e.g. When the ar

21、chaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turnedout to be a very modern-looking woman. (NCE 3, P22)Wherever it went, it left behind ita trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. 疑问词 + ever ( whenever, wherever, whoever, whichever, whatever.)表示“无论.”引

22、导让步状语从句=no matter +疑问词e.g. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin s early films. (NCE 3, P22)表示“到底.”用于疑问句中e.g. Where did you go yesterday?Wherever did you go yesterday?“Whatever are you doing up here Bill? “asked the vicar in surprise.(NCE 3, P18)

23、When ever am I going to see you again?When will you ever learn?These things take time to learn.Will you study anymore?Why do you keep on making the same mistakes?It will be a good learning experience for you.a trail of 连串的e.g. Wherever he went, he left a trail of behind him.(描述特征)Wherever he went, h

24、e left a trail of unpaid bills behind him.Wherever he went, he left a trail of broken hearts behind him.Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.被动语态突出重点造句：人们对下岗工人的生活状况越来越关注了。People have paid more attention to the condition of the laid-off workers.Increasi

25、ng attention has been paid to the condition of the laid-off workers. ( China Daily )fura fur coat裘皮大衣feather fur and feather (借代，头韵)=birds and beasts 飞禽走兽(拼写短的单词在前)fin, fur and feather = all kinds of animalsThe crown should not yield to the cross.王权不应该屈服于神权。中文的借代：臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳。一一诸葛亮出师表巾帼不让须眉过尽千帆皆不是，斜晖脉

26、脉水悠悠金陵十二钗三千粉黛无颜色complain of/about sth.claim声称confirm证实说add 补充说 e.g. Then I added with a smile, “Its strange mixture I make myself. (NCE 3, P54)put it措辞e.g. ., as one of them put it “ate like kings”. (NCE 3, P58)Let me put it this way.让我这么跟你说吧。To put it another way,.换句话说state 声明说 e.g. The writer stat

27、ed that Rastus was in safe hands. (NCE 3, P86)on a fishing trip on a business/honeymoon tripon a journey/voyage/expedition/tour.e.g. President Hu Jintao is on a five-nation tour.be convinced thatconvince sb. of sth.in thatexcept/but thatAfter telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitrifo

28、und out (副词)that his neighbor, Aleko, hadsuddenly acquired a new lamb. (NCE 3, P74)reportmissinge.g. report your ID card missing In the accident, 200 people were reported missing.must have done 对过去的肯定的推测 e.g. You must have been ill yesterday. You looked do pale.must doe.g. She knew that it must be t

29、he baker. (NCE 3, P62)may/might have donecan not/could not have donee.g. You cant have been ill yesterday. I saw you going shopping with your wife.The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake.(NCE 3, P268)should/ought to have done 虚拟(责备)should no

30、t/ ought not to have donee.g. You should have finished your work yesterday.She looks very happy. She have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult at all. (NMET 2007)A. Should B. could C. must D. mightI cant find my purse anywhere.You have lost it while shopping. (NMET, 2008)A. may B. can C. should D. wouldIm sorry. I at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shoutedThe policeman declared t