高中英语选择性必修二 unit 5 单元素养评估测试B卷（解析版）(全国高考课标甲乙卷地区使用)

1、Unit 5 First Aid单元素养评估B卷第一部分 听力（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ABasic Steps of CPR Everyone Should KnowDo you know how to offer first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doctor available at hand? Applying CPR is usually

2、helpful when emergencies such as a heart attack occurs. Read this CPR guide now so you know what to do if someone is experiencing a life-threatening (威胁生命的) emergency. Step 1. Position your hands. Make sure the patient is lying on his back on a firm surface. Kneel beside him and place your hand on t

3、he center of the chest. Keep your arms straight, cover the first hand with the other hand and interlock (紧扣) the fingers of both hands together. Keep your fingers raised so they do not touch the patients chest. Step 2. _. Push the breastbone up and down to a depth of about 5 cm about 30 times, at a

4、rate of 100 beats per minute. Step 3. Give rescue breaths. Make sure the airway is open, and pinch (捏) the nose so it closes. Gently raise the chin (下巴) upwards with two fingers of your other hand. Take a deep breath, put your mouth over the patients, and blow until you can see his chest, rise. Then

5、 remove your mouth from the patients and look along the chest, watching the chest fall. To get another breath, lift your head and breathe in deeply. Perform Step 3 again. Step 4. Repeat chest compressions (按压) and rescue breaths. Repeat the 30 chest compressions followed by the two breaths about fiv

6、e times, and then check for normal breathing. If that person is not breathing normally, continue performing CPR. If breathing restarts as normal, stay with the injured person until help arrives. First aid is an important life skill that everyone should learn. The more people who learn CPR, the more

7、lives can be saved in the future. 1. We should do CPR at once when someone _. A. suffers an accident and stops breathingB. is hit by a car and cant moveC. is suffering a serious headacheD. has a serious bleeding2. Which of the following should be put in Step 2? A. Interlock the fingersB. Open the ai

8、rwayC. Press the chestD. Start the breath3. The author writes this passage to _. A. describe the dangerous experienceB. encourage people to care for othersC. show the damage of a heart attackD. explain the steps to apply CPR【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了CPR(心肺复苏)的一般步骤。1. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中Do you know how to offer

9、 first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doctor available at hand? 一句可知文章开头提出了一个问题从而引出话题: 如果有人遭遇交通事故并且呼吸停止, 但是当场没有医生, 你知道该如何急救吗? 接下来介绍了CPR。可知当有人停止呼吸的时候可以使用CPR. 。2. C。推理判断题。根据Push the breastbone up and down to a depth of about 5 cm about 30 times(上下推动胸骨幅度大约5厘米三十次左右)一

10、句可知本段是关于CPR的第二步: 胸部按压。3. D。推理判断题。通览全文可知本文主要是介绍了CPR(心肺复苏)的一般步骤。选项D. explain the steps to apply CPR(解释实施CPR的步骤)符合题意。BA fiveyearold dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck. The man, Bob, was alone when he left his

11、farmhouse on New Years Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns(衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around 4 . After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his a

12、ssistance. “I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10：30 pm，” Bob explained. “By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldnt yell for help, but Kelsey didnt stop barking. ”Kelseys companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face

13、 and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side，” Bob recalled. “I knew I couldnt give up and that it was my choice to stay alive. ”Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bobs neighbor

14、 discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Years Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21 . However, doctors were surprised to find that he didnt have any frostbite (冻疮)They believed it was because of Kelseys determination to keep him warm

15、. Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “His dog really saved him. He was very fortunate. ”Bob said he was very grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes！”4What happened to Bob on New Years Eve?AHe left his dog alone in his farmhouse. BHe was

16、praised for saving a dog owner. CHe broke his neck and couldnt move. DHe heard his neighbors shouting for help. 5Why did Kelsey keep barking?ATo keep warm. BTo stay alive. CTo keep Bob awake. DTo seek help from others. 6How does Dr. Colen feel about Kelsey?AHelpful.BFortunate. CGrateful.DFriendly. 7

17、What can be a suitable title for the text?AA Neckbreaking AccidentBThe Magic NightCWarmth on a Winters NightDDetermination to Keep Alive【语篇导读】本文讲述了一只叫Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒伤到了脖子无法动弹时，用身体为主人取暖，并且还不断吠叫希望能引起别人的注意，最终Bob获救。4C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“who slipped in the snow and broke his neck”及第三段中的“After the accid

18、ent, he was unable to move in the snow. ”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒伤到了脖子，不能动了。5D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldnt yell for help, but Kelsey didnt stop barking. ”可推知，Kelsey一直叫的目的是找人来帮助主人。6A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, His dog really saved him.

19、He was very fortunate. ”可知，Chaim Colen医生认为Bob的狗救了Bob，因此Chaim Colen医生认为Kelsey是有帮助的。7C标题归纳题。通读全文内容并根据倒数第二段中的“However, doctors were surprised to find that he didnt have any frostbite (冻疮)They believed it was because of Kelseys determination to keep him warm. ”可知，Bob在寒冷的夜里衣着单薄却没有任何冻疮是因为他的狗用身体不停地温暖他。故C项“

20、冬夜里的温暖”做文章标题最合适。CFire fighting is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save peoples lives. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone else in the family, such as stairways and emergency exits, but not elevators(电梯)From the lower floors of buildings, esca

21、pe through windows is possible. Learn the best way to get out from a window with the least chance of serious injury. The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average person, hanging by the fingertips will have a drop of about 6 feet to the ground. It is about the height o

22、f an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way down than to stay in a burning building. Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed before opening the window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the wind

23、ow to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may have leaked into the room. On the second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those which open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement might end in injury. Bushes and trees can

24、help you to have a soft landing. 8Which of the following should not be used when trying to escape from a fire?AWindows.BElevators. CFire exits.DStairways. 9How far from the ground is the second floor window?AAbout 12 feet. BAbout 6 feet. CAbout the height of an average man. DNearly 10 feet. 10Accord

25、ing to the passage, windows are _ of escaping a fire. Athe only wayBthe best wayCsafer than any other waysDone of the possible ways11If you are on the second or third floor when a fire breaks out, youd better _. Adrop directly onto the groundBfirst drop onto a roof then onto the cementCdrop from a r

26、oof window then onto bushes or treesDdrop onto the cement rather than bushes and grass【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。灭火是一件严肃的事情，要知道在火灾中做什么可以挽救人们的生命。较低的楼层，通过窗户逃跑是可能的。打开窗户之前一定要把门关上，否则烟和火可能会进入室内。8B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone else in the family, such as stairways

27、 and emergency exits, but not elevators. ”可知，发生火灾时不要乘坐电梯。9A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“An average person, hanging by the fingertips, will have a drop of about 6 feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. ”可知，一个普通人，用指尖悬吊时，会离地面有大约6英尺的落差，这大约是一个普通人的身高，由此推断二层的窗户离地面大约为6212英尺。10D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From the

28、 lower floors of buildings, escape through windows is possible. ”可知，从建筑物的低层通过窗户逃生是可能的方法之一。11C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement might end in injury. Bushes and trees can help you to have a soft landing. ”可知，一个人从房顶落到地面更安全，掉到水泥上可能会受伤。灌木和树木可以帮

29、助你有一个软着陆。DStress under the COVID-19(新型冠状病毒肺炎)The first national survey of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 collected data between Jan. 31 and Feb. 10. It found that 35 percent of people suffer psychological stress, and the level of the stress was to do with various factors. According to the

30、research, the stress level was associated with sex, age and education. Female showed higher psychological stress than male. People aged between 18 and 30 showed the highest level of stress. They can get much information from social media, which can easily cause stress. The elderly have also been psy

31、chologically impacted, since this widespread disease is most likely to kill older patients. Furthermore, people with higher education tended to have more stress for their knowledge of health. Further, people may have higher stress due to their jobs. It is evident that migrant workers (外来务工人员) have t

32、he highest level of stress among all workers because they worry about the virus carried in public transports when returning to their jobs, about work delays and loss of income as they stop working, and about job opportunities that may dry up before the cities they work in return to full operations.

33、In addition, stress levels have something to do with region for its local medical resources, efficiency of public health system, prevention and control measures. For example, Shanghai is at high risk because of the large population of migrant workers, but the stress level is not in the high level. T

34、his may be because Shanghai has one of the best public health systems in China, according to the research. Ultimately, the prevention and control measures taken by the Chinese government have made peoples stress decrease. Still, based on the research, psychologists suggested more attention be paid t

35、o young adults and migrant workers who have higher stress. 12. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. Stress level was related to sex, age and education. B. Young adults showed the highest level of stress. C. Old people showed high level of stress. D. Educated people tended to have more stres

36、s. 13. According to the survey, which kind of people may suffer higher stress? A. Well-educated people. B. Migrant workers. C. The elderly. D. All above. 14. According to the research, why isnt Shanghai in the high level of stress? A. Shanghai is a beautiful place with fresh air. B. Shanghai has lar

37、ge population of migrant workers. C. Shanghai has much more healthy persons than other cities. D. Shanghai enjoys one of the best public health systems in China. 15. What can we learn from the passage? A. A large percentage of people suffered psychological stress. B. Chinese governments control meas

38、ures lowered peoples stress. C. Shanghai has the largest population of migrant workers. D. Male tended to have more stress. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了关于新型冠状病毒给人们带来的焦虑与压力。人们的焦虑与压力水平的高低受性别、年龄、教育水平、职业以及所在地区的医疗服务的影响。12.A。细节理解题。第二段首句“According to the research, the stress level was associated with sex, age and

39、 education”是该段的主题句, 下文分别提到新型冠状病毒对这几类人的心理压力的情况“Female. . . People aged between 18 and 30. . . The elderly. . . people with higher education. . . ”。13. D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“The elderly have also been psychologically impacted, . . . people with higher education tended to have more stress”和第三段中“migrant worker

40、s have the highest level of stress”可知, 老年人、受过良好教育的人、外来务工人员的心理压力更大。14. D。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“This may be because Shanghai has one of the best public health systems in China”可知, 上海人心理压力水平不高可能是因为上海有中国最好的公共卫生系统之一。15. B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“the prevention and control measures taken by the Chinese government have ma

41、de peoples stress decrease”可知, 中国政府采取的预防和控制措施降低了人们的压力。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to do basic first aid Basic first aid refers to a temporary form of help given to someone who has been injured or has got sick due to choking，a heart attack, drugs or other medical

42、 emergencies. 16 Care for the person who has just gone through serious damage, including both physical treatment and emotional support. 17 . Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be all right. Also you can ask for their names, if they know what has happened, and then a

43、bout their interests. 18 . Youd better listen for the sound of air coming in and out, and feel for air using the side of your face. If there are no signs of breathing, place two fingers under the chin (下巴)and gently guide the face pointing upwards to open up their airways.Perform 30 chest compressio

44、ns (胸外按压) and two rescue breaths as part of CPR. 19 . And then press the chest down about 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths, done by opening the airways, closing the nose and fully covering the mouth hole.Make sure the person is warm as

45、 you wait for medical help. Remove some of your own clothing, such as your coat or jacket, and use it as a cover until medical help arrives.However, if the person has a heatstroke (中暑), do not cover him or keep him warm. 20 AInstead, try to cool himBRemember to stay calmCPerform first aid immediatel

46、yDHere are some tips for first aidEIt is important to take the correct chest compressionsFIn the center of the chest, put your two hands together firstGIf a person is in a state similar to sleep, he may need checking for breath【语篇解读】本文讲述了如何进行基本的急救。16D根据空格前的内容“基本急救是指对因窒息、心脏病、药物或其他医疗紧急情况而受伤或生病的人提供的临时帮

47、助。”再根据下文所讲述的都是急救的方法可知，此处承接上句和下文，由此推知，D项Here are some tips for first aid(这里有一些急救的小窍门)切题。17B根据上文提示“照顾刚遭受严重伤害的人，包括身体治疗和精神支持。”再根据空格下句“让那个人知道帮助就快到了，一切都会好起来的。”可知，此处承接上下文，B项Remember to stay calm(记住要保持冷静)切题。18G根据下文中的“the sound of air coming in and out”以及“breathing”，再结合G项中的“breath”，可得出答案。本题采用词汇复现的解题法。19F根据空格

48、下句“然后以每分钟100次按压的速度按压胸部下方约2英寸的地方。”可知，F项In the center of the chest，put your two hands together first(在胸部中间，先把双手放在一起)切题。下文中的then将上下句联系在一起。20A根据上文提示“但是，如果这个人中暑了，不要盖住他或让他保持温暖。”承接上文，A项Instead，try to cool him(相反，试着给他降温)切题。该项中的Instead表示转折关系。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的

49、四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I have been very busy for the past six months mainly because I _41_ a dental clinic. As a dentist, Ive always _42_owning a dental clinic. After dreaming about it for years, I _43_I never expected how_44_it would be. The previous owner left behind a mess that I could neve

50、r have _45_. It took lots of time and money to _46_ things around.A few weeks ago, the bank account for that new _47_ was down to(只剩下) $147 and salaries about $11.000 were due the next week. I started to _48_ how difficult this was going to be. What had _49_ looked like a gold mine was turning into

51、a money pit (坑) . It seemed my dream was going to _50_ before my eyes. Looking at my banking website, I _51_ over to the sidebar (边注栏) where four words caught my _52_ and hit me over the head.“There are no shortcuts(捷径)”,It was like a wake-up call to me. There is no _53_ to be gained from taking sho

52、rtcuts and avoiding the _54_ . The struggles are the best learning experiences life can _55_ . They shape us into _56_ people.So whether you relate it to a professional _57_ or to your family goals, remember that there are really no _58_. There seem to be shortcuts at first but eventually they will

53、leave you far off the path you want to be on, and often _59_ you to return just to recover. The hard times are part of the journey and you will_60_ respect for them when they are past.A. choseB. soldC. built D. purchased42. A. dreamed ofB. saved forC. lived on D. prepared for43. A. had funB. took ac

54、tionC. lost heart D. made progress44. A. impressiveB. valuableC. difficult D. beneficial45. A. changedB. admittedC. heard D. imagined46. A. moveB. lookC. turn D. observe47. A. goalB. businessC. project D. campaign48. A. decide onB. deal withC. worry about D. test out49. A. originallyB. totallyC. rea

55、lly D. particularly50. A. come trueB. decreaseC. rise D. disappear51. A. pulledB. glancedC. went D. took52 A. doubtB. hesitationC. attention D. anxiety53. A. wisdomB. confidenceC. happiness D. excitement54. A. doubtB. disadvantageC. danger D. struggle55. A. possessB. offerC. expose D. acquire56. A.

56、richerB. braverC. better D. warmer57. A. careerB. competitionC. experiment D. research58. A. fearsB. strugglesC. ends D. shortcuts59. A. requireB. attractC. persuade D. introduce60. A. desireB. gainC. lose D. ignore【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. B 52. C 53. A 54.

57、 D 55. B 56. C 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. B【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者想拥有牙科诊所的梦想实现后，却发现以前店主遗留了一些问题导致经营困难，在他失意的时候，“任何事没有捷径”这句话给了他奋斗的勇气。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去六个月我一直非常忙，主要是因为我买了一家牙科诊所。A. chose选择；B. sold出售；C. built建造；D. purchased购买。根据第三段中的“looked like a gold mine was turning into a money pit (坑)”一座金矿变成了一个金钱陷阱可知，作者是买了一家牙科

58、诊所。故选D项。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名牙医，我一直梦想能拥有一家牙科诊所。A. dreamed of梦想；B. saved for为.存钱；C. lived on靠.生活；D. prepared for为.做准备。根据后一句“After dreaming about it for years”可知，作为一名牙医，作者一直梦想能拥有一家牙科诊所。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在梦想了多年之后，我梦想成真了。A. had fun玩得开心；B. took action采取行动；C. lost heart失去信心；D. made progress取得进步。根据

59、“I have been very busy for the past six months mainly because I 1 a dental clinic. ”可知，在梦想了多年之后，作者梦想成真了。故选B项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没预想过这件事有多么困难。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. valuable宝贵的；C. difficult难的；D. beneficial有好处的。根据下文中描述的作者在买下诊所后遇到的一系列严重问题可知，作者在起初并没有预料到这件事有多么困难。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前的主人留下了一个烂摊子，这

60、是我从来没有想过的。A. changed改变；B. admitted承认；C. heard听见；D. imagined想象。根据前一句“I never expected how difficult it would be.”可知，以前的主人留下了一个烂摊子是作者从来没有想象到的。故选D项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：扭转局面花费了大量的时间和金钱。A. move移动；B. look看；C. turn转；D. observe观察。turn around 意为：使（生意或经济等）好转。前面说以前的主人留下了一个烂摊子，所以作者需要将烂摊子的局面扭转。故选C项。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨